慢性病轨迹模式护理在骨肉瘤患者中的效果研究

目的:探究慢性病轨迹模式护理在骨肉瘤患者中的效果.方法:选取2018年1月—2019年12月于焦作市第二人民医院接受治疗的74例骨肉瘤患者为研究对象,按照随机数表法将所有患者平均分为两组,对照组接受骨肉瘤术后常规护理,观察组在骨肉瘤术后常规护理的基础上接受慢性病轨迹模式护理,6个月后,比较两组患者的焦虑、抑郁量表的评分,比较两组患者的肢体功能,比较两组患者并发症的发生率.结果:观察组焦虑、抑郁量表的评分均低于对照组,观察组肢体功能情况优于对照组,观察组感染、病理性骨折等并发症的发生率低于对照组患者(P<0.05).结论:慢性病轨迹模式护理能够有效缓解骨肉瘤患者的负面情绪,且对于患者肢体功能的恢复以及并发症的预防具有重要作用.     

通过ACEⅡ通路治疗男性不育症的中药网络药理学研究

目的 通过收集ACEⅡ通路和男性不育症的交集靶点,运用网络药理学研究方法,挖掘具有潜在价值的中药及相关化合物.方法 通过KEGG、TCMSP数据库检索靶点、相关中药以及活性化合物,运用Cytoscape 3.7.0构建有效中药-活性化合物-靶点网络,通过NetworkAnalyzer功能分析各组分网络维度参数.结果 共有194味中药具有该通路靶点,其中前10位为麻黄、桑叶、柴胡、芫荽、沙棘、桂枝、生姜、桑椹、枇杷叶、牛蒡子.进一步构建有效中药-活性化合物-靶点网络,发现以麻黄Degree最高(Degree=7),桑叶、芫荽次之(Degree=5),活性化合物按Degree排序以acetic acid(Degree=11)、anethole(Degree=4)、Terragon(Degree=4)居前3位.结论 本研究初步分析了针对ACEⅡ通路与少弱精交集靶点对应的有效中药,并通过网络药理学分析,筛选了具有潜在价值的中药及活性化合物.     

Diversity,novelty, antimicrobial activity,and new antibiotics of cultivable endophytic actinobacteria isolated from psammophytes collected from Taklamakan Desert

Three hundred and twenty endophytic actinobacterial strains were isolated from psammophytes collected from Taklamakan Desert and identified. Among them, three strains already had been identified as new species of two genera and sixteen isolates showed relatively low 16S rRNA similarities < 98.6% to validly described species. Seventy-five of the isolates were selected as representative strains to screen antibacterial activity and mechanism. Forty-seven strains showed antagonistic activity against at least one of the indicator bacteria. Two Streptomyces strains produced bioactive compounds inducing DNA damage, and two Streptomyces strains produced bioactive compounds with inhibitory activity on protein biosynthesis. Notably, the strain Streptomyces sp. 8P21H-1 that demonstrated both strong antibacterial activity and inhibitory activity on protein biosynthesis was prioritized for exploring new antibiotics. Under the strategy of integrating genetics-based discovery program and MS/MS-based molecular networking, two new streptogramin-type antibiotics, i.e., acetyl-griseoviridin and desulphurizing griseoviridin, along with known griseoviridin, were isolated from the culture broth of strain 8P21H-1. Their chemical structures were determined by HR-MS, and 1D and 2D NMR. Desulphurizing griseoviridin and griseoviridin exhibited antibacterial activities by inhibiting translation.     

纤维肌痛运动干预患者实践指南(2021年)

纤维肌痛发病率仅次于腰痛和骨关节炎,是第三常见的肌肉骨骼相关疾患.运动干预是纤维肌痛的主要治疗方法之一,患者如何更好地进行自我运动是提高纤维肌痛康复效果的关键因素.我们成立多学科专家和患者共同参与的纤维肌痛运动干预患者实践指南工作组,依据《世界卫生组织指南制订手册》原则和程序,筛选纤维肌痛患者关注的运动干预相关问题,提出纤维肌痛运动干预患者实践11条意见.     

