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排序方式: 共有6405条查询结果,搜索用时 334 毫秒
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Cristina Martínez González Amador Prieto González Lucía García Alfonso Luis Fernández Fernández Ariel Moreda Bernardo Ramon Fernández Álvarez Valeria Rolle-Sóñora Alberto Ruano Raviña Pere Casan Clarà 《Archivos de bronconeumología》2019,55(9):459-464
IntroductionSilicosis is a chronic progressive disease caused by inhalation of crystalline silica. Most cases develop in underground mine workers and in subjects involved in the extraction of natural stone (slate and granite). In view of the progressive emergence of new cases of silicosis in artificial quartz conglomerate workers, we performed a study to analyze the characteristics of silicosis produced by this new agent in Spain.MethodsThe study consisted of a series of 96 cases of silicosis diagnosed according to international criteria during the period 2010-2017. We analyzed clinical, radiological, pathological and functional characteristics.ResultsMean age of participants was 45 years; 55% had simple silicosis and 45% had complicated silicosis. Ten patients were diagnosed with accelerated silicosis, with a mean age of 33 years. Mean time of exposure to conglomerates was 15 years, and 77% had not used appropriate protection measures. Half of the patients were asymptomatic and presented different classic forms on chest X-ray and chest high-resolution computed tomography, along with ground-glass images. No lung function changes were recorded.ConclusionsSilicosis in artificial quartz conglomerate workers occurs in a young, actively employed population, a considerable percentage of whom present an accelerated form. They have few symptoms and no functional limitations. Protection measures are scarce. It is important to characterize these features to provide early diagnosis and implement the necessary preventive measures. 相似文献
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Carolyn R. Honigford Aktham Aburub Hala M. Fadda 《Journal of pharmaceutical sciences》2019,108(1):288-294
Nifedipine is a Biopharmaceutics Classification System class II drug displaying large variability in absorption even when administered as immediate-release soft gelatin capsules of a cosolvent formulation. This in vitro study sought to understand the reasons behind variability in nifedipine absorption, how it can be minimized, and if it can be predicted using in vitro models. A dynamic in vitro simulated stomach duodenum model was used to explore drug concentration–time profiles of nifedipine soft gelatin capsules under conditions simulating how patients take their medicines. Specifically, the effect of prandial gastric emptying patterns and fluid volume administration (250 mL vs. 50 mL water) were investigated. Significant supersaturation of nifedipine was observed. While administration of large and small water volumes gave rise to a similar Cmax and area under the curve (AUC∞), the coefficient of variation in AUC was 4.8% and 49%, respectively, which can be attributed to differences in precipitation kinetics. Fasting and fed gastric emptying patterns also gave rise to a similar AUC; however, Cmax was significantly lower in the fed state. These trends are consistent with previously published in vivo results in healthy volunteers. The simulated stomach duodenum provides a good discriminative screening tool for predicting trends in drug concentration profiles of Biopharmaceutics Classification System class II drugs. 相似文献
85.
Valeria Manfreda Maria Esposito Elena Campione Luca Bianchi Alessandro Giunta 《Postgraduate medicine》2019,131(3):239-240
Treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis in patients with concomitant chronic, severe viral infections, particularly HIV or HBV, represents a challenge, due to contraindication to conventional immunomodulating systemic drugs and biologics, including anti-TNF alpha, anti-IL12/23, and anti-IL17 agents. Recently, apremilast, a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase E4 has been suggested to be a safe and effective therapeutic option in HIV-infected population with psoriatic arthritis. We report the case of a patient with psoriatic arthritis and concomitant HIV and HBV infection successfully treated with apremilast. 相似文献
86.
ObjectiveTo provide new evidence on whether and how patterns of health care utilization deviate from horizontal equity in a country with a universal and egalitarian public health care system: Italy.ConclusionsDespite its universal and egalitarian public health care system, Italy exhibits a significant degree of SES-related horizontal inequity in health services utilization. 相似文献
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Raoul Orvieto Eran Zilberberg Valeria Stella Vanni Amnom Botchan 《Gynecological endocrinology》2018,34(7):551-553
We report for the first time on a case of infertile advance-age patient with large intramural fibroid, who conceived following a course of Ulipristal. The patient underwent two fresh fertility preserving IVF cycles, with cryopreservation of 9?day-3 embryos, followed by a 12?weeks course of Ulipristal (5?mg per day) and a subsequent frozen-thawed embryo transfer with her own previously cryopreserved embryos. We, therefore, believe that Ulipristal is a valuable addition to treatment armamentarium of advance-age infertile patient with prominent intramural fibroid. 相似文献
89.
