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101.
Junko Ueshima Ryo Momosaki Akio Shimizu Keiko Motokawa Mika Sonoi Yuka Shirai Chiharu Uno Yoji Kokura Midori Shimizu Ai Nishiyama Daisuke Moriyama Kaori Yamamoto Kotomi Sakai 《Nutrients》2021,13(3)
Malnutrition negatively affects the quality of life of patients with dysphagia. Despite the need for nutritional status assessment in patients with dysphagia, standard, effective nutritional assessments are not yet available, and the identification of optimal nutritional assessment items for patients with dysphagia is inadequate. We conducted a scoping review of the use of nutritional assessment items in adult patients with oropharyngeal and esophageal dysphagia. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched to identify articles published in English within the last 30 years. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Seven nutritional assessment categories were identified: body mass index (BMI), nutritional screening tool, anthropometric measurements, body composition, dietary assessment, blood biomarkers, and other. BMI and albumin were more commonly assessed in adults. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM), defining new diagnostic criteria for malnutrition, includes the categories of BMI, nutritional screening tool, anthropometric measurements, body composition, and dietary assessment as its required components, but not the blood biomarkers and the “other” categories. We recommend assessing nutritional status, including GLIM criteria, in adult patients with dysphagia. This would standardize nutritional assessments in patients with dysphagia and allow future global comparisons of the prevalence and outcomes of malnutrition, as well as of appropriate interventions. 相似文献
102.
Probiotics have been suggested to be effective for functional dyspepsia, but their effect on gastric motility is not clear. We evaluated the effect of Lactobacillus gasseri OLL2716 (LG21 strain) on mild to moderate delayed gastric emptying by a double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Participants (n = 28) were randomly assigned to ingest LG21 strain-containing yogurt (LG21 strain group) or LG21 strain-free yogurt (placebo group) for 12 weeks. The 13C gastric emptying breath test was performed to measure the gastric emptying rate over time following ingestion of a liquid meal, and the time to reach the peak (Tmax) was used as an indicator of gastric emptying. We also measured the salivary amylase concentration, an indicator of autonomic dysfunction under stress. The per-protocol population (n = 27, male n = 4, female n = 23) was evaluated for efficacy. When a ≥30% reduction in the difference between participant’s Tmax and the Japanese mean Tmax was defined as an improvement, the odds ratio of improvement in delayed gastric emptying compared to placebo after 12 weeks was 4.1 (95% confidence interval, 0.8 to 20.2). Moreover, salivary amylase concentrations were significantly lower than in the placebo group, indicating an improvement in autonomic function. The present data were not enough to support the beneficial effects of the LG21 strain on delayed gastric emptying. However, if we define the odds ratio in further study investigated with a larger number of participants, LG21 strain might be expected to have some impact on delayed gastric emptying. 相似文献
103.
Wada Takehiko Ishimoto Takuji Nakaya Izaya Kawaguchi Takehiko Sofue Tadashi Shimizu Sayaka Kurita Noriaki Sasaki Sho Nishiwaki Hiroki Koizumi Masahiro Saito Shoji Nishibori Nobuhiro Oe Yuji Yoshida Mai Miyaoka Yoshitaka Akiyama Shin’ichi Itano Yuya Okazaki Masaki Ozeki Takaya Ichikawa Daisuke Oguchi Hideyo Kohsaka Satoshi Kosaka Shiho Kataoka Yuki Shima Hideaki Shirai Sayuri Sugiyama Kazuhiro Suzuki Tomo Son Daisuke Tanaka Tomomi Nango Eishu Niihata Kakuya Nishijima Yoko Nozu Kandai Hasegawa Midori Miyata Rei Yazawa Masahiko Yamamoto Yoshihiro Yamamoto Ryohei Shibagaki Yugo Furuichi Kengo Okada Hirokazu Narita Ichiei 《Clinical and experimental nephrology》2021,25(12):1277-1285
Clinical and Experimental Nephrology - 相似文献
104.
105.
Toshihiro Kawamoto Koji Matsuno Keiichi Arashidani Masahiro Yoshikawa Fujio Kayama Yasushi Kodama 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》1993,25(4):534-538
The personal exposure to NO2 generated from various heaters and cooking stoves were studied, using 85 university students. The students attached NO2 filter badges to their chests or collars and wrote down the period of time for heating and cooking for 1 week. Types of heaters and smoking habits were described through a questionnaire. The urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (HOP/C) was examined as a biomarker for health effects. The outdoor NO2 concentration during the study period was 13.5–13.7 g/m3. Smoking and the usage of electric heaters did not affect the exposure to NO2. Exposure increased according to the length of time kerosene heaters or oil fan heaters were used. The NO2 concentration during the heating by a kerosene heater and an oil fan heater was calculated to be 219 and 474 g/m3, respectively. The correlation between the period of cooking and personal exposure was also observed. The NO2 levels during cooking were calculated to be 290 g/m3. Using these calculated values of NO2 concentration, it is possible to presume the personal exposure levels from the length of time heaters and cooking stoves are used even if the subjects do not attach the filter badges. Neither smoking nor exposure to NO2 were associated with the increase of urinary HOP/C. 相似文献
106.
