长梗南五味子化学成分的研究

从长梗南五味子(Kadsura longepedunculata)根中分离出一个新化合物,经光谱和化学方法证明为南五内酯酸(kadsulactoneacid,I),同时还分离得到5个已知化合物:南五内酯(I)、(+)-安五脂素(II)、二氢愈疮木脂素(IV)、d-表加巴辛(V)和β-谷甾醇(VI)。     

Growth of the uterus

BACKGROUND: The pattern of growth of the uterus was examined by ultrasound examinations of 358 girls who attended a paediatric endocrine outpatient department but were shown not to have any endocrine defect. METHOD: The uterus was measured in length and width at the cervix and at the fundus (cm). Endometrial thickness was measured (mm). Scans were divided by Tanner breast stage and the dimensions compared by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA, with the Student Newman Keuls post hoc test). RESULTS: There was an increase in uterine length, diameter of the fundus, and endometrial thickness at each breast stage from 1 to 5 (ANOVA, p < 0.05), and in the diameter of the cervix with each breast stage from 1 to 4 (ANOVA, p < 0.05). The ratio of the fundus to the cervix increased from 0.95 to 1.29 between breast stages 1 and 4. CONCLUSION: The onset of puberty is marked by an increase in the dimensions of the uterus and in endometrial thickness, but also by a change in the shape of the uterus from a tubular to a pear shaped organ.     

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia studied by gallium-67 scanning

The validity and reliability of gallium-67 (Ga-67) scanning for diagnosis and follow-up of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) were assessed in 34 patients thought to have pulmonary complications of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Overall sensitivity was 94% and specificity 74%. Among patients with normal or equivocal chest radiographs at the time of admission, sensitivity was 86% and specificity 85%. The authors consider Ga-67 scanning a valid and reliable adjunct in the diagnosis of PCP in AIDS patients with respiratory symptoms when the chest radiograph is normal or equivocal.     

Greater trochanteric overgrowth: development and surgical correction

Greater trochanteric advancement (GTA) is an orthopedic procedure designed to correct the biomechanical consequences of overgrowth of the greater trochanter by moving the greater trochanter and its attached muscles laterally and distally. Thirty-one children with trochanteric overgrowth who had secondary pelvic instability (Trendelenburg sign) were studied and underwent a total of 33 GTA procedures. The clinical and radiologic prerequisites for successful surgery are presented. In addition, the radiographic methods of measuring the lateral position of the trochanter, the articulotrochanteric distance, and the amount of trochanteric overgrowth are discussed. Measurements made on preoperative and postoperative radiographs revealed that surgery achieved a mean displacement laterally of 12.1 mm and distally 21 mm. Clinically, there were few complications (two children with mild myositis, one with broken hardware, one with delayed union of trochanter). Pelvic instability had disappeared in the 25 of the 30 patients who could be evaluated.