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991.
Shiori Suzuki Yuko Takeoka Masahiro Rikukawa Masahiro Yoshizawa-Fujita 《RSC advances》2018,8(26):14623
The conversion of cellulose into valuable chemicals has attracted much attention, due to the concern about depletion of fossil fuels. The hydrolysis of cellulose is a key step in this conversion, for which Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (BAILs) have been considered promising acid catalysts. In this study, using BAILs with various structures, their acidic catalytic activity for cellulose hydrolysis assisted by microwave irradiation was assessed using the Hammett acidity function (H0) and theoretical calculations. The glucose yields exceeded 10% when the H0 values of the BAIL aqueous solutions were below 1.5. The highest glucose yield was about 36% in 1-(1-octyl-3-imidazolio)propane-3-sulfonate (Oimps)/sulfuric acid (H2SO4) aqueous solution. A long alkyl side chain on the imidazolium cation, which increased the hydrophobicity of the BAILs, enhanced the glucose yield.Using Brønsted acidic ionic liquids with various structures, their acidic catalytic activity for cellulose hydrolysis assisted by microwave irradiation was assessed using the Hammett acidity function (H0) and theoretical calculations. 相似文献
992.
993.
Yuya Yoshimoto Takahiro Oike Noriyuki Okonogi Yoshiyuki Suzuki Ken Ando Hiro Sato Shin-ei Noda Mayu Isono Kousaku Mimura Koji Kono Takashi Nakano 《Journal of radiation research》2015,56(3):509-514
X-ray radiotherapy activates tumor antigen-specific T-cell responses, and increases in the serum levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) induced by X-ray irradiation play a pivotal role in activating anti-tumor immunity. Here, we examined whether carbon-ion beams, as well as X-rays, can induce HMGB1 release from human cancer cell lines. The study examined five human cancer cell lines: TE2, KYSE70, A549, NCI-H460 and WiDr. The proportion of cells surviving X- or carbon-ion beam irradiation was assessed in a clonogenic assay. The D10, the dose at which 10% of cells survive, was calculated using a linear–quadratic model. HMGB1 levels in the culture supernatants were assessed by an ELISA. The D10 dose for X-rays in TE2, KYSE70, A549, NCI-H460 and WiDr cells was 2.1, 6.7, 8.0, 4.8 and 7.1 Gy, respectively, whereas that for carbon-ion beams was 0.9, 2.5, 2.7, 1.8 and 3.5 Gy, respectively. X-rays and carbon-ion beams significantly increased HMGB1 levels in the culture supernatants of A549, NCI-H460 and WiDr cells at 72 h post-irradiation with a D10 dose. Furthermore, irradiation with X-rays or carbon-ion beams significantly increased HMGB1 levels in the culture supernatants of all five cell lines at 96 h post-irradiation. There was no significant difference in the amount of HMGB1 induced by X-rays and carbon-ion beams at any time-point (except at 96 h for NCI-H460 cells); thus we conclude that comparable levels of HMGB1 were detected after irradiation with iso-survival doses of X-rays and carbon-ion beams. 相似文献
994.
Hideto Suzuki Wakako Hikiji Takanobu Tanifuji Nobuyuki Abe Tatsushige Fukunaga 《Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association》2015,25(2):126-132
Background
Sudden bath-related deaths occur frequently in Japan, particularly among elderly people. However, the precise mechanism of bath-related death remains uncertain, and effective prevention strategies have not been established.Methods
Cases of bath-related deaths (n = 3289) were selected from all cases handled by the Tokyo Medical Examiner’s Office from 2009 to 2011 (N = 41 336). The ages and occurrence dates were examined, and major autopsy findings, including toxicological analysis, were evaluated for the autopsied cases (n = 550).Results
Most cases occurred in individuals older than 60 years of age during winter. Analysis of autopsy findings revealed water inhalation signs in many cases (n = 435, 79.1%). Circulatory system diseases constituted more than half of the pathological findings regarding factors that may have contributed significantly to death (n = 300, 54.5%), and cardiac lesions were the most common pathological finding (n = 250, 45.5%). However, approximately one-third of the cases exhibited no remarkable pathological findings (n = 198, 36.0%). A quarter of all cases involved blood ethanol levels that exceeded 0.5 mg/mL (n = 140).Conclusions
The results suggested that drowning plays an important role in the final process of bath-related death. Circulatory system diseases may be the primary underlying pathology; however, there were variations in the medical histories and pathologies of cases of bath-related death. From a preventive perspective, family members should pay attention to elderly people with circulatory system diseases during bathing, particularly in winter. Additionally, the notion that ill or inebriated individuals should not take baths should be reinforced.Key words: bath-related death, sudden death, forensic autopsy, medical examiner 相似文献995.
