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31.
Chaudhary S 《Indian journal of pediatrics》1996,63(4):433-436
Otitis media is a common pediatric problem. It is well established that over half of infants and children with acute otitis
media may have spontaneous recovery. Since it is difficult to predict the course (self-limited versus serious disease) all
the children with acute suppurative otitis media need to be treated with antibiotics. Amoxicillin is still the initial antibiotic
of choice. There are several alternate antibiotics available with activity against beta-lactamase positive bacteria. These
agents have no advantage over amoxicillin in infections due to penicillin resistant pneumococci. Recent use of beta-lactam
antibiotics and/or attendance in a day care where there is frequent use of antibiotics are predisposing factors for penicillin
resistant pneumococcal infection. In such cases after tympanocentesis, higher dose of amoxicillin, clindamycin or intramuscular
ceftriaxone should be considered. Secretory otitis media does not need to be treated with antibiotics unless the patient is
in high risk group. Prophylactic use of antibiotics should be actively discouraged. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination
(2 years or older) should be encouraged in children with recurrent episodes of acute otitis media. Breast feeding should be
encouraged. 相似文献
32.
Cytochrome oxidase deficiency presenting as birth asphyxia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Willis TA Davidson J Gray RG Poulton K Ramani P Whitehouse W 《Developmental medicine and child neurology》2000,42(6):414-417
Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) was diagnosed in an infant with acidosis. At 7 weeks of age further investigations revealed abnormal neuroimaging (CT and MRI scans) and a raised plasma and CSF lactate. A skeletal-muscle biopsy at 2 months of age confirmed the diagnosis of cytochrome oxidase deficiency. The course of the patient's disorder has taken that of a static encephalopathy (cerebral palsy). Inborn disorders of the respiratory chain should be considered in the differential diagnosis of HIE. 相似文献
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34.
Prabhakaran Rema Somanathan Thara Ramani Wesley 《International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics》2008,103(2):105-110
Objective
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) to treat cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in a low-resource setting.Methods
Women participating in a cervical screening study in India with histologically confirmed CIN unsuitable for cryotherapy were advised to undergo LEEP. One year after treatment the cervix was visually inspected with acetic acid, followed by colposcopy and biopsy taken from abnormal areas. Cure was defined as no clinical or histologic evidence of CIN. Factors influencing cure rates were evaluated by χ2 tests.Results
Of the 311 women who underwent LEEP, 283 reported for 1-year follow-up and 248 (87.6%) were disease free. Cure rates were 93.0% for CIN 1, 85.5% for CIN 2, and 72.7% for CIN 3. Minor adverse effects were observed in 34 women and complications were seen in 5 women.Conclusion
LEEP was associated with minimal complications and acceptable cure rates in a low-resource setting, although women with larger lesions had lower cure rates. 相似文献35.
An essential part of the teaching-learning paradigm is assessment. It is one of the ways to achieve feedback for the various methods that have been used to impart a particular skill. This is true of ophthalmology training, where various clinical and surgical skills are learned as part of the residency program. In preparation for residents to become proficient ophthalmologists, both formative and summative assessments are of paramount importance. At present, assessment is primarily summative in the form of a university examination, including theory and practical examinations that are conducted at the end of the three years of residency. A formative assessment can make course corrections early on, allowing for an improved understanding of the subject and the acquisition of clinical and surgical skills. Formative assessments also allow us to customize the teaching methodology considering individual residents’ learning capabilities. In addition, formative assessments have the advantage of alleviating the stress of a “final” examination, which could sometimes result in a less-than-optimum performance by the residents. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced us to adopt new teaching methods, which has led to the adoption of changes in assessment. In this regard, we discuss the different assessment tools available, their pros and cons, and how best these tools can be made applicable in the setting of an ophthalmology residency program. 相似文献
36.
Siva S. Panda Ritu Malik Mahesh Chand Subhash C. Jain 《Medicinal chemistry research》2012,21(11):3750-3756
4-(5-Aryl-4H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylmethoxy)-2H-chromen-2-ones have been synthesized by the one pot cyclocondensation reaction of 2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yloxy)acetohydrazide with aromatic/heterocyclic aldehydes in the presence of ammonium acetate in acetic acid. The structures of all the new compounds have been established on the basis of their analytical and spectral data. These compounds were also evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activity against various strains of bacteria and fungi and some are found to possess significant antimicrobial activity when compared with ciprofloxacin and miconazole. 相似文献
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