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991.
Masato Matsuda Mika Sato Hiroki Sakata Takahisa Ogawa Ken-ichiro Yamamoto Taiji Yakushiji Makoto Fukuda Takehiro Miyasaka Kiyotaka Sakai 《Journal of artificial organs》2008,11(3):148-155
When uremic blood flows through dialyzers during hemodialysis, dialysis membrane surfaces are exposed to shear stress and internal filtration, which may affect the surface characteristics of the dialysis membranes. In the present study, we evaluated changes in the characteristics of membrane surfaces caused by shear stress and internal filtration using blood substitutes: water purified by reverse osmosis and 6.7 wt% dextran70 solution. We focused on the levels of a hydrophilic modifier, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), on the membrane surface measured by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Experiments involving 4 h dialysis, 0-144 h shear-stress loading, and 4 h dead-end filtration were performed using polyester-polymer alloy (PEPA) and polysulfone (PS) membranes. After the dialysis experiments with accompanying internal filtration, average PVP retention on the PEPA membrane surface was 93.7% in all areas, whereas that on the PS membrane surface was 98.9% in all areas. After the shear-stress loading experiments, PVP retention on the PEPA membrane surface decreased as shear-stress loading time and the magnitude of shear stress increased. However, with the PS membrane, PVP retention scarcely changed. After the dead-end filtration experiments, PVP retention decreased in all areas for both PEPA and PS membranes, but PVP retention on the PEPA membrane surface was lower than that on the PS membrane surface. PVP on the PEPA membrane surface was eluted by both shear stress and internal filtration, while that on the PS membrane surface was eluted only by internal filtration. 相似文献
992.
Lin-Bo Gao Bin Zhou Lin Zhang Ye-Sheng Wei Yan-Yun Wang Wei-Bo Liang Mei-Li Lv Xin-Min Pan Yu-Cheng Chen Li Rao 《BMC medical genetics》2008,9(1):74
Background
Previous studies suggested that genetic polymorphisms in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene had been implicated in the susceptibility to some tumors and inflammatory diseases. EGFR has been recently implicated in vascular pathophysiological processes associated with excessive remodeling and atherosclerosis. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a clinical manifestation of preceding atherosclerosis. Our purpose was to investigate the association of the EGFR polymorphism with the risk of ACS. In this context, we analyzed the HER-1 R497K and EGFR intron 1 (CA)n repeat polymorphisms in 191 patients with ACS and 210 age- and sex-matched controls in a Chinese population, using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) strategy and direct sequencing. 相似文献993.
Development of a novel pulsatile bioreactor for tissue culture 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Yos S. Morsi William W. Yang Amal Owida Cynthia S. Wong 《Journal of artificial organs》2007,10(2):109-114
The construction of tissue-engineered parts such as heart valves and arteries requires more than just the seeding of cells
onto a biocompatible/biodegradable polymeric scaffold. It is essential that the functionality and mechanical integrity of
the cell-seeded scaffold be investigated in vitro prior to in vivo implantation. The correct hemodynamic conditioning would
lead to the development of tissues with enhanced mechanical strength and cell viability. Therefore, a bioreactor that can
simulate physiological conditions would play an important role in the preparation of tissue-engineered constructs. In this
article, we present and discuss the design concepts and criteria, as well as the development, of a multifunctional bioreactor
for tissue culture in vitro. The system developed is compact and easily housed in an incubator to maintain sterility of the
construct. Moreover, the proposed bioreactor, in addition to mimicking in vivo conditions, is highly flexible, allowing different
types of constructs to be exposed to various physiological flow conditions. Initial verification of the hemodynamic parameters
using Laser doppler anemometry indicated that the bioreactor performed well and produced the correct physiological conditions. 相似文献
994.
Martijn W Heymans Dirk L Knol Willem van Mechelen Henrica CW de Vet 《BMC medical research methodology》2007,7(1):33
Background
Missing data is a challenging problem in many prognostic studies. Multiple imputation (MI) accounts for imputation uncertainty that allows for adequate statistical testing. We developed and tested a methodology combining MI with bootstrapping techniques for studying prognostic variable selection. 相似文献995.
Benjamin Kligler Mary Koithan Victoria Maizes Meg Hayes Craig Schneider Patricia Lebensohn Susan Hadley 《BMC medical education》2007,7(1):7
Background
As more integrative medicine educational content is integrated into conventional family medicine teaching, the need for effective evaluation strategies grows. Through the Integrative Family Medicine program, a six site pilot program of a four year residency training model combining integrative medicine and family medicine training, we have developed and tested a set of competency-based evaluation tools to assess residents' skills in integrative medicine history-taking and treatment planning. This paper presents the results from the implementation of direct observation and treatment plan evaluation tools, as well as the results of two Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) developed for the program. 相似文献996.
Background
Ischemic stroke is the most common cause of disability in North America and in addition to the generally accepted risk factors, there is increasing evidence for the potential pathophysiological role of genes. One of these genes, the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene (NOS3) has been reported as a genetic risk factor for ischemic stroke. To independently confirm and extend the results of these previous reports, we investigated this gene as a risk factor for stroke in an ethnically diverse study population. 相似文献997.
This paper describes the outcomes of episodes of care for adults in public sector mental health services across Australia, with a view to informing the debate on service quality. Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) change scores and effect sizes were calculated for 14,659 acute inpatient episodes and 23,692 community episodes. The results showed that people in contact with public sector mental health services generally do get better, although the magnitude of improvement depends on the setting and episode type. This confirmatory finding is particularly positive, given current community concerns about the quality and effectiveness of mental health services. 相似文献
998.
Background
Correct diagnosis in psychiatry may be improved by novel diagnostic procedures. Computerized Decision Support Systems (CDSS) are suggested to be able to improve diagnostic procedures, but some studies indicate possible problems. Therefore, it could be important to investigate CDSS systems with regard to their feasibility to improve diagnostic procedures as well as to save time. 相似文献999.
1000.
Ewing-Cobbs L Barnes M Fletcher JM Levin HS Swank PR Song J 《Developmental neuropsychology》2004,25(1-2):107-133
In a prospective longitudinal study, academic achievement scores were obtained from youth 5 to 15 years of age who sustained mild-moderate (n = 34) or severe (n = 43) traumatic brain injuries (TBI). Achievement scores were collected from baseline to 5 years following TBI and were subjected to individual growth curve analysis. The models fitted age at injury, years since injury, duration of impaired consciousness, and interaction effects to Reading Decoding, Reading Comprehension, Spelling, and Arithmetic standard scores. Although scores improved significantly over the follow-up relative to normative data from the standardization sample of the tests, children with severe TBI showed persistent deficits on all achievement scores in comparison to children with mild-moderate TBI. Interactions of the slope and age parameters for the Arithmetic and Reading Decoding scores indicated greater increases over time in achievement scores of the children injured at an older age, but deceleration in growth curves for the younger children with both mild-moderate and severe TBI. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that early brain injuries disrupt the acquisition of some academic skills. Hierarchical regression models revealed that indexes of academic achievement obtained 2 years following TBI had weak relations with the duration of impaired consciousness and socioeconomic status. In contrast, concurrent cognitive variables such as phonological processing and verbal memory accounted for more variability in academic scores. Given the significant and persistent decrement in basic academic skills in youth with severe TBI, it is clear that head-injured youth require intensive, long-term remediation and intervention not only of the academic skills themselves, but also of those cognitive abilities that support the development and maintenance of reading and math. 相似文献