Impact of multiple cardiovascular risk factors on femoral artery intima-media thickness in asymptomatic young adults (the Bogalusa Heart Study)

Femoral artery intima-media thickness (IMT), like carotid IMT, is a surrogate indicator of atherosclerotic coronary and peripheral vascular diseases in middle-aged and older adults. Although risk factors for coronary artery disease are also associated with increased IMT, especially as measured in carotid arteries, there is a paucity of information with respect to the femoral artery in this regard in the asymptomatic, younger adult population. This study examined the impact of multiple risk factors on the common femoral artery IMT as measured by B-mode ultrasonography in 1,080 black and white subjects aged 24 to 43 years (71% white and 43% men) enrolled in the Bogalusa Heart Study. Femoral IMT showed gender difference (men more than women, p = 0.001), but no racial difference. In a multivariate model, systolic blood pressure, age, male gender, cigarette smoking, and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios related independently, in that order, to IMT. Mean IMT increased with an increasing number of risk factors defined as values above the age-, race-, and gender-specific 75th percentile of systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and insulin along with smoking status (p for trend = 0.003), with respective mean IMT values of 0.66, 0.69, 0.73, and 0.79 mm for 0, 1 to 2, 3, and 4 to 5 risk factors. The odds ratio for patients with >/=3 risk factors versus no risk factors having IMT in the top fifth percentile was 4.7 (p = 0.01). The observed adverse trend of increasing femoral IMT with an increasing number of risk factors in free-living, asymptomatic young subjects underscores the need for multiple risk factors profiling in early life. Further, ultrasonography of the femoral artery in conjunction with multiple risk factor profiling can be helpful in risk stratification.     

Radioiodinated anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ferritin Targeting therapy,tumor imaging and anti-antibody response in HCC patients with hepatic arterial infusion

Summary Radioimmunoimaging and radioimmunotherapy with radioiodinated anti-(hepatocellular carcinoma ferritin) antibody (¹³¹I-or¹²⁵I-FtAb) have been applied in patients with primary liver cancer. A total of 41 patients with surgically unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and receiving hepatic artery ligation and cannulation during exploratory laparotomy were treated with this regimen by intrahepatic arterial infusion. Compared with the control group, a decline of serum -fetoprotein (65.7% versus 42.9%) and shrinkage of tumor (68.3% versus 33.9%) were observed in the treated group, and a higher second-look resection rate (31.7% versus 5.1%) and longer survival (1-year: 61.0% versus 37.3%, 3-year: 25.0% versus 6.9%) resulted. The administration of antibody through a hepatic arterial catheter (n=16) was compared with intravenous injection (n-17) in terms of the tumor-imaging sensitivity in 33 patients with liver cancer. The results indicated that hepatic arterial infusion was superior to intravenous injection. The sensitivity 7 days after the administration was 100% in the i.a. group and 76.5% in the i.v. group, the uptake ratio of tumor to liver being 1.74±0.57 in the former and 1.34±0.29 in the latter. Furthermore, intrahepatic arterial infusion revealed a lower anti-antibody detection rate than intravenous injection (0/14 versus 4/11).Abbreviations AFP -tetoprotein - FtAb ferritin antibody     

国产加贝酯治疗急性出血坏死性胰腺炎疗效观察

根据卫生部卫药发（１９９２）３５号文件，我们进行了开放、对照、多中心Ⅲ期临床研究，以探讨加贝酯对急性出血坏死性胰腺炎的疗效。共观察８５例，治疗组４９例，对照组３６例，我们发现：治疗组有效率为７４．２％，而对照组为３６．０％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；死亡率分别为４．１％与２２．２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；两组在缓解症状、消退体征与血淀粉酶恢复正常的有效率分别为７５．４％、７１．８％与８１．６％以及３８．８％、３６．０％与４４．４％（Ｐ＜０．０５，三者均同），两组在缓解症状、消退体征与血淀粉酶恢复正常的时间分别为５．４１±２．３８、５．７６±２．３２与４．５８±２．３９以及７．１１±２．４７、７．５５±２．４８与７．５８±１．９５日（Ｐ＜０．０５三者均同）。治疗后血象、肝、肾功能无明显改变。以上表明：本品对急性出血坏死性胰腺炎的治疗安全可靠，有迅速缓解临床症状、降低死亡率与提高存活率之效。     

Prospective study reveals a microbiome signature that predicts the occurrence of post-operative enterocolitis in Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) patients

ABSTRACT

Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a birth defect with an approximate incidence of 1/5,000 live births, and up to one-third of HSCR patients develop Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC), the leading cause of HSCR-related death. Very little is known about the pathogenesis, prevention, and early diagnosis of HAEC. Here, we used a prospective study to investigate the enteric microbiome composition at the time of surgery as a predictor for developing postoperative HAEC. We identified a microbiome signature containing 21 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that can potentially predict postoperative HAEC with ~85% accuracy. Furthermore, we identified exclusive breastfeeding as a novel protective factor for total HAEC (i.e., preoperative and postoperative HAEC combined). In addition, we discovered that breastfeeding was associated with a lowered risk for HAEC potentially mediated by modulating the gut microbiome composition characterized by a lower abundance of Gram-negative bacteria and lower LPS concentrations. In conclusion, modulating the gut microbiome by encouraging breastfeeding might prevent HAEC progression in HSCR patients.     

