左西孟旦治疗重症冠心病所致心衰的临床疗效

  目的  重症冠心病所致心衰患者在使用左西孟旦后的疗效及其安全性分析。  方法  选择2018年1月至2020年1月期间于昆明医科大学第一附属医院住院治疗的40例冠脉弥漫性病变重症患者，基于行左西孟旦干预与否，划分出对照组（n = 20）、实验组（n = 20）。两组对象入院后皆接受抗心力衰竭（HF）常规药物干预，实验组同时结合左西孟旦应用。对两组对象药物干预后心功能参数、不良反应、心肌酶学、肝肾功能、BNP进行收集分析。  结果  对经过相应治疗后的两组展开对比分析，发现实验组心功能参数增幅明显，且相比对照组（P < 0.05），即差异有统计学意义；另实验组BNP与心肌酶学参数皆明显偏低（P < 0.05）；在干预后肝肾功能水平上，对比两组结果为（P > 0.05），即未见明显区别；在治疗期间不良反应发生率方面，对比两组发现差异无统计学意义。  结论  左西孟旦的应用，可在一定程度上改善重症冠心病患者的心衰表现与心功能，且不会影响伤及肝肾功能，不良反应少，具备临床大量应用价值。     

Role of Oxalobacter formigenes in preventing calcium oxalate kidney stones

Objective To screen Oxalobacter formigenes (OxF) from fresh feces of healthy adults, and study its effect on the the prevention of calcium oxalate kidney stones. Methods OxF was screened and cultured from fresh feces of healthy adults. The rat model of calcium oxalate stone was established by esophageal gavage of 0.8% of ethylene glycol. Rats were divided into a control group and four groups of rats with ethylene glycol-induced calcium oxalate kidney stones according to random number table. Three groups were treated with 106 CFU, 107 CFU, 108 CFU viable OxF every day, respectively, for 4 weeks. The blood and 24-hour urine samples were collected to detect the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, serum and urine calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and urine oxalate every week. At the end of the 4th week, the rats were sacrificed and the kidney tissues were stained with HE and Yasue. The deposition and content of calcium oxalate crystals were observed under a light microscope. Results The bacteria strain isolated from fresh feces of healthy adults was 100% as same as the known ATCC35274 bacteria strain, which means the strain screened is OxF. Among the 5 groups, there were no significant differences in body weight, Scr, BUN, serum calcium, blood magnesium, blood phosphorus, urinary magnesium and urinary phosphorus. The 24-hour urinary calcium excretion in the model group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05). After intervention with OxF solution, the 24-hour urinary calcium excretion in the 108 CFU OxF group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P＜0.05), while there was no significant difference between the other intervention groups and the model. The oxalic acid excretion of 106 CFU OxF group and 107 CFU OxF group was lower than that of the model, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P＞0.05). The 24 h oxalic acid excretion in the 108 CFU OxF group was significantly lower than that of the model at the end of first week (P＜0.05), and continued to decrease for the next 3 weeks. After 4 weeks of intervention, no crystal formation was observed in the control group under the deflection microscope, but a large amount of calcium oxalate crystals were formed in the renal cortex and renal medulla. The crystals were piled up and connected to each other. Yasue staining coincided with the calcium oxalate crystal in the same part of the kidneys. Compared with the model, there was no significant change in the score of calcium oxalate crystal in the kidneys of 106 CFU OxF group and 107 CFU OxF group, while the score of calcium oxalate crystal in the kidneys of 108 CFU OxF group was significantly lower (P＜0.05). Conclusions OxF are successively screened from healthy adults. Daily administration of 108 CFU OxF can safely and effectively reduce the urinary oxalic acid excretion, prevent the formation of calcium oxalate crystals and inhibit the formation of stones in kidneys of rats.     

反复感染手足口病患儿的预防和治疗

目的探讨消毒隔离结合免疫及营养治疗在预防和治疗反复感染手足口病患儿中的作用。 方法收集初次就诊的手足口病患儿共400例，利用随机数字表将患者分为治疗组与对照组各200例，治疗组患儿定期给予消毒隔离健康教育及营养随访，再次患病后给予个体化营养支持治疗。对照组患儿仅在感染手足口病后给予常规治疗。比较两组患儿手足口病再发率和重症率等指标。 结果治疗组患儿平均退热时间为（1.7 ± 1.1）d、皮疹消退时间为（4.0 ± 1.3）d、平均住院天数为（5.6 ± 2.4）d、抗菌药物使用率为19%（38/200）、激素使用率为8%（16/200），均显著低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（t = 10.028、8.677、8.353、20.650、11.312，P = 0.015、0.032、0.001、0.004、0.011）。治疗组患儿1年内再发率、重症率和并发症发生率分别为12%（24/200）、1%（2/200）和5%（10/200），显著低于对照组患儿，差异均有统计学意义（χ² = 9.21、0.88、7.24，P = 0.010、0.002、0.007）。 结论健康教育、营养随访及个体化营养支持治疗可降低手足口病的再发率及重症率，改善临床结局。     

