Local injection of botulinum toxin A: An alternative therapy for axillary osmidrosis

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of local injection of botulinum toxin A for treating axillary osmidrosis. One hundred and fifty patients with axillary osmidrosis were randomly divided to receive botulinum toxin A injection treatment (50 U of botulinum toxin A was injected intracutaneously into 6–20 different sites within each axilla, n = 74) or surgical excision of the apocrine glands (n = 76). The patients were followed up for 1–3 months to analyze the therapeutic effect and complications of the two methods. The curative effect in patients with mild and moderate axillary osmidrosis was not significantly different between the botulinum toxin A injection group and operation group. However, for patients with severe axillary osmidrosis, surgery treatment seemed to be superior to botulinum toxin A treatment (P = 0.005). There was also no significant difference in the modified Dermatology Life Quality Index between the two treatments. Two cases showed complications related to hemorrhage and incision infection in the operation group. In conclusion, local injection of botulinum toxin A is a safe, fast and effective treatment for mild and moderate axillary osmidrosis, but the long‐term effect remains to be further investigated.     

Proteomics analysis of lysine crotonylation and 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation reveals significant features of systemic lupus erythematosus

Introduction/objectives

To seek significant features of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by utilizing bioinformatics analysis.

Method

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was used to quantify lysine crotonylation (Kcr) and lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and normal controls.

Results

Seventy-six differentially modified proteins (DMPs) dually modified by Kcr and Khib were identified between SLE patients and healthy people. GO enrichment analysis prompted significant enrichment of seventy-six DMPs in MHC class II protein complex binding and leukocyte migration. KEGG pathways were enriched in antigen processing and presentation pathway and leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway. Six DMPs (CLTC, HSPA1B, HSPA8, HSP90AB1, HSPD1, and PDIA3) were identified in antigen processing and presentation pathway, of which HSPA8 was the core protein. Significant changes of Kcr and Khib in HSPA8 may increase ATP hydrolysis and promote antigen binding to MHC II molecule. In leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway, 7 DMPs (ACTN1, ACTN4, EZR, MSN, RAC1, RHOA, and VCL) were identified. MSN was the protein with the most modification sites in this pathway. In amino terminal ferm region of MSN, Kcr and Khib expression change may lead to the adhesion between leukocytes and endothelial cells, which was an important step of leukocyte migration.

Conclusion

Kcr and Khib may promote the antigen presentation and jointly regulate the tissue damage mediated by leukocyte migration in SLE patients, which may play key roles in the pathogenesis of SLE probably.

Relationship between rosacea and sleep

Rosacea is a chronic facial skin disease involved in neurovascular dysregulation and neurogenic inflammation. Behavioral factors such as stress, anxiety, depression and sleep were identified to be associated with other inflammatory skin diseases. Few studies have reported sleep status in rosacea. Aiming to investigate the relationship between rosacea and sleep, a case–control survey was conducted, enrolling 608 rosacea patients and 608 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Sleep quality was assessed through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Diagnosis and severity grading of rosacea were evaluated under the standard guidelines of the National Rosacea Society. More rosacea patients (52.3%, n = 318) suffered poor sleep quality (PSQI, >5) than the healthy controls (24.0%, n = 146), displaying a much higher PSQI score (rosacea vs control, 6.20 vs 3.95). There was a strong association between sleep quality and rosacea (odds ratio [OR], 3.525; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.759–4.519). Moreover, the severity of rosacea was also associated with sleep quality (OR, 1.847; 95% CI, 1.332–2.570). Single nucleotide polymorphisms in hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A and adrenoceptor-β1 genes, which are associated with sleep behaviour, were detected and revealed to be associated with rosacea. Furthermore, the LL-37-induced rosacea-like phenotype and sleep-deprivation mice models were applied, revealing that sleep deprivation aggravated the rosacea-like phenotype in mice, with higher expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9, Toll-like receptor 2, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide and vascular endothelial growth factor. In conclusion, rosacea patients presented poorer sleep quality, as well as a higher propability of genetic background with sleep disturbance. In addition, poor sleep might aggravate rosacea through regulating inflammatory factors, contributing to a vicious cycle in the progression of disease.     