发作性左上肢麻木 无力 头痛

<正>病历摘要患者男性,46岁。主因发作性左上肢麻木、无力6个月,发作性头痛2月余,于2013年8月16日入院。患者6个月前(2013年2月)无明显诱因出现发作性左上肢麻木、无力,每次发作持续数分钟,共发作10次,未予处理。2个月前(2013年5月27日)出现右眼黑影伴右侧头部闷痛,约4 h后出现左上肢麻木、无力,持续12 h后自行缓解,尺侧两手指轻度麻木。病程中无复视,无视力、视野改变。至当地医院就诊(2013年6月),体格检查神志清楚,语言流利,神经系统检查未见阳性体征。头部MRI检查显示,右侧额顶叶交界区、中央前回,左侧颞叶、半卵圆中心和脑桥异常信号,增强后病灶呈多发斑片状或结节样强化(图1)。全身PET显像提示颅内多发混杂密度影,伴部分病变局灶性18F-FDG代谢升高,不排除恶性病变;右肺中叶少许条索状影,前纵隔密度略升高,余未见明显异常。实验室检查血清肿瘤标志物阴性,未予治     

PKCbeta regulates ischemia/reperfusion injury in the lung

Activation of PKCbetaII is associated with the response to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), though its role, either pathogenic or protective, has not been determined. In a murine model of single-lung I/R, evidence linking PKCbeta to maladaptive responses is shown in the following studies. Homozygous PKCbeta-null mice and WT mice fed the PKCbeta inhibitor ruboxistaurin subjected to I/R displayed increased survival compared with controls. In PKCbeta-null mice, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase-1 and -2 (ERK1/2), JNK, and p38 MAPK was suppressed in I/R. Expression of the immediate early gene, early growth response-1 (Egr-1), and its downstream target genes was significantly increased in WT mice in I/R, particularly in mononuclear phagocytes (MPs), whereas this expression was attenuated in PKCbeta-null mice or WT mice fed ruboxistaurin. In vitro, hypoxia/reoxygenation-mediated induction of Egr-1 in MPs was suppressed by inhibition of PKCbeta, ERK1/2, and JNK, but not by inhibition of p38 MAPK. These findings elucidate key roles for PKCbetaII activation in I/R by coordinated activation of MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK) and Egr-1.     

Curative antitumor immune response is optimal with tumor irradiation followed by genetic induction of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II molecules and suppression of Ii protein

Transfecting genes into tumors, to upregulate major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules and inhibit MHC class II associated invariant chain (Ii), induces a potent anti-tumor immune response when preceded by tumor irradiation, in murine RM-9 prostate carcinoma. The transfected genes are cDNA plasmids for interferon-gamma (pIFN-gamma), MHC class II transactivator (pCIITA), an Ii reverse gene construct (pIi-RGC), and a subtherapeutic dose of adjuvant IL-2 (pIL-2). Responding mice rejected challenge with parental tumor and demonstrated tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). We have extended our investigation to determine the relative roles of each one of the four plasmids pIFN-gamma, pCIITA, pIi-RGC, and pIL-2 in conjunction with radiation for the induction of a curative immune response. Upregulation of MHC class I with pIFN-gamma or class II with pCIITA, separately, does not lead to a complete response even if supplemented with pIL-2 or pIi-RGC. An optimal and specific antitumor response is achieved in more than 50% of the mice when, after tumor irradiation, tumor cells are converted in situ to a MHC class I+/class II+/Ii- phenotype with pIFN-gamma, pCIITA, pIi-RGC, and pIL-2. We demonstrate further that both CD4+ helper T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells are essential for induction of an antitumor response because in vivo depletion of either subset abrogates the response. The radiation contributes to the gene therapy by causing tumor debulking and increasing the permeability of tumors to infiltration of inflammatory cells.     

Bacteria detected after instrumentation surgery for pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis in a canine model

Objective

This study was designed to identify the presence, type and origin of bacteria adjacent to the metal implant in the infected region in a canine model of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis treated with single-stage anterior autogenous bone grafting and instrumentation.

Methods

Dogs with pyogenic spondylodiscitis underwent one-stage debridement, autogenous bone grafting and titanium plate instrumentation and perioperative antibiotic therapy. The implants and adjacent vertebral bones were removed surgically at various postoperative time points (4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks) for bacteria detection. Bacteria were detected from retrieved spinal implants as well as surrounding bones by culture and/or pyrosequencing methods in 17 (85 %) of all 20 animals. The positive rate for bacteria presence was 45 % by culture and 80 % by pyrosequencing method.

Results

Radiological or macroscopic examination showed no signs for infection recurrence in any animal regardless of bacteria presence at the surgical site. However, organism identical with the causative bacterium for spinal infection was found in only two of nine culture-positive animals.

Conclusion

Within the confines of the study, the use of metallic implants in an infected area did not lead to a clinically relevant infection although bacteria may exist at the surgical site. The use of metallic implants in an infected area of the spine is safe. The metallic implants may not be the “culprit” for the persistence or recurrence of infection.