Hypotensive Effects and Mechanisms of Adrenomedullin(13-52)

Adrenomedul1in(AdM)isarecentlydescribed52aminoacidpeptidepresentintheplasmaofnormalman[l1,AdMwasinitiallyisolatedfrompheochromocytomatissueandhasbeenfoundtobesynthesizedbyavarietyoforgansystemsincludingthekidney,adrenalgland,1ung,heartandspleen[="j.Whenadministeredasbolusinjectionsintoanormotensiverat,humanAdMdecreasedb1oodpressure['.'.']andsystemicvascularre-sistance[5].BasedontheseobservationslitwasconcludedthatAdMmayplayanimportantroleinb1oodpressurecontro1[l].However,theeffectsofAdMonh…     

Multidrug resistance reversal in human gastric carcinoma cells by neferine

AIIVI: To investigate the reversal effect of neferine on multidrug resistance in human gastric carcinoma cell line. METHODS: Cells of a human gastric cancer cells line, SGC7901, and its vincristine (VCR) -resistant variant, SGC7901/VCR, were cultivated with or without neferine and/or VCR. The cytotoxic effect of VCR was evaluated by the MTT assay. Cell apoptosis induced by VCR was determined by flow cytometry(FCM). The expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and a multidrug-resistance-associated protein (MRP) in cells was examined by immunofluorescence and FCM. RESULTS: Neferine at the concentration from 2.5 μmol/L to 10 μmol/L had no cytotoxicity to SGC7901 cells, and its variant SGC7901/VCR cells. The ICso of VCR against SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR cells was 0.059 μg/mL and 2.32 μg/mL, respectively, indicating that SGC7901/VCR cells were 39 times more resistant to VCR than its parent SGC7 901 cells. After treatment with neferine at concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10 μmol/L, the IC50 of VCR to SGC7901/VCR cell line decreased to 0.340, 0.128 and 0.053 μg/mL, respectively,thus, increased the chemosensitivity by 6.8-, 18.1- and 43.8-fold, respectively. SGC7901/VCR cells were apoptosis resistant to VCR. Neferine (2.5, 5 and 10 μmol/L) promoted the VCR-induced apoptosis of SGC7901/VCR cells in a dosedependent manner. The expressions of P-gp and MRP were strongly positive in SGC7901/VCR cells, which were significantly down-regulated after treatment with neferine (10 μmol/L)for 24 h. CONCLUSION: Neferine reverses multidrug resistance of human gastric carcinoma SGC7901/VCR cells, which may be associated with the down-regulations of P-gp and MRP expression in SGC701/VCR cells.     

Anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva: disabling angina and syncope with noninterarterial courses case report of two patients

Anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva or the right coronary artery is a rare coronary anomaly. This anomaly has been associated with sudden cardiac death in younger patients, depending on its course relative to the pulmonary artery. The authors report this rare anomaly in two patients. It presented as unstable angina in the first patient with a septal course. In the second patient, it presented as syncope with an anterior free wall course and absent left circumflex artery. A septal course causing unstable angina has not been reported previously.     

风湿性心脏瓣膜病慢性心房颤动患者白细胞介素-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α蛋白表达的研究

目的 观察风湿性心脏瓣膜病慢性心房颤动(房颤)患右心耳白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)蛋白表达的改变。方法将48例接受心脏外科手术的风湿性瓣膜病患于术中获取的右心耳分为两组,其中窦性心律组27例,慢性房颤组21例,采用病理学检查评价心房组织炎症细胞浸润和纤维化,采用免疫组织化学检查评价IL-1β和TNF-α蛋白表达的变化。结果慢性房颤患心房组织有显的纤维化,而且其心房肌细胞IL-1β和TNF-α的表达强度也显大于窦性心律组。结论风湿性心脏瓣膜病慢性房颤患心房组织IL-1β和TNF-α蛋白的表达显增加。炎症反应可能是风湿性心脏瓣膜病慢性房颤患房颤发生和维持的机制之一。