阴茎勃起神经再生模型和机制的研究

探明神经性勃起功能障碍(NED)的分子生物学机制以期对该类疾病进行神经调控干预,是男科学研究的当务之急。本文回顾了急性神经损伤、前列腺癌、糖尿病和帕金森病所致的NED的研究进展。通过利用大鼠阴茎勃起神经的盆腔大神经节(MPG),在体外构建一个三维培养体系来研究各种生长因子和细胞信号通路对神经再生的影响。体外结果表明脑源性神经生长因子(BDNF)通过JAK/STAT信号通路可显著促进NED的恢复,并在体内证实了该效应。因此,通过调控JAK/STAT信号通路来达到神经调控干预措施预防治疗神经性勃起功能障碍成为可能。     

封闭式负压引流治疗软组织感染

目的探讨封闭式负压引流治疗软组织感染的疗效。方法应用封闭式负压引流治疗开放性骨折发生软组织感染18例。结果18例均获随访,时间6个月-1年6个月。软组织感染均愈合,骨折正常愈合12例,延迟愈合6例,无慢性骨感染发生。结论封闭式负压引流治疗软组织感染,可短期控制感染,为进一步治疗创造条件,尤其适用于深部软组织感染患者。手术简单,疗效可靠,适合基层医院应用。     

Development of a risk-adjusted capitation model based on principal inpatient diagnoses in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) program has considered the use of capitation payments to health care providers as a method for control of the rising costs of the system. The establishment of capitation payments usually requires the performance of risk adjustment. The purposes of this study were to develop a diagnosis-based risk adjustment model for the NHI and to evaluate its predictability. METHODS: Using a 2% random sample of 371,620 NHI enrollees, the authors developed a Taiwan version of the Principal Inpatient Diagnosis Cost Groups (TPIPDCGs) from 1996 claim records to predict an individual's expenditure in 1997. Weighted least squares regression models were built in an estimation sample (two-thirds of the study sample), and were cross-validated in a validation sample (the remaining one-third of the study sample). Predictive R2 and predictive ratios were used to evaluate the model's predictability. RESULTS: Only 7.88% of the study sample could be classified into 1 of the 16 TPIPDCGs. Combined with demographic variables, which alone could explain 3.7% of the variation in an individual's future expenditure, the risk adjustment model based on TPIPDCGs could explain 12.2% of expenditure variation. In addition, the finding that the predictive ratios of the TPIPDCG model approximated unity better than those of the demographic model in all subgroups indicates that the capitation payment as predicted by the TPIPDCG model for each subgroup would better correlate to the actual spending. CONCLUSION: Taiwan's risk-adjusted capitation model based on principal inpatient diagnoses has higher predictability on individual's future expenditure than its counterpart in the USA. This finding provides insight into not only the development of Taiwan's diagnosis-based risk adjustment models but also the necessity of modification when applying foreign-developed risk adjustment models to the NHI.     

两种微创方法治疗股骨颈骨折的临床对照试验

目的分别应用三针锁针加压器外固定和空心拉力钉内固定疗法治疗股骨颈骨折,探讨股骨颈骨折最佳治疗方法.方法应用三针锁针加压器外固定治疗股骨颈骨折63例,其中男24例,女39例;年龄55～89岁,平均(64.5±3.2)岁;Garderl Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型15例,Ⅲ型38例,Ⅳ型8例.应用空心拉力钉内固定治疗63例,其中男29例,女34例;年龄45～76岁,平均(62.2±2.9)岁;Garden Ⅰ型4例,Ⅱ型24例,Ⅲ型28例,Ⅳ型7例.对其疗效进行分析.结果126例除2例死亡外均得到随访.115例愈合,其中10例股骨头坏死.外固定组愈合58例,股骨头坏死4例,死亡1例;内固定组愈合57例,股骨头坏死6例,死亡1例.根据Harris功能评定标准评价疗效,外固定组62例中优24例,良26例,可8例,差4例,优良率80.65%;内固定组62例中优23例,良27例,可6例,差6例,优良率80.65%.Harris评分外固定组平均(80.40±1.21)分,内固定组平均(79.14±1.47)分,两组Harris评分比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论采用内外固定治疗股骨颈骨折疗效无明显差异,但外固定创伤小、费用低、可早期离床;而采用拉力钉内固定器医疗成本高,卧病时间相对较长,且需二次手术取内固定钉.     