Deep learning applied to two-dimensional color Doppler flow imaging ultrasound images significantly improves diagnostic performance in the classification of breast masses: a multicenter study

BackgroundThe current deep learning diagnosis of breast masses is mainly reflected by the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions. In China, breast masses are divided into four categories according to the treatment method: inflammatory masses, adenosis, benign tumors, and malignant tumors. These categorizations are important for guiding clinical treatment. In this study, we aimed to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) for classification of these four breast mass types using ultrasound (US) images.MethodsTaking breast biopsy or pathological examinations as the reference standard, CNNs were used to establish models for the four-way classification of 3623 breast cancer patients from 13 centers. The patients were randomly divided into training and test groups (n = 1810 vs. n = 1813). Separate models were created for two-dimensional (2D) images only, 2D and color Doppler flow imaging (2D-CDFI), and 2D-CDFI and pulsed wave Doppler (2D-CDFI-PW) images. The performance of these three models was compared using sensitivity, specificity, area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV), positive (LR+) and negative likelihood ratios (LR−), and the performance of the 2D model was further compared between masses of different sizes with above statistical indicators, between images from different hospitals with AUC, and with the performance of 37 radiologists.ResultsThe accuracies of the 2D, 2D-CDFI, and 2D-CDFI-PW models on the test set were 87.9%, 89.2%, and 88.7%, respectively. The AUCs for classification of benign tumors, malignant tumors, inflammatory masses, and adenosis were 0.90, 0.91, 0.90, and 0.89, respectively (95% confidence intervals [CIs], 0.87–0.91, 0.89–0.92, 0.87–0.91, and 0.86–0.90). The 2D-CDFI model showed better accuracy (89.2%) on the test set than the 2D (87.9%) and 2D-CDFI-PW (88.7%) models. The 2D model showed accuracy of 81.7% on breast masses ≤1 cm and 82.3% on breast masses >1 cm; there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001). The accuracy of the CNN classifications for the test set (89.2%) was significantly higher than that of all the radiologists (30%).ConclusionsThe CNN may have high accuracy for classification of US images of breast masses and perform significantly better than human radiologists.Trial registrationChictr.org, ChiCTR1900021375; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=33139.     

Proteomics analysis of lysine crotonylation and 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation reveals significant features of systemic lupus erythematosus

Introduction/objectives

To seek significant features of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by utilizing bioinformatics analysis.

Method

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was used to quantify lysine crotonylation (Kcr) and lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and normal controls.

Results

Seventy-six differentially modified proteins (DMPs) dually modified by Kcr and Khib were identified between SLE patients and healthy people. GO enrichment analysis prompted significant enrichment of seventy-six DMPs in MHC class II protein complex binding and leukocyte migration. KEGG pathways were enriched in antigen processing and presentation pathway and leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway. Six DMPs (CLTC, HSPA1B, HSPA8, HSP90AB1, HSPD1, and PDIA3) were identified in antigen processing and presentation pathway, of which HSPA8 was the core protein. Significant changes of Kcr and Khib in HSPA8 may increase ATP hydrolysis and promote antigen binding to MHC II molecule. In leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway, 7 DMPs (ACTN1, ACTN4, EZR, MSN, RAC1, RHOA, and VCL) were identified. MSN was the protein with the most modification sites in this pathway. In amino terminal ferm region of MSN, Kcr and Khib expression change may lead to the adhesion between leukocytes and endothelial cells, which was an important step of leukocyte migration.

Conclusion

Kcr and Khib may promote the antigen presentation and jointly regulate the tissue damage mediated by leukocyte migration in SLE patients, which may play key roles in the pathogenesis of SLE probably.