Armando Perrotta MD PhD Natalia Arce‐Leal MD PhD Cristina Tassorelli MD PhD Valeria Gasperi PhD Grazia Sances MD Fabio Blandini MD PhD Mariano Serrao MD PhD Monica Bolla MD Francesco Pierelli MD DrMSc Giuseppe Nappi MD DrMSc Mauro Maccarrone DrMSc Giorgio Sandrini MD DrMSc 《Headache》2012,52(9):1350-1361
Objectives.— We investigated (1) a possible relationship between the functional activity of the endocannabinoid system and the facilitation of pain processing in migraineurs with medication‐overuse headache, and (2) the effect of withdrawal treatment on both. Background.— The endocannabinoid system antinociception effect includes prevention of nociceptive pathways sensitization. The sensitization of the pain pathways has been demonstrated to be pivotal in the development and maintenance of chronic form of migraine, including medication‐overuse headache. Methods.— We used the temporal summation threshold of the nociceptive withdrawal reflex to explore the spinal cord pain processing, and the platelet activity of the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase to detect the functional state of the endocannabinoid system in 27 medication‐overuse headache subjects before and 10 and 60 days after a standard withdrawal treatment and compared results with those of 14 controls. Results.— A significantly reduced temporal summation threshold and increased related pain sensation was found in subjects before withdrawal treatment when compared with controls. A significant fatty acid amide hydrolase activity reduction coupled with a significant improvement (reduction) in facilitation of spinal cord pain processing (increase in temporal summation threshold and reduction in related pain sensation) was found in medication‐overuse headache subjects at both 10 and 60 days after withdrawal treatment when compared with medication‐overuse headache subjects before withdrawal treatment. Conclusions.— We demonstrated a marked facilitation in spinal cord pain processing in medication‐overuse headache before withdrawal treatment when compared with controls. Furthermore, the acute reduction of the fatty acid amide hydrolase activity coupled with a reduction of the facilitation in pain processing immediately (10 days) after withdrawal treatment and its persistence 60 days after withdrawal treatment could represent the consequence of a mechanism devoted to acutely reduce the degradation of endocannabinoids and aimed to increase the activity of the endocannabinoid system that results in an antinociceptive effect. 相似文献
90.
A relaxometric method for the assessment of intestinal permeability based on the oral administration of gadolinium‐based MRI contrast agents
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Eliana Gianolio Cinzia Boffa Valeria Orecchia Paola Bardini Valeria Catanzaro Valeria Poli Silvio Aime 《NMR in biomedicine》2016,29(4):475-482
Herein, a new relaxometric method for the assessment of intestinal permeability based on the oral administration of clinically approved gadolinium (Gd)‐based MRI contrast agents (CAs) is proposed. The fast, easily performed and cheap measurement of the longitudinal water proton relaxation rate (R1) in urine reports the amount of paramagnetic probe that has escaped the gastrointestinal tract. The proposed method appears to be a compelling alternative to the available methods for the assessment of intestinal permeability. The method was tested on the murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis in comparison with healthy mice. Three CAs were tested, namely ProHance®, MultiHance® and Magnevist®. Urine was collected for 24 h after the oral ingestion of the Gd‐containing CA at day 3–4 (severe damage stage) and day 8–9 (recovery stage) after treatment with DSS. The Gd content in urine measured by 1H relaxometry was confirmed by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). The extent of urinary excretion was given as a percentage of excreted Gd over the total ingested dose. The method was validated by comparing the results obtained with the established methodology based on the lactulose/mannitol and sucralose tests. For ProHance and Magnevist, the excreted amounts in the severe stage of damage were 2.5–3 times higher than in control mice. At the recovery stage, no significant differences were observed with respect to healthy mice. Overall, a very good correlation with the lactulose/mannitol and sucralose results was obtained. In the case of MultiHance, the percentage of excreted Gd complex was not significantly different from that of control mice in either the severe or recovery stages. The difference from ProHance and Magnevist was explained on the basis of the (known) partial biliary excretion of MultiHance in mice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献