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101.
102.
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the ‘acaricidal effect’ of Zataria multiflora and Artemisia annua essential oils on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus.Methods
This study was carried out in 2009 in the Laboratory of Parasitology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Shahrekord University, west central Iran. Six dilutions (5, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 µL/cm3) of both essential oils were used against engorged female R. (Boophilus) annulatus ticks using an in vitro immersion method. The mortality rates for each treatment were recorded 6, 15 and 24 hours post inoculation (hpi). Mortality rate was analyzed using Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance, and comparison of means was carried out using General Linear Models Procedure.Results
The mortality rate caused by different dilutions of Z. multiflora essential oil ranged from 26.6% (using 10 µL/cm3) to 100% (using 40 µL/cm3) and for A. annua essential oil it was 33.2 to 100% (using 20 and 80 µL/cm3, respectively) by the end of the experiment (36 hpi). No mortality was recorded for the non-treated control group or for dilutions less than 5 and 10 µL/cm3 using Zataria and Artemisia essential oils, respectively. For Z. multiflora mortality peaked at 15 hpi for all concentrations other than 20 µL/cm3 and took 24 h to achieve its maximum effect while for A. annua the two highest concentrations needed 24 hpi to reach their full effect. In addition, essential oils applied at more than 20 and 60 µL/cm3 caused 100% egg-laying failure in engorged female ticks by Zataria and Artemisia, respectively while no failure was observed for the non-treated control group. The mortality rate in both botanical acaricides was dose-dependent.Conclusion
Both these medicinal plants have high potential acaricidal effects on the engorged stage of R. (Boophilus) annulatus in vitro. 相似文献103.
Devin R. Halleran Alejandra Vilanova-Sanchez Rebecca M. Rentea Mana H. Vriesman Tassiana Maloof Peter L. Lu Amanda Onwuka Laura Weaver Karla KH Vaz Desale Yacob Carlo Di Lorenzo Marc A. Levitt Richard J. Wood 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2019,54(1):123-128
Background
Appendicostomy and cecostomy are two approaches for antegrade enema access for children with severe constipation or fecal incontinence as adjuncts to a mechanical bowel management program. Each technique is associated with a unique set of complications. The purpose of our study was to report the rates of various complications associated with antegrade enema access techniques to help guide which option a clinician offers to their patients.Methods
We reviewed all patients in our Center who received an appendicostomy or cecostomy from 2014 to 2017 who were participants in our bowel management program.Results
204 patients underwent an antegrade access procedure (150 appendicostomies and 54 cecostomies). Skin-level leakage (3% vs. 22%) and wound infections (7% vs. 28%) occurred less frequently in patients with appendicostomy compared to cecostomy. Nineteen (13%) appendicostomies required revision for stenosis, 4 (3%) for mucosal prolapse, and 1 (1%) for leakage. The rates of stenosis (33 vs. 12%) and wound infection (13 vs. 6%) were higher in patients who received a neoappendicostomy compared to an in situ appendicostomy. Intervention was needed in 19 (35%) cecostomy patients, 15 (28%) for an inability to flush or a dislodged tube, and 5 for major complications including intraperitoneal spillage in 4 (7%) and 1 (2%) for a tube misplaced in the ileum, all occurring in patients with a percutaneously placed cecostomy. One appendicostomy (1%) patient required laparoscopic revision after the appendicostomy detached from the skin.Conclusion
Patients had a lower rate of minor and major complications after appendicostomy compared to cecostomy. The unique complication profile of each technique should be considered for patients needing these procedures as an adjunct to their care for constipation or fecal incontinence.Type of study
Retrospective comparative study.Level of evidence
Level III. 相似文献104.
An open‐label phase I/II study of cyclophosphamide,bortezomib, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin,and dexamethasone in newly diagnosed myeloma 下载免费PDF全文
Taiga Nishihori Rachid Baz Kenneth Shain Jongphil Kim Jose L. Ochoa‐Bayona Binglin Yue Daniel Sullivan William Dalton Melissa Alsina 《European journal of haematology》2015,95(5):426-435
We conducted a phase 1/2 trial evaluating the combination of cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, and dexamethasone (CVDD) for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). The primary objective of the phase 1 was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of maximum planned dose (MPD) and the phase 2 was to assess the overall response rate. Patients received 6–8 cycles of CVDD at four dose levels. There were no dose‐limiting toxicities. The MPD was cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2 IV on day 1, bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 IV on days 1, 4, 8, 11, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin 30 mg/m2 IV on day 4, and dexamethasone 20 mg orally on the day of and after bortezomib (21‐d cycle). Forty‐nine patients were treated at the MPD of which 22% had high‐risk myeloma. The most common grade ≥3 toxicities included myelosuppression, infection, and fatigue. Overall response and complete response rates were 91% and 26% in standard‐risk, and 100% and 58% in high‐risk cohort, respectively. After a median follow‐up of 34 months, the median progression‐free survival was 31.3 months. The 2‐yr overall survival was 91.1% in the standard‐risk and 88.9% in the high‐risk cohort, respectively. CVDD regimen was well tolerated and was highly active in newly diagnosed MM. 相似文献
105.
