Uncooked rice of relatively low gelatinization degree resulted in lower metabolic glucose and insulin responses compared with cooked rice in female college students

Cooking processes that gelatinize granules or disrupt structure might increase the glucose and insulin responses because a disruption of the structure of starch by gelatinization increases its availability for digestion and absorption in the small intestine. We hypothesized that the uncooked form of rice, which has a relatively low degree of gelatinization even though in powder form, would result in lower metabolic glucose and insulin responses compared with cooked rice (CR). To assess the effects of the gelatinization of rice on metabolic response of glucose and insulin, we investigated the glucose and insulin responses to 3 rice meals of different gelatinization degree in female college students (n = 12): CR (76.9% gelatinized), uncooked rice powder (UP; 3.5% gelatinized), and uncooked freeze-dried rice powder (UFP; 5.4% gelatinized). Uncooked rice powders (UP and UFP) induced lower glucose and insulin responses compared with CR. The relatively low gelatinization degree of UPs resulted in low metabolic responses in terms of the glycemic index (CR: 72.4% vs UP: 49.7%, UFP: 59.8%) and insulin index (CR: 94.8% vs UP: 74.4%, UFP: 68.0%). In summary, UPs that were less gelatinized than CR induced low postprandial glucose and insulin responses.     

絮凝剂产生菌Diaphorobacter Z-052的发酵研究

从污水处理厂活性污泥中筛选出1株有絮凝活性的细菌Z-052，经分子生物学鉴定为Di-aphorobacter属。对Z-052产絮凝剂的发酵条件进行了优化。研究结果表明，在优化培养基中，于30℃培养72h，其发酵液对4g／L高岭土悬液的絮凝活性可达93．2％。Z-052絮凝剂对活性炭、土壤、酵母等固体颗粒悬液的絮凝活性分别达到95．1％、80．4％和72．4％。     

Inhibitory effects of benzoate on chiral inversion and clearance of N(G)-nitro-arginine in conscious rats.

N(G)-nitro-arginine (NNA) is known to exhibit stereoselective pharmacokinetics in which N(G)-nitro-d-arginine (d-NNA) has a faster clearance rate than N(G)-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA) in anesthetized rats, and d-NNA undergoes unidirectional chiral inversion. It was postulated that chiral inversion of d-NNA was performed in a two-step pathway by d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) followed by an unidentified transaminase. Such chiral inversion contributes (at least partially) to the pharmacokinetic stereoselectivity of NNA. This study used the selective inhibitor of DAAO, sodium benzoate, to test the above hypothesis. An i.v. bolus injection of d-NNA (32 mg/kg) and l-NNA (16 mg/kg) in conscious rats exhibited biphasic disposition with different pharmacokinetic parameters in a stereospecific manner (approximately 5-10-fold differences). Unidirectional chiral inversion of d-NNA but not l-NNA was found from these animals. In addition to its similar inhibitory effects on the d-NNA conversion and DAAO activity in kidney homogenates, sodium benzoate completely blocked chiral inversion of d-NNA and led to a smaller stereospecific difference, reflected by a nearly 50% reduction of d-NNA clearance and a 2-fold increase in t(1/2) and area under the curve of d-NNA in benzoate-pretreated rats. The results suggest that DAAO plays an essential role in chiral inversion of d-NNA and chiral inversion contributes mostly to the pharmacokinetic stereospecificity of NNA.     

原发性软骨肉瘤CT诊断2例

软骨肉瘤的X线诊断已有较多研究,但软骨肉瘤的CT诊断较少研究,为此,提供经穿刺活检病理证实的软骨肉瘤2例,以提高对软骨肉瘤的CT诊断水平。病例1男,52岁。左肩关节疼痛、活动受限10年余,加重半年。查体:左肩关节活动受限、僵直,不能抬举。实验室检查:碱性磷酸酶增高。CT表现:左肱骨、干骺端骨质破坏,病变上下连续约6·0cm,中心呈大囊状,周围呈小囊状,破坏区中见1·5cm×1·5cm的不规则高密度灶,肱骨外侧骨皮质不连续,向周围软组织侵犯,形成软组织肿块,肿块内钙化灶呈斑块状。无骨膜反应,肩关节间隙可,关节面未见侵犯(图1)。CT诊断:①左…     

