应用改进的眼震图检查先天性眼球震颤

目的评价改进后的眼震图对先天性眼球震颤波形的分析,为其手术治疗提供较为精确的量化标准.方法改进电生理仪的视网膜电图(EOG)程序,分别记录68例患者33cm原在位、右5°、10°、15°、20°,左5°、10°、15°、20°,3m原在位及闭眼的波形,并对其中28例手术患者术前和术后的眼震图进行比较.结果68例患者中,跳动型48例,其中水平跳动46例,垂直跳动2例;水平钟摆型20例.跳动型中,有代偿头位的40例,钟摆型无明显代偿头位.28例手术患者中,水平跳动型26例,水平钟摆型2例.26例跳动型患者均有中间位和代偿头位.术后20例代偿头位消失,6例代偿头位在左5°～10°.按震频、振幅、震强的分组中,处于中等震频、振幅、震强范围内的多见.结论改进的眼震图可以对眼震的振幅、震频、震强、中间位进行量化的检测,从而指导其治疗.     

In vitro and in vivo antifungal activities of the eight steroid saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. with potent activity against fluconazole-resistant fungal pathogens

Antifungal activity of natural products is being studied widely. Saponins are known to be antifungal and antibacterial. We have isolated eight steroid saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. , namely TTS-8, TTS-9, TTS-10, TTS-11, TTS-12, TTS-13, TTS-14 and TTS-15. TTS-12 and TTS-15 were identified as tigogenin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl（1→ 2）-[-β-D-xylopyranosyl（ 1 → 3 ） 3-β- D-glucopyranosyl （ 1 → 4 ）- 1- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl （ 1 → 2 ） 3-β-D-galactopyranoside and tigogenin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranpyranosyl（1→2）-[-β-D-xylopyranosyl（1→ 3）3-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D-galactopyranoside, respectively. The in vitro antifungal activities of the eight saponins against six fluconazole-resistant yeasts, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida para psilosis , Candida tropicalis , Candida krusei , and Cryptococcus neo f ormans were studied using microbroth dilution assay. The results showed that TTS-12 and TTS-15 were very effective against several pathogenic candidal species and C. neoformans in vitro. It is noteworthy that TTS-12 and TTS-15 were very active against fluconazole-resistant C. albicans （MIC80 = 4.4, 9.4 mg/ml）, C. neoformans （MIC80 =10.7, 18.7 mg/ml） and inherently resistant C. krusei （MIC80 =8.8, 18.4 mg/ml）. So in vivo activity of TTS-12 in a vaginal infection model with fluconazole-resistant C. albicans was studied in particular. Our studies revealed TTS-12 also showed in vivo activities against fluconazole-resistant yeasts. In conclusion, steroid saponins TTS-12 and TTS-15 from Tribulus terrestris L. have significant in vitro antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant fungi, especially TTS-12 also showed in vivo activity against fluconazole-resistant C. albicans.     

Impact of acute left ventricular apical thrombus on cardioversion for atrial fibrillation

Among patients undergoing cardioversion for atrial fibrillation, the presence of left ventricular thrombus is a relatively uncommon and challenging clinical dilemma. While left atrial appendage thrombus is a contraindication to cardioversion, there is paucity of data regarding the safety of cardioversion in with the presence of left ventricular apical thrombus. Also, thrombus characteristics such as protrusion and mobility on echocardiography are known risk factors for systemic embolism. In this article, we present a case highlighting the management of atrial fibrillation in the setting of left ventricular dysfunction, acute heart failure, and echocardiographic evidence of acute left ventricular apical thrombus.     

Aging-like Spontaneous Epigenetic Silencing Facilitates Wnt Activation,Stemness, and BrafV600E-Induced Tumorigenesis

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