Versorgungssituation von Kindern,Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen mit sexuellen Gewalterfahrungen in Deutschland

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz - In Deutschland ist seit 2010 die Auseinandersetzung um sexuelle Gewalterfahrungen, auch über die umfangreichen...     

New and established treatment options for mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome – an update

At the time of diagnosis primary cutaneous lymphomas are limited to the skin. T‐cell lymphomas represent at least two thirds of all primary cutaneous lymphomas with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome being the most frequent entities. A precise staging based on clinical, histological, immunohistological and molecular biological criteria is crucial for selecting the appropriate therapy. Since curative treatment is only possible in exceptional cases, the aim of any therapy is to achieve healing of the skin lesions, minimizing relapses, preventing progression and maintaining the quality of life. While in early disease stages skin‐directed therapy is being used, in later stages systemic treatments become more important. This work aims to provide an overview of established and new therapies for the treatment of mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome.     

In vitro study methodologies to investigate genetic aspects and effects of drugs used in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents, with up to 5 % affected worldwide. Twin and family studies on ADHD show its high familiality with heritability estimated around 70 %, but, to date, no specific polymorphism or gene was found to be specifically affected. Psychostimulants (amphetamine, methylphenidate) and non-psychostimulants (atomoxetine) are used successfully in ADHD therapy, but many of their mechanisms of action and their adverse effects are not yet fully understood. Therefore, both genetic findings and therapeutic interventions should be further investigated. One easy platform for such studies is in vitro analyses, which encompass neuronal cell culture studies, transfections of genetic constructs, binding and electrophysiology analyses. In this review, different methods will be referred in particular to ADHD findings, and new techniques will be mentioned for future studies of drug or genetic effects in vitro.     

Good preservation of initial mechanical properties in lipid-extracted,disinfected, freeze-dried sheep patellar tendon grafts

Patellar tendon allografts can be used for anterior cruciate reconstruction to avoid morbidity of autografts on the donor side. Secondary processing of allografts is important for reducing immunological reactions, bacterial contamination and improving storage. We analyzed the effects of processing on the mechanical properties of patellar tendon grafts in 20 sheep. Group I (n= 10) was deep-frozen at -80C. Group II (n=10) was processed by a lipid extraction/freeze-drying method, including iodoacetic acid disinfection. The contralateral tendons, freeze-dried by dehydration in a vacuum at -50C for 3 hours, served as controls. We measured failure stress: group I (53, SD 14 MPa), control (26, SD 15 MPa) (p=0.04); group II (49, SD 13 MPa), control (28, SD 5 MPa) (p=0.08). Failure strain, normalized stiffness, and energy to failure were similar in the groups. Our method of extended processing did not change the properties of the deep-frozen patellar tendons. Therefore in vivo experiments can be used when studying the effects of transplantation on mechanical properties.