CT导向下125I种子源植入治疗恶性肿瘤

目的:探讨CT导向下125I种子源植入治疗恶性肿瘤的安全性及临床疗效。方法:11例患者14个病灶行CT导向下125I种子源植入,其中原发肿瘤5例,转移瘤6例(9个病灶)。根据治疗计划系统(TPS)计算布源,在CT导向下将18.5~29.6MBq活度的125I种子源相隔1.0~1.5cm多层面植入肿瘤内。术后1~10个月复查CT观察种子源在瘤体内的分布、疗效及有无并发症。结果:随诊CT复查,14个病灶完全缓解(CR)5个;明显缓解(OR)7个;部分缓解(PR)2个;无效(P)0。治疗前后病灶平均大小分别为4.23cm和2.07cm(t=5.018,P<0.01)。未见急性并发症和治疗相关的放射损伤。结论:CT导向下125I种子源植入治疗恶性肿瘤是一种安全、有效的方法,近期疗效肯定。     

上海市长宁区社区居民健康行为咨询点状况评估

目的了解社区居民健康行为咨询点现况,以进一步规范咨询点工作,为居民提供一流健康服务。方法采用资料法、现场观察法及问卷调查方法,对全区所有咨询点的硬件、软件配备情况、工作开展情况和规范程度以及咨询点服务对象对咨询点知晓情况、满意度进行综合评估。结果60.5%的咨询点工作完全达标;99.2%的居民知晓服务信息;97.8%的居民接受过咨询服务,居民对咨询点服务满意率达97.2%;分别有25.7%的咨询员、50.4%的居委干部、23.2%的居民提出增加服务时间、内容,改善服务条件等建议。结论调查对象对健康行为咨询点服务满意度逐年上升,但咨询点的整体服务水平还有待提高,特别在服务时间、服务内容以及服务条件等方面,还有待完善。     

Extragastrointestinal stromal tumor possibly originating from the prostate

We report a case of extragastrointestinal stromal tumor possibly originating from the prostate. The patient underwent radical prostatectomy because of no metastatic evidence. No recurrence and metastasis have been found during 14 months of follow up. To our knowledge, this may be the third such case published in a report in terms of pathological type.     

中西医结合治疗小儿轮状病毒肠炎51例

2004年9月~2006年9月,我院采用中西医结合方法治疗小儿轮状病毒肠炎96例,疗效显著,现报道如下。一般资料本组96例患儿均符合小儿轮状病毒肠炎诊断标准[1],其中男51例,女45例;小于1岁62例,1~3岁34例;伴发热58例;轻度脱水38例,中度脱水36例,重度脱水17例。96例患儿随机分为两组,治疗组51例,对照组45例,病程分别为5.4天和5.3天,两组患儿的年龄、性别、病情及病程等方面,无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗方法两组均常规口服思密达(每包含量3g),≤1岁,2/3包/次;>1岁,1~1.5包/次;每天3次。并均静脉补液,纠正水、电解质紊乱,纠正酸中毒并予进食指导。治…     

Nerve growth factor and tyrosine kinase A in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma: expression patterns and effects on in vitro invasive behavior.

PURPOSE: Perineural invasion is a frequent occurrence in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and may prevent complete surgical resection. Studies have indicated that nerve growth factor (NGF) and its high-affinity receptor tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) may play a role in perineural invasion in several malignancies in which perineural invasion is observed. The present study was conducted to investigate the expression of NGF and TrkA in salivary ACC and to examine the effects of NGF on adhesion, migration and invasion capacities of a salivary ACC cell line (SACC-83) in vitro. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Expression of NGF and TrkA was explored using immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tissues of 32 cases of salivary ACC. The effects of NGF on in vitro adhesion, migration, and invasion capacities of the SACC-83 cell line were examined using an MTT assay and a modified Boyden chamber assay respectively. RESULTS: In ACC specimens, 31 (96.9%) and 32 (100%) tumors showed immunoreactivity for NGF and TrkA respectively. Significant correlations were found between NGF/TrkA expression levels and perineural invasion (P < .05). In cell adhesion assay, the percent adherences of SACC-83 cells co-cultured with 25 ng/ml NGF at 1.5 hours and 5, 25 ng/ml NGF at 6 hours were significantly higher than that co-cultured with 0 ng/ml NGF (P < .05). However, high concentration of NGF (500 ng/ml) resulted in a significant inhibition of invasion (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Overexpression of NGF and TrkA in human salivary ACC tissues may constitute a reason for perineural invasion in salivary ACC.