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51.
Shrivastava SK Sharma HP Sinha SK Prasad KM 《Indian journal of pathology & microbiology》1999,42(2):169-170
We report a rare case of Retroperitonial teratoma containing Axial Skeleton long bone. Jaw, pelvis & scapula in a 27 yrs old male. Aberration in monozygotic twinning may rarely present as Fetus in Fetu. Rarer is presentation in Adult. 相似文献
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This paper presents a review of the current status of empirical research in the area of alcohol craving. After an introduction on the origins of the construct of craving, we first present clinical studies that have examined craving as a hallmark symptom of alcohol dependence and demonstrated its sensitivity as an outcome measure in assessing change in pharmacotherapy trials of alcohol dependence. There is also discussion regarding new multifactorial self-report instruments of alcohol craving with good reliability and predictive validity, that may be sensitive to detecting alcohol craving and assessing change in craving as it relates to relapse during treatment. Next, we examine the experimental paradigms that have been used to induce alcohol craving in the laboratory. Further, the methodological issues affecting laboratory-based paradigms are presented, while also elucidating the potential use of effective laboratory-based craving induction paradigms, both in clinical studies as well as in laboratory studies that examine the brain mechanisms associated with the concept of craving. Finally, directions for future research on craving in the laboratory and the clinic are presented in the context of developing more effective treatments for different phases of recovery from alcohol dependence. 相似文献
55.
Central pathways transmit pain from peripheral regions to one of the most important area of the descending pain modulatory system, the Periaqueductal gray (PAG). Independent discoveries in the past suggest that the PAG contains afferent input, output neurons and intrinsic interneurons. An attempt was made in the present study to find out the effects of more than one kind of noxious stimulus on the PAG neuronal activity. Experiments were conducted in rhesus monkeys and the effects of noxious mechanical, thermal and tooth-pulp stimulation on the activity of 14 neurons were studied. The neurons responded to more than one kind of noxious stimuli by increasing or decreasing its firing rate. No limb specificity could be identified and homogeneous distribution of the excitatory and inhibitory neurons was found. 相似文献
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Sinha KN 《The Indian journal of chest diseases & allied sciences》1996,38(1):53-58
Two patients of traumatic rupture of main bronchus are reported here. One patient presented 2 years after blunt chest trauma while the other patient presented 9 weeks after trauma. Lesion in both patients were missed in the immediate post-trauma period. In both patients pulmonary angiogram demonstrated normal vasculature in the atelectatic lung, while intraoperatively good compliance and elasticity were found. Bronchoplasty done in both patients had good postoperative results. 相似文献
58.
Suramin, a highly sulfonated drug, has been reported to be effective against several human malignancies in vitro and in vivo, and currently is undergoing clinical trials against prostate tumors. The biochemical and molecular mechanisms for suramin's antiproliferative activity are not clear. In order to define the biochemical basis for its antitumor activity and to enhance suramin's chemotherapeutic potential while decreasing its toxicity, we have examined interactions of suramin with topoisomerase I and 11 and several clinically active anticancer drugs against the human prostate (PC3 and LNCaP) cancer cell line. While etoposide, m-AMSA, camptothecin, and SN-38 (the active metabolite of CPT-11) were active in killing prostate cells as single agents, combinations of suramin and these agents were antagonistic against these cells. We found that suramin inhibited activities of purified topoisomerase I and II in vitro as measured by relaxation and cleavage assays. Further studies indicated that suramin also inhibited the drug-induced DNA damage in vitro and in isolated nuclei. These findings indicate that combinations of suramin with topoisomerase inhibitors, for example, VP-16, m-AMSA, or CPT, may not be beneficial to patients receiving suramin-containing chemotherapy. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 1 This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America . 相似文献
59.
Sinha NK 《Health for the millions》1992,18(1-2):25-29
Between 1901-1921, India gained 12.9 million people because mortality remained high. The death rate fell between 1921-1951, but birth rates remained the same. Therefore 110 million people were added--2 times the population increase between 1891-1921. Between 1951-1981, the population increased to 324 million. Socioeconomic development was responsible for most of the downward trend in the birth rate during the 20th century. Even though large families were the norm in early India, religious leaders encouraged small family size. The 1st government family planning clinics in the world opened in Mysore and Bangalore in 1930. Right before Independence, the Bhore Committee made recommendations to reduce population growth such as increasing the age of marriage for girls. Since 1951 there has been a change in measures and policies geared towards population growth with each of the 7 5-Year Plans because policy makers applied what they learned from each previous plan. The 1st 5-Year Plan emphasized the need to understand what factors contribute to population growth. It also integrated family planning services into health services of hospitals and health centers. The government was over zealous in its implementation of the sterilization program (2nd 5-Year Plan, 1956-1961), however, which hurt family planning programs for many years. As of early 1992, sterilization, especially tubectomy, remained the most popular family planning method, however. The 7th 5-Year Plan changed its target of reaching a Net Reproductive Rate of 1 by 2001 to 2006-2011. It set a goal of 100% immunization coverage by 1990 but it did not occur. In 1986, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare planned to make free contraceptives available in urban and rural areas and to involve voluntary organizations. The government needs to instill measures to increase women's status, women's literacy, and age of marriage as well as to eliminate poverty, ensure old age security, and ensure child survival and development. 相似文献
60.
D. Abramson W. Richter J. Rintelen R. N. Sinha M. Schuster 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》1992,23(2):259-265
Wheat, barley, and maize, each in 15-kg parcels at 15 and 19% initial moisture content (IMC), were kept in a Bavarian farm granary from June through November 1990. During this period, the grain at each IMC was analyzed for mycotoxins and monitored for grain temperature, carbon dioxide, seed germination, and microfloral incidence and abundance. Barley and maize stored for 20 weeks at 19% IMC contained ochratoxin A in amounts of 70 and 90 g/kg, respectively. This mycotoxin was not detected in wheat stored at 19% IMC, nor in the grains stored at 15% IMC. Aflatoxin B1, sterigmatocystin, citrinin, and zearalenone were also assayed but not detected in grains stored at either IMC. Principal component analysis of the data indicated that ochratoxin A was produced in a damp niche in maize, when abundant metabolic activity and CO2 production by Penicillium glandicola and Aspergillus spp. were common.Contribution No. 1476 of the Agriculture Canada Research Station. 相似文献