996.
Katsuyoshi?Suzuki Naomi?Otsuka Hiroko?Hizaki Masayo?Hashimoto Yasuaki?Kuwayama On behalf of the Tafluprost/Timolol Versus Latanoprost/Timolol Study Group 《Advances in therapy》2018,35(6):796-808
Introduction
This was the first exploratory randomized controlled study to compare the efficacy and safety of a preserved tafluprost/timolol fixed combination (TAF/TIM) with a preserved latanoprost/timolol fixed combination (LAT/TIM).Methods
This prospective, randomized, open-label study was conducted in Japanese patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, including normal-tension glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Following a 4-week LAT/TIM run-in period, eligible patients entered a 12-week treatment period, during which they received either LAT/TIM or TAF/TIM. The efficacy endpoint was the change in intraocular pressure (IOP) from baseline to week 12 and the safety endpoints included the changes from baseline to week 12 in superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK) score, tear breakup time (TBUT), and hyperemia score, as well as adverse events (AEs). At week 6, ocular symptoms were evaluated using a questionnaire.Results
In total, 131 patients provided informed consent. Of these, 115 completed the run-in period and were assigned to receive TAF/TIM (n?=?60) or LAT/TIM (n?=?55). At week 12, there were no significant differences between the TAF/TIM and LAT/TIM groups in the change from baseline in trough IOP and IOP at 4–6 h after instillation. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the change from baseline to week 12 in SPK score, TBUT, and hyperemia score. However, only in the TAF/TIM group, the total SPK score and the inferior cornea SPK score were significantly lower at week 12 compared with baseline. Eye irritation and eye pain were significantly decreased in the TAF/TIM group compared with the LAT/TIM group. Two treatment-related AEs were reported in the TAF/TIM group (3.3%) and none in the LAT/TIM group, while no serious AEs were reported in either group.Conclusion
TAF/TIM is as effective as LAT/TIM in terms of IOP-reducing effect, with fewer ocular symptoms. TAF/TIM was associated with a significant improvement in SPK scores.Trial Registration
UMIN Clinical Trials Registry Identifier, UMIN000023862.Funding
Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.997.
998.
Quantitative evaluation of the pulmonary microdistribution of TiO2 nanoparticles using X‐ray fluorescence microscopy after intratracheal administration with a microsprayer in rats
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Guihua Zhang Naohide Shinohara Hirokazu Kano Hideki Senoh Masaaki Suzuki Takeshi Sasaki Shoji Fukushima Masashi Gamo 《Journal of applied toxicology : JAT》2015,35(6):623-630
The unevenness of pulmonary nanoparticle (NP) distribution, which hinders the establishment of an absolute dose–response relationship, has been described as one of the limitations of intratracheal administration techniques for toxicological assessment of inhaled NPs. Quantification of the NP microdistribution would facilitate the establishment of a concentration–response relationship in localized regions of the lung; however, such quantitative methods have not been reported. Here, we established a quantitative method for evaluating pulmonary TiO2 NP microdistribution in rats using X‐ray fluorescence microscopy. Ti intensity in lung sections from rats intratracheally administered 10 mg kg–1 TiO2 NPs with a microsprayer was measured using X‐ray fluorescence with a 100 µm beam size. Ti reference samples were prepared by dropping different concentrations of Ti solutions on glass slide or lung sections of untreated rat. Ti intensity increased linearly with Ti content in the reference samples on both substrates. The detection limit of TiO2 was estimated to be 6.3 ng mm–2. The reproducibility was confirmed for measurements done in the short‐ (2 weeks) and long‐term (6 months). The quantitative results of TiO2 NP microdistribution suggested that more TiO2 NPs were distributed in the right caudal and accessory lobes, which are located downstream of the administration direction of the NP suspension, and the lower portion of each lobe. The detection rates of TiO2 NPs were 16.6–25.0%, 5.19–15.6%, 28.6–39.2%, 21.4–38.7% and 10.6–23.2% for lung sections from the right cranial, middle, caudal, accessory and left lobes, respectively. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
999.
1000.
Jain Divyanu Oda Tomoaki Kawai Kenta Horikoshi Yoshimasa Matsumoto Masako Narumi Megumi Kohmura-Kobayashi Yukiko Furuta-Isomura Naomi Yaguchi Chizuko Uchida Toshiyuki Suzuki Kazunao Kanayama Naohiro Itoh Hiroaki Tamura Naoaki 《Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis》2022,53(1):208-212
Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. We previously reported that possible contamination of amniotic fluid... 相似文献