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Giannetti AM Wong H Dijkgraaf GJ Dueber EC Ortwine DF Bravo BJ Gould SE Plise EG Lum BL Malhi V Graham RA 《Journal of medicinal chemistry》2011,54(8):2592-2601
Vismodegib (GDC-0449) is is an orally available selective Hedgehog pathway inhibitor in development for cancer treatment. The drug is ≥95% protein bound in plasma at clinically relevant concentrations and has an approximately 200-fold longer single dose half-life in humans than rats. We have identified a strong linear relationship between plasma drug concentrations and α-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) in a phase I study. Biophysical and cellular techniques have been used to reveal that vismodegib strongly binds to human AAG (K(D) = 13 μM) and binds albumin with lower affinity (K(D) = 120 μM). Additionally, binding to rat AAG is reduced ~20-fold relative to human, whereas the binding affinity to rat and human albumin was similar. Molecular docking studies reveal the reason for the signficiant species dependence on binding. These data highlight the utility of biophysical techniques in creating a comprehensive picture of protein binding across species. 相似文献
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Objective This study examines the extent to which parents and teachers agree on the diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD) and its subtypes, as per the DSM IV criteria. It assesses whether the extent of agreement between informants improves by making the ADHD criteria
more flexible.
Methods Parents and teachers of 119 clinic-referred sample of children (mean age=8.4 years, S.D= 2.48) with disruptive behavioral
symptoms completed the Vanderbilt Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnostic Parent and Teacher Rating Scales, respectively.
Concordance of parent and teacher reports for the presence or absence of diagnosis of ADHD and type of ADHD was examined by
percent agreement and the kappa statistics.
Results Of the 119 children referred for disruptive behavior disorders, 96 (80.6%) met criteria for any type of ADHD according to
the parents’ report; and only 68 (57.1%) met criteria according to the teachers’ report. Parent and teacher agreement for
the diagnosis of any type of ADHD was only 52% :(k= .11, n.s); and the agreement regarding diagnosis of sub-type was even
poorer. Making the criteria more flexible vis-à-vis impairment or number of symptoms did not improve agreement between the informants.
Conclusion Clear guidelines are needed to reconcile the differences between informants in order to promote uniform diagnostic practices
among clinicians working with children having ADHD. 相似文献
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“Getting physical”: the management of neuropsychiatric disorders using novel physical treatments 下载免费PDF全文
Gin S Malhi Colleen Loo Catherine M Cahill Jim Lagopoulos Philip Mitchell Perminder Sachdev 《Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment》2006,2(2):165-179
Objective
To summarize and review the utility of physical interventions in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.Methods
A systematic review of the literature pertaining to novel physical interventions, namely, transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, and neurosurgery, was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PSYCHLIT. Bibliographies of papers were scrutinized for further relevant references along with literature known to the authors.Results
Currently available physical interventions worldwide are reviewed with respect to efficacy, applications, and putative indications. Physical interventions have experienced a resurgence of interest for both the investigation of brain function and the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. The widespread availability of neuroimaging technology has advanced our understanding of brain function and allowed closer examination of the effects of physical treatments. Clinically, transcranial magnetic stimulation seems likely to have a role in the management of depression, and its use in other neuropsychiatric disorders appears promising. Following on from its success in the management of intractable epilepsy, vagus nerve stimulation is undergoing evaluation in the treatment of depression with some success in refractory cases. Deep brain stimulation has improved mood in patients with Parkinson’s disease and may also relieve symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Neurosurgery has re-invented itself by way of increased technical sophistication, and although further assessment of its efficacy and clinical utility is still needed, its widespread practice reflects its increasing acceptance as a viable treatment of last resort.Conclusion
It is clear that physical treatments are here to stay and “getting physical” offers a useful addition to the neuropsychiatrist’s therapeutic armamentarium. However, like all new treatments these interventions need to remain under rigorous scientific scrutiny to determine accurately their immediate and long-term effects. 相似文献58.
Michael P. Jones BSc PhD A.STAT C.STAT Diann Eley BSc MSc PhD Lisa Lampe MBBS FRANZCP Carissa M. Coulston BSc MClinPsych PhD Gin S. Malhi MBChB BSc FRCPsych FRANZCP MD Ian Wilson MBBS MAssess & Eval PhD FRACGP Brian Kelly BMed PhD FRANZCP FAChPM Cathy Owen MBBS FRANZCP MD MHE Gerry Corrigