全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5413篇 |
免费 | 328篇 |
国内免费 | 25篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 88篇 |
儿科学 | 127篇 |
妇产科学 | 140篇 |
基础医学 | 1071篇 |
口腔科学 | 137篇 |
临床医学 | 436篇 |
内科学 | 848篇 |
皮肤病学 | 105篇 |
神经病学 | 512篇 |
特种医学 | 181篇 |
外科学 | 691篇 |
综合类 | 29篇 |
预防医学 | 427篇 |
眼科学 | 102篇 |
药学 | 607篇 |
中国医学 | 32篇 |
肿瘤学 | 233篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 48篇 |
2022年 | 68篇 |
2021年 | 114篇 |
2020年 | 89篇 |
2019年 | 144篇 |
2018年 | 251篇 |
2017年 | 206篇 |
2016年 | 245篇 |
2015年 | 223篇 |
2014年 | 276篇 |
2013年 | 483篇 |
2012年 | 621篇 |
2011年 | 651篇 |
2010年 | 388篇 |
2009年 | 185篇 |
2008年 | 153篇 |
2007年 | 148篇 |
2006年 | 135篇 |
2005年 | 81篇 |
2004年 | 63篇 |
2003年 | 61篇 |
2002年 | 46篇 |
2001年 | 48篇 |
2000年 | 48篇 |
1999年 | 51篇 |
1998年 | 35篇 |
1997年 | 38篇 |
1996年 | 30篇 |
1995年 | 37篇 |
1994年 | 31篇 |
1993年 | 20篇 |
1992年 | 28篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 25篇 |
1989年 | 21篇 |
1988年 | 29篇 |
1987年 | 18篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 33篇 |
1983年 | 29篇 |
1982年 | 33篇 |
1981年 | 28篇 |
1980年 | 24篇 |
1979年 | 24篇 |
1978年 | 25篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 24篇 |
1975年 | 22篇 |
1971年 | 17篇 |
1966年 | 16篇 |
排序方式: 共有5766条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
921.
Transcatheter Occlusion of Residual Patent Ductus Arteriosus After Surgical Ligation 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The reported frequency of residual leaks after surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) varies from 6% to 23%.
Reports on percutaneous closure of PDA also involve patients with residual PDA after ligation, but specific data regarding
this type of PDA are rare. Our objective was to assess retrospectively the characteristics of residual PDA relevant to transcatheter
closure and occlusion results using three types of occluders. Twelve consecutive patients underwent transcatheter occlusion
of residual PDA after surgical ligation at a median age of 4.6 years (range 3.2–44.6 years) and median weight 16.5 kg (range
13–62 kg). Three types of occluder were used: Gianturco coils, detachable Cook PDA coils, and the new Amplatzer duct occluder.
The median diameter of residual PDA after ligation was 1.5 mm (range 0.9–4.2 mm). All PDAs were of type A morphology. Thirteen
devices were successfully placed in the 12 patients, without embolization. There were no complications. At 1 month and 1 year
follow-up all residual shunts were completely closed. Coils are particularly suitable for complete closure of residual leaks
after surgical ligation of PDA. A 100% closure rate was achieved with a low number of implanted coils. 相似文献
922.
A. Mašera Zdenka Ovčak Gregor Mikuz 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1999,434(4):351-353
A primary angiosarcoma of the testis in a 74-year-old patient was a highly anaplastic epthelioid angiosarcoma, which was
positive for endothelial markers immunohistochemically. The tumour was unrelated to testicular germ cell neoplasm; the patient
had received no previous radiation or chemotherapy.
Received: 18 August 1998 / Accepted: 16 November 1998 相似文献
923.
Ivana Mikulandra Tomislav Jedna
ak Branimir Bertoa Jelena Parlov Vukovi Iva Kuec Predrag Novak 《Materials》2021,14(19)
The structure and interactions of several aminopropyl–azithromycin derivatives (1a–c) have been studied by using NMR spectroscopy and docking calculations. Compounds 1a–c are precursors in the synthesis of macrozones, novel bioactive azithromycin–thiosemicarbazone conjugates active against some resistant bacterial strains. Today, bacterial resistance is considered as one of the major threats to human health. Knowledge on drug binding mode and conformations is one of the key factors in the process of designing molecules to fight resistance. In solution state, compounds 1a and 1c exist in the 3-endo-folded-out conformation, while 1b adopts a classical folded-out conformation. 13C and 15N CPMAS NMR spectra pointed towards similar structures in the solid state. The transferred NOESY NMR spectra confirmed binding to the E. coli ribosome and suggest that dominant conformations in the bound state resemble those in the free one. STD experiments identified reactive groups of 1a–c in close contact with the ribosome resembling binding epitopes observed for the related 15-membered macrolides. Docking studies revealed that the studied compounds bind to the same ribosome binding pocket similarly to erythromycin in the crystal state, and that the binding is achieved through H-bonds and van der Waals interactions. The bound conformation is the same as determined by NMR. STD enhancements observed for methylene protons in the aminopropyl side chain indicate additional interactions which contribute to the overall binding energy. 相似文献
924.
Intrathecal Synthesis of Specific Antibodies in Patients with Invasion of the Central Nervous System by Mycoplasma pneumoniae 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
D. Benčina P. Dovč M. Mueller-Premru T. Avšič-Županc M. Sočan B. Beovič M. Arnež M. Narat 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2000,19(7):521-530
Mycoplasma pneumoniae commonly causes respiratory tract infections in humans, but it may also be associated with central nervous system manifestations.
The aim of the present study was to determine whether the cerebrospinal fluid taken from patients with neurologic symptoms
due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection contains specific antibodies and whether the detection of these antibodies can be used for diagnosis. Mycoplasma pneumoniae was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid taken from nine patients with central nervous system symptoms on admission to the
hospital. In addition, Mycoplasma pneumoniae was detected in cerebrospinal fluid using polymerase chain reaction in four other patients. Antibodies to Mycoplasma pneumoniae were detected using the enzyme immunosorbent assay, indirect immunoperoxidase assay and immunoblotting in cerebrospinal fluid
samples from 14 of 19 patients included in the study. The indirect immunoperoxidase assay showed high titers of Mycoplasma pneumoniae immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgM antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid samples of some patients with meningoencephalitis or meningitis. Titers of specific
IgA, IgG2 and IgG3 antibodies were lower, while specific IgG4 was not detectable. Cerebrospinal fluid samples with higher antibody titers also contained IgA, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgM antibodies that recognized the P1 adhesin (170 kDa protein) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. A comparison of antibody titers of concomitant serum/cerebrospinal fluid samples to Mycoplasma pneumoniae and those to measles virus by enzyme immunosorbent assay suggested the intrathecal synthesis of IgG and IgM antibodies to
Mycoplasma pneumoniae in patients with acute meningoencephalitis. Data from this study clearly reinforce previous findings that Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an etiologic agent of central nervous system infections in humans. 相似文献
925.
Žane Temova Rakuša PhD Anja Šenk BS Robert Roškar PhD 《Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology》2023,22(2):628-636
Background
Individual B vitamins have many favorable effects on the skin and are common cosmetic ingredients. However, their formulation is demanding due to stability issues, which consequently affect the products’ quality.Aims
We aimed to determine the quality (labeling accuracy, content determination, and content-related quality control) and stability under long-term and accelerated storage conditions of a representative sample of commercial cosmetics containing the most common B vitamins – nicotinamide, dexpanthenol, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin.Methods
Cyanocobalamin was determined by a previously published stability-indicating HPLC– diode array detector (DAD) method for the simultaneous determination of all hydrophilic vitamins. This method was additionally simplified and adjusted for the time-effective analysis of nicotinamide, dexpanthenol, and pyridoxine. Both methods were properly validated.Results
All labeled B vitamins were present in the 36 tested products, mostly in contents, reported effective on the skin. Thus, a straightforward correlation between vitamin contents and product prices were not observed. The content-related quality control of eight products, which quantitively specify their content, revealed significantly lower nicotinamide contents (47% and 57%) in two products and appropriate or higher nicotinamide (102%–112%) and dexpanthenol (100%–104%) contents than declared in the remaining products. The 6-month long-term and accelerated stability studies demonstrated the products’ physical stability, but also revealed dexpanthenol, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin degradation, while nicotinamide was mostly stable in the tested products.Conclusions
The obtained results provide an inside into the quality of commercial vitamin B cosmetics and highlight the importance of stability testing in the formulation of quality, efficient, and safe cosmetics. 相似文献926.
927.
H. Dobšíček Trefná M. Schmidt G. C. van Rhoon H. P. Kok S. S. Gordeyev U. Lamprecht 《International journal of hyperthermia》2019,36(1):277-294
Quality assurance (QA) guidelines are essential to provide uniform execution of clinical hyperthermia treatments and trials. This document outlines the clinical and technical consequences of the specific properties of interstitial heat delivery and specifies recommendations for hyperthermia administration with interstitial techniques. Interstitial hyperthermia aims at tumor temperatures in the 40–44?°C range as an adjunct to radiation or chemotherapy. The clinical part of this document imparts specific clinical experience of interstitial heat delivery to various tumor sites as well as recommended interstitial hyperthermia workflow and procedures. The second part describes technical requirements for quality assurance of current interstitial heating equipment including electromagnetic (radiative and capacitive) and ultrasound heating techniques. Detailed instructions are provided on characterization and documentation of the performance of interstitial hyperthermia applicators to achieve reproducible hyperthermia treatments of uniform high quality. Output power and consequent temperature rise are the key parameters for characterization of applicator performance in these QA guidelines. These characteristics determine the specific maximum tumor size and depth that can be heated adequately. The guidelines were developed by the ESHO Technical Committee with participation of senior STM members and members of the Atzelsberg Circle. 相似文献
928.
929.
Cristina Cadenas Sonja Vosbeck Karolina Edlund Katharina Grgas Katrin Madjar Birte Hellwig Alshaimaa Adawy Annika Glotzbach Joanna D. Stewart Michaela S. Lesjak Dennis Franckenstein Maren Claus Heiko Hayen Alexander Schriewer Kathrin Gianmoena Sonja Thaler Marcus Schmidt Patrick Micke Fredrik Pontén Adil Mardinoglu Cheng Zhang Heiko U. Käfferlein Carsten Watzl Saša Frank Jörg Rahnenführer Rosemarie Marchan Jan G. Hengstler 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2019,145(4):901-915
Endothelial lipase (LIPG) is a cell surface associated lipase that displays phospholipase A1 activity towards phosphatidylcholine present in high-density lipoproteins (HDL). LIPG was recently reported to be expressed in breast cancer and to support proliferation, tumourigenicity and metastasis. Here we show that severe oxidative stress leading to AMPK activation triggers LIPG upregulation, resulting in intracellular lipid droplet accumulation in breast cancer cells, which supports survival. Neutralizing oxidative stress abrogated LIPG upregulation and the concomitant lipid storage. In human breast cancer, high LIPG expression was observed in a limited subset of tumours and was significantly associated with shorter metastasis-free survival in node-negative, untreated patients. Moreover, expression of PLIN2 and TXNRD1 in these tumours indicated a link to lipid storage and oxidative stress. Altogether, our findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for LIPG in enabling oxidative stress-induced lipid droplet accumulation in tumour cells that protects against oxidative stress, and thus supports tumour progression. 相似文献
930.