Great horovement haS been made in the cryopreservation Of inalnlnalian elnbmp since wnttingham['] reported his Pioneering wold about successful cryOPreservationof mouse embryo. It results in the availability of cryOPreserVation of embryos of all stages[']. HOwever, cryopreserved embryos can not avoid the damages by ice crystal,which is a major cause of cen death in the freezing andthawing ProceduresL',']. SO it is necesseq to seareh for anew and more efficient method for embryO cryOPrese… 相似文献
107.
Ohta T Fukuda M Arima K Kawamoto H Hashizume R Arimura T Yamaguchi S 《Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)》1997,4(1):17-24
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases may reflect the status of cell proliferation in cancer tissues. The authors sought to
determine whether cdc2 and cyclin D1 are expressed in breast cancer and are useful as prognostic factors. Accumulation of
cdc2 and cyclin D1 proteins was examined in 88 cases of breast cancer using immunoblotting techniques and correlations with
clinicopathological factors and prognoses were investigated. Cdc2 and cyclin D1 proteins were observed in 27.3% and 75.0%
of breast cancers studied, respectively. The incidence of lymph node metastasis was significantly high in cdc2/cyclin D1-double
positive group and low in double negative group. On the other hand, the incidence of estrogen receptor (ER) negative cases
was significantly higher in the cdc2-positive/cyclin D1-negative group. Relapse-free survival times of cdc2-positive cases
were significantly shorter than those of cdc2-negative cases. The relapse-free survival times of cyclin D1-positive cases
also tended to be poorer than those of cyclin D1-negative cases. Multivariate analyses revealed cdc2 as the second most significant
of the prognostic variables, following lymph node status. The three-year relapse-free survival rate of cdc2/cyclin D1-double
positive cases was 58.9%, whereas that of cdc2/cyclin D1-double negative cases was 100%. Cdc2 and cyclin D1 represent the
status of cell proliferation in breast cancer, and may be useful in breast cancer assessment. 相似文献
108.
Expression of P-glycoprotein (pgp) was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody JSB-1 in 145 frozen specimens (67 were samples of normal colorectal mucosa from sites adjacent to the tumor, 66 were colorectal carcinomas, 5 colorectal polyps, 5 metastatic lymph nodes, and 2 samples of metastatic liver tumors) of 67 patients with colorectal carcinoma and polyps. All 72 specimens of normal colorectal mucosa and adenomatous polyps expressed pgp to various degrees. By contrast, 18 of 39 (46.2%) samples from cases of well differentiated adenocarcinoma were positive for pgp but only 3 of 21 (14.3%) samples from cases of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and none of the 4 samples from cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma were positive for pgp. There was no correlation between the clinicopathological stage of colorectal carcinoma and the expression of pgp. These findings indicate that the expression of P-glycoprotein is closely related to the differentiation of cells. In normal colorectal epithelium, pgp was expressed normally and in well differentiated adenocarcinomas, pgp was still expressed. However, expression of pgp was no longer detectable in carcinomas with moderate or poor differentiation. 相似文献
109.
Growth of Escherichia coli in propofol, lidocaine, and mixtures of propofol and lidocaine 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BACKGROUND: Microorganisms grow rapidly in propofol. Extrinsic contamination of propofol is thought to be a source of postoperative sepsis and wound infection. We studied growth of a strain of Escherichia coli in thiopental, propofol, lidocaine, and mixtures of propofol and lidocaine. METHODS: The pathogen was exposed to 2.5% thiopental; 1.0% propofol; 1.0%, 2.0% and 4.0% preservative-free lidocaine; and propofol solutions containing 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, or 4.0% lidocaine for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, and 24 h at room temperature, respectively. The inocula from these suspensions were cultured for 48 h at 37 degrees C after the antimicrobial activity of the local anesthetics in the inocula was inactivated by a 1:1000 dilution with distilled water. RESULTS: No organisms grew after exposure to 2.5% thiopental. The exposure of E. coli to propofol increased the colony count to approximately 90 times the control count. The colony counts of E. coli after exposure to 1.0%, 2.0% and 4.0% lidocaine and 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 4.0% lidocaine in 1.0% propofol were lower than the counts after exposure to 1.0% propofol (P = 0.0048, 0.0027, 0.0003, 0.0503, 0.0188, 0.0080, 0.0044, and 0.0001, respectively). The growth rate of the microorganism was significantly higher in cultures exposed to 1.0% propofol than that in cultures exposed to lidocaine alone or lidocaine-propofol mixtures (P < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION: Lidocaine possesses bacteriostatic activity against E. coli. Addition of lidocaine to propofol confers its bacteriostatic activity to the mixture and may decrease the hazard of infection associated with the extrinsic contamination of propofol. 相似文献
110.