Different clinical features between patients with ROS1-positive and ALK-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer

ObjectiveTo compare the baseline clinical characteristics between patients with ROS1-positive and ALK-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the correlations of these subtypes with the distribution of metastases.MethodsWe compared the clinical characteristics and imaging features of patients with ROS1-positive and ALK-positive NSCLC using statistical methods.ResultsData for 232 patients were analyzed. Compared with ALK-positive NSCLC, ROS1-positive NSCLC was more likely to occur in women (71% vs 53%), and primary lesions ≤3 cm were more common in patients with ROS1-positive compared with ALK-positive NSCLC (58% vs 37%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of metastases between the two groups. Subgroup analysis within the ROS1-positive group showed that, compared with primary lesions >3 cm, primary lesions ≤3 cm were more likely to present as peripheral tumors (72% vs 43%) and more likely to exhibit non-solid density (44% vs 4%).ConclusionsAlthough ROS1-positive and ALK-positive NSCLCs show similar clinical features, the differences may help clinicians to identify patients requiring further genotyping at initial diagnosis.     

Flow-through arterialized venous free thenar flaps for palmar soft tissue defects in fingers

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of venous free thenar flaps for reconstructing palmar soft tissue defects in fingers.MethodsFrom December 2018 to October 2019, 11 patients with palmar soft tissue defects in fingers were treated using venous free thenar flaps. At the final follow-up, the range of thumb radial and palmar abduction on the injured side and opposite side was calculated. The total active movement (TAM) of the injured and opposite fingers and flap sensibility recovery were also recorded.ResultsThe mean follow-up time was 13.4 months, all flaps survived, and all wounds at the donor sites healed with no skin necrosis. At the last follow-up, the average range of thumb radial abduction and thumb palmar abduction on the injured side was 96.6% and 95.9% of the value on the opposite side, respectively. The average TAM of the injured fingers was 98.2% of the value of the opposite fingers. Sensation in the flaps was restored to grade S2 to S3.ConclusionVenous free thenar flaps can be alternatives for reconstructing palmar soft tissue defects in fingers.     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯预防正畸固定矫治者的牙釉质白斑

文题释义： 龋白斑：很多接受正畸固定矫治的患者其牙面上会呈现白垩色的点或斑块，临床上表现为龋白斑(white spot lesions，WSL)，即釉质脱矿，如病变进一步发展甚至会形成龋洞。 表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epigallocatechin gallate，EGCG)：是茶多酚中最有效的活性成分，属于儿茶素。EGCG具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、抗动脉硬化、抗血栓形成、抗血管增生、抗炎以及抗肿瘤作用。绿茶里有EGCG，但红茶里没有，因为红茶里的EGCG被转化成了茶玉红精。EGCG在医药保健上具有防治癌症等多种疾病和增强免疫力等功能。 背景：目前已有大量研究证实表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epigallocatechin gallate，EGCG)可应用于牙科治疗中，但目前尚未有临床研究讨论EGCG用于托槽的釉质粘接是否可以减少临床上正畸术后白斑的发生率。目的：探讨EGCG应用于预防正畸固定矫治患者牙釉质白斑发生的价值。方法：选择接受正畸固定矫治治疗的50例符合纳入排除标准的患者，采用自身对照法，右侧使用添加有1 g/L EGCG的粘接剂(EGCG组)，左侧使用不含EGCG的粘接剂(对照组)，其余治疗步骤和材料均相同。于治疗开始后3，6和12个月检测目标牙位(16，11，46，26，31，36)牙釉质脱矿指数(EDI)和釉质白斑的发生率，并统计托槽脱落情况。研究方案的实施符合柳州市人民医院对研究的相关伦理要求，患者及监护人对试验过程完全知情同意。结果与结论：①EGCG组和对照组在试验期间托槽脱落率差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；②在治疗开始后3个月，2组白斑发生率和牙釉质脱矿指数值差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)，治疗6，12个月，EGCG组白斑发生率和牙釉质脱矿指数值均较对照组显著降低(P < 0.05)；③结果说明，添加有1 g/L EGCG的粘接剂可以在不影响托槽粘接强度的情况下，起到预防正畸固定矫治患者牙釉质脱矿和白斑发生作用，且能长期维持。 ORCID: 0000-0002-5325-5037(杨柳青) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程