一重与多重脑震荡大鼠伤后14 d的焦虑行为变化

  目的  观察一重与多重脑震荡（multiple cerebral concussion，MCC）大鼠的焦虑行为变化。  方法  成年SD大鼠50只，用单摆闭合性脑损伤打击装置复制大鼠一重脑震荡（pure cerebral concussion，PCC）和多重脑震荡（multiple cerebral concussion，MCC）模型，另设一正常对照组（normal，N）每组12只大鼠。于损伤后第14天进行旷场实验（open field test，OFT）和高架十字迷宫实验（high plus maze，HPM）检测，评估其焦虑行为变化。  结果  （1）在OFT实验中:① PCC组和3 MCC组在中央区行走格数为[9.500（6.50，16.75）]格、[5.00（3.50，9.00）]格，N组为[10.00（7.00，17.88）]格。损伤组在中央区行走的格数与停留时间均少于对照组，3 MCC组与N组、PCC组比较差异有统计学意义，P < 0.05（P = 0.024，P = 0.033）。② PCC组和3 MCC组在周边区行走格数为[54.50（26.88，62.25）]格、[65.00（28.50，81.00）]格，N组为[33.00（1.13，51.50）]格。损伤组在周边区（surround areas，SA）行走格数和时间均高于对照组，3 MCC组与N组比较差异有统计学意义，P < 0.05（P = 0.015）。③ PCC组和3 MCC组梳理毛发频次为（4.20±1.03）次、（2.44±0.73）次，N组为（5.20±1.62）次。损伤组梳理毛发次数均少于N组，且3 MCC组较N组与PCC组差异有统计学意义，P < 0.05（P = 0.013，P = 0.019）。④各损伤组大鼠在旷场实验中CA区行走格数、行走时间与理毛次数，均随着打击次数的增加呈现下降趋势。此外，随着打击次数的增加，损伤大鼠在SA区行走格数与行走时间则呈上升趋势。（2）在HMP实验中:① PCC组和3 MCC组进入开臂次数为[1.00（0.00，1.00）]次、[0.50（0.00，1.00）]次，N组为[1.00（0.00，2.00）]次。各损伤组进入开臂（open arms，OA）次数和时间均少于正常组，但各组间差异无统计学意义，P > 0.05。②损伤组在OA中向台下探索次数均少于N组，其中3 MCC组差异有统计学意义，P < 0.05（P = 0.032）。③ PCC组和3 MCC组进入闭臂次数为[1.00（1.00，1.00）]次、[0.00（0.00，1.00）]次，N组为[0.00（0.00，1.00）]次。损伤组进入闭臂（enclosed arms，EA）次数与时间均高于N组，进入EA次数，3 MCC组与PCC组比较，差异具有统计学意义，P < 0.05（P = 0.015）；进入EA时间，3 MCC组与N组、PCC组比较差异有统计学意义，P < 0.05（P = 0.042，P = 0.027）。④各损伤组大鼠在高架十字迷宫实验中，进入OA臂的次数、时间与向台下探望次数，均随着打击次数的增加呈现下降趋势。此外，随着打击次数的增加，损伤大鼠在EA臂中的停留时间则呈上升趋势。  结论  一重和三重脑震荡大鼠损伤后14 d焦虑行为开始明显增加，且大鼠经历三次脑震荡后的焦虑行为重于一次性脑震荡。     

功能练习与康复促进在治疗肩关节周围炎病人中的效果分析

肩关节周围炎,是临床常见的由于肩关节周围软组织退变基础上发生的以疼痛、活动受限为主的疾病.多发生于50岁左右的中老年人,女性病人多见.本病病程较长,治疗方法较多.经过临床实践,采取了综合康复的治疗方法,并根据病期配合循序渐进的、有针对性的功能练习与康复促进,疗效较好,现报告如下.     

Tid1 functions as a tumour suppressor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Human tumourous imaginal disc (Tid1), a human homologue of the Drosophila tumour suppressor protein Tid56, is involved in multiple intracellular signalling pathways such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, and cell survival. Here, we investigated the anti‐tumourigenic activity of Tid1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in vitro and in vivo. Firstly, the clinical association between Tid1 expression and progression of HNSCC was explored. It was found that expression of Tid1 was negatively associated with tumour status, recurrence, and survival prognosis using immunohistochemical analysis of primary HNSCC patient tumour tissue. Secondly, ectopic expression of Tid1 in HNSCC cells was shown to significantly inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, anchorage‐independent growth, and xenotransplantation tumourigenicity. Thirdly, we showed that overexpression of Tid1 attenuated EGFR activity and blocked the activation of AKT in HNSCC cells, which are known to be involved in the regulation of survival in HNSCC cells. On the other hand, ectopic expression of constitutively active AKT greatly reduced apoptosis induced by Tid1 overexpression. Together, these findings suggest that Tid1 functions as a tumour suppressor in HNSCC tumourigenesis. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.