NeuroformⅡ支架联合MatrixⅡ弹簧圈治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的初步经验

目的探讨NeuroformⅡ支架植入联合MatrixⅡ弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的疗效、技术要点、安全性及并发症防治。方法诊断为颅内宽颈动脉瘤的病人11例,其中大脑前动脉瘤2例,后交通动脉瘤4例,眼动脉瘤1例,大脑中动脉瘤2例,椎基底动脉瘤2例。7例先行NeuroformⅡ支架瘤颈成形,将微导管通过支架网眼置入动脉瘤内,填塞弹簧圈;4例先置入微导管于动脉瘤内,再释放支架后栓塞,术后3~6个月随访。结果所有病例栓塞操作均顺利完成,无手术并发症;其中致密填塞8例,部分致密填塞3例,术后病人均恢复良好,4例短期随访无再出血及血栓栓塞症状发生。结论NeuroformⅡ支架联合MatrixⅡ弹簧圈治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤安全、有效。     

如何强化医院医德医风建设

深圳市第二人民医院在不断完善、加大力度、加强医德医风建设方面制订出一系列纠风长效机制，采取有力措施：认真解决“红包”、回扣问题；进一步推动和规范药品集中招标采购工作；加强对中标药品价格和管理；切实加强医德医风建设，规范医疗服务行为；进一步规范药品生产流通秩序，加大源头治理力度；加强监管，严肃查处医药购销和医疗服务中的违纪违法行为。使医德医风常抓不懈，为医院在医疗服务行业、深化改革竞争中赢得了一席之地，也使医院在社会效益和经济效益能在全社会中取得了较高威信奠定了坚实的基础。     

无线网络技术在医学仪器中的应用

简要介绍无线网络技术的原理、特点及其在医学仪器中的应用.     

妊高征与眼底视网膜病变的临床探讨

目的 :探讨妊高征患者临床特征与视网膜病变的关系。方法 :观察 2 2 0例妊高征患者的眼底情况。结果 :视网膜病变与水肿关系不密切 ,与平均动脉压、蛋白尿的严重程度、病程及红细胞压积有密切关系 ;有眼底改变者 118例 ,占 5 0 .3%。结论 :眼底镜检查是临床上借以了解视网膜血管的常用方法 ,并可反映妊高征病情的程度 ,为产程处理提供依据     

高血压病患者动态脉压与左心室肥厚的关系

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and the ambulatory pulse pressure and aortic root dimension (AOD) in essential hypertensive patients. METHODS: We monitored the 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and applied echocardiography in 107 essential hypertensive patients. Using the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) as an index in evaluating LVH, the patients were divided into 2 groups: 29 cases in the LVH group and 78 in the non-LVH group. RESULTS: The average levels of 24-hour pulse pressure, daytime pulse pressure, nighttime pulse pressure and AOD were significantly different between patients with LVH and without LVH (P < 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the changes in nighttime pulse pressure and AOD were closely related to LVMI (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The pulse pressure and AOD are important factors leading to LVH in patients with essential hypertension.     

组织工程化表皮膜片构建及其在供皮区的应用研究

目的构建组织工程化表皮细胞膜片并应用于供皮区创面治疗。方法利用患者少量自体或同种异体正常皮肤分离、培养、扩增的表皮细胞,接种于壳聚糖明胶膜构建成表皮细胞膜片;将膜片移植于治疗组供皮区创面、适度加压,同时设立对照组:空白材料对照以及传统油纱布对照覆盖创面。于术后5～10d、30d、90d行大体观察、组织学检查、广谱角蛋白、外皮蛋白、层粘连蛋白、免疫组织化学检测以及Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原比值测定(偏光显微镜、RTPCR)。结果利用自体及异体表皮细胞和壳聚糖明胶膜能够构建出人表皮细胞膜片,应用于临床供皮区创面治疗15例,经过3个月随访,疗效肯定。移植膜片创面愈合时间(8.1±1.3)d,空白材料对照区为(16.2±3.8)d,空白油纱布对照区为(23.0±5.8)d。移植膜片存活良好,结构较完整、术后30d及90d观察:12例无明显增生,3例有轻度增生(20.0%),而空白油纱布对照区11例遗留增生性瘢痕(74.4%,χ2=8.127,P<0.01)。结论表皮细胞-壳聚糖明胶膜片能促进供皮区创面早期愈合并减少后期瘢痕增生,具有良好治疗效果。