106.
Peripheral blood CD4+CD8+ lymphocytes in cynomolgus monkeys are of resting memory T lineage 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this study, we analyzed peripheral blood CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP)
lymphocytes in adult cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Forty of 55
monkeys had > 5% of the peripheral blood DP subpopulation (9.3 +/- 5.9%;
mean +/- SD) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in contrast to a low
percentage of peripheral blood DP cells in humans and mice. In a
cross-sectional study, the peripheral blood DP cells were found to increase
in proportion with age. To clarify whether peripheral blood DP lymphocytes
were immature precursors released from thymus without prior
differentiation, the expressions of CD8 chains and CD1b on peripheral blood
DP lymphocytes were compared with those on thymocytes. The peripheral blood
DP lymphocytes were CD8 alpha + beta- and CD1b-, while thymic DP
lymphocytes were CD8 alpha + beta + and CD1b +, suggesting that the
peripheral blood DP cells are extrathymic T lymphocytes. Furthermore, the
peripheral blood DP lymphocytes exhibited a resting memory T cell phenotype
with CD2hiCD3+CD28-CD29hiCD49dhiCD69- CD80lo. Taken together, adult
cynomolgus monkeys possess a unique peripheral blood DP T cell
subpopulation which expresses a resting memory T cell phenotype. In
addition, similar phenotypic properties of DP lymphocytes were distributed
in the spleen and lymph nodes, although the proportion was less in the
spleen and much less in lymph nodes than in PBL.
相似文献
107.
CD95 (Fas/APO-1) is a member of the TNFR superfamily that induces apoptosis following cross-linking with its cognate ligand, CD95L (FasL/APO-1L) or agonist antibody. The human myeloma cell line, RPMI 8226, has limited sensitivity to CD95-mediated apoptosis, with a maximum of 65% of the population responding. To determine the source of the limited sensitivity to CD95-mediated apoptosis, we isolated multiple clones from the RPMI-8226 cell line by limiting dilution. Analysis of these clones demonstrated that sensitivity to CD95-mediated cell death directly correlated with CD95 expression. Clones with high levels of CD95 expression had greater than 90% cell death, whereas cells with low levels of expression had less than 10% cell death. In contrast, no correlative differences were identified for other members of the DISC complex, or for members of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family. We further examined the sensitivity of the 8226 clones to various cytotoxic agents. Although modest clonal variability was demonstrated in response to the chemotherapeutic drugs, doxorubicin, etoposide (VP-16), and vincristine, there was no correlation between CD95 function and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. These results indicate that in this cell line, receptor expression is rate limiting in CD95-mediated apoptosis, whereas CD95 expression was not a determinant in drug-induced programmed cell death. 相似文献
108.
We have identified a polymeric system based on a novel tyrosine-derived terpolymer that offers desirable insertion capability for flexible neural prosthetic devices. To test this concept, flexible films were coated with this terpolymer and their suitability for peranchyma insertion was visualized. The effect of the polymer on neural recording was evaluated using coated microwire probes. The stiff but readily resorbable polymer rapidly degrades (molecular weight half-life of 170 min) while turning into a soft gel, followed by complete resorption within 240 min. This polymeric platform maintains sufficient stiffness to facilitate pial penetration with a dry elastic modulus of 393±44 MPa but loses its strength within 30 min once immersed in saline. In vitro, the polymer's ability to locally deliver dexamethasone has been confirmed through a first order release profile over a 360 min period. In vitro, coated microwire probes regained their original impedance values of 0.5 KΩ within 20 min of wetting via water absorption and polymer resorption. In vivo, the retention of electrical recording capability was also demonstrated through multiple waveform detection in live animals. The ultrafast resorbing polymer as a platform to facilitate the implantation of micronized flexible probes can be utilized in future designs of chronic neural devices. 相似文献
109.
110.