Comparison of the suppression of cell and virus growth in transformed human cells of leukocyte and fibroblast interferon.

The effects of human leukocyte interferon (Le-IF) and fibroblast interferon (F-IF) on the growth of the transformed human cell lines, RSa and RSb, were compared. Both were considerably more sensitive to F-IF than to Le-IF. Two cell lines, IFr and F-IFr, derived from the RSa cell line, were resistant to the anticellular effects of Le-IF, but less resistant to those of F-IF.     

Antitumor Activity and Its Properties of Eubacterium lentum

In the present study, some basic effects of Eubacterium lentum (TYH-11), isolated from normal intestinal flora, upon the immune system and various experimental tumor cell lines were investigated. E. lentum showed no direct cytotoxicity against Ehrlich ascites tumor, while Serratia marcescens (TY-142) did show direct cytotoxicity. E. lentum presented striking antitumor activity which differed according to the injection route and time. This strain showed antitumor activity against 11 experimental tumor cell lines including Ehrlich ascites tumor, Meth-A, etc., but not against EL4 or Lewis lung carcinoma. The antitumor activity in this strain was recognized to lie in the cell wall and granular fractions. The effect of this strain on the immune system was studied by using plaque formation and the footpad reaction. When mice received 5 injections of E. lentum , the plaque number increased to treble the control level. Spleen weight was also increased following administration of E. lentum . In normal and tumor-bearing mice immunized with SRBC alone, the footpad reaction was increased significantly to the control level by administration of E. lentum .     

Comparison of basophil histamine release induced by the cross-linking of IgE receptors

Basophil histamine release induced by allergens (house dust and Candida albicans) and anti-IgE was examined in 31 patients with bronchial asthma in relation to patient age, age at onset of the disease and serum IgE levels. Basophils from patients under 40 years of age generally released a significantly large amount of histamine by stimulation with house dust and anti-IgE. On the other hand, histamine release from patients over 41 years of age was generally not marked when the cells were incubated with house dust and anti-IgE, although, in some cases, the release induced by C. albicans was fairly marked. Basophils from patients under 30 years of age at onset were reactive to house dust and anti-IgE, while the cells from patients over 41 years of age at onset tended to be reactive only to C. albicans. Basophils from patients with low serum IgE levels were less reactive than the cells from patients with high levels of IgE to house dust and anti-IgE. C. albicans-induced release of histamine did not correlate with serum IgE levels.     

Double aortic arch: axial angiography with concomitant esophagogram: report of a case

A case of functioning double aortic arch in a 6-month-old boy is presented. The value of angled-view angiography with concomitant esophagogram is stressed, because it offers exact anatomical diagnosis and helps in determining the location of surgical division.     

Clinical studies on renal function and trace elements

The serum trace elements aluminum (Al), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and manganese (Mn), and creatinine clearance (Ccr) were measured in twenty normal volunteers and 40 patients; 5 patients had mild renal dysfunction, 10 patients had chronic renal failure 5 patients had uremia and 20 patients had been undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Serum Al, Cu, Zn, Ni and Mn were measured with a flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Serum Al levels increased with decrement of the Ccr value. The serum Al level was abnormally high in chronic hemodialysis patients. The serum Cu level in the patients was similar to that in the healthy subjects. Serum Zn, Ni and Mn levels decreased with the decrement of the creatinine clearance level. These results suggest that measurement of serum Al, Zn, Ni and Mn levels can be used as an indication of renal function clinically. In conclusion, serum Al, Zn, Ni and Mn levels are clinical indicators of renal function.     

Carcinoma arising in fibroadenoma of the breast--a case report and review of the literature

A 47 year old woman with two isolated lumps in her right breast underwent an excisional biopsy and the histological findings of both lesions revealed fibroadenoma with an in situ lobular carcinoma. Patey's modified radical mastectomy was performed after which careful follow-up was continued. To date, a total 161 cases of carcinoma arising in a fibroadenoma have been reported in the world literature and a review of these literature is given following the case report.     

A double-blind comparison between cefaclor and cephalexin in the treatment of dental infections

A comparative clinical study of cefaclor (CCL) with cephalexin (CEX) was carried out by randomized double-blind techniques in order to contemplate the clinical efficacy, side effects and usefulness in treatment of 243 patients with dental infections. In the CEX group, CEX was orally administered 4 times a day at a daily dosage of 1,000 mg for 3 to 5 days. In the CCL group, CCL was orally administered 3 times a day at a daily dosage of 750 mg for 3 to 5 days and 1 capsule of placebo was also given every evening in order to keep the blindness of the administration. Evaluable cases for efficacy of athe drugs were 213 consisting of 108 for CCL and 105 for CEX. There were no significant differences in background of the patients and severity of the disease between 2 treatment groups. Clinical effectiveness on the 3rd day was 89.7% in CCL group and 78.6% in CEX group, showing significant difference between 2 treatment groups. Clinical effectiveness on the final day of administration was 94.4% in CCL group and 92.4% in CEX group, showing no significant difference between 2 treatment groups. Side effects were found in 10.5% of 114 patients receiving CCL and in 4.5% of 112 patients with CEX, and there was no significant difference between 2 treatment groups. The side effects were mostly gastrointestinal origin. According to the judgement by physicians in charge, no significant difference was seen in clinical usefulness between the 2 drugs.     

Twenty years' follow-up study of asbestos workers

This report describes a cohort study conducted on workers who were employed in a factory mainly manufacturing asbestos yarn and cloth and were followed from 1964 to 1981. A total of 208 workers (73 males and 135 females) could be traced and 15 deaths were observed by the end of 1983. Among them, three had lung cancer and its relative risk was 6.8 (p less than 0.05) computed based on the age, sex and year specific death rates of Osaka Prefecture. One case of peritoneal mesothelioma was also found. The period from first asbestos exposure to death of these four cases of asbestos-related malignancies was more than 25 yr. In the analysis of the employees who had more than 1 yr of exposure to asbestos and those who had already been engaged in this factory at the beginning of the observation, the relative risk of lung cancer was 8.1 and 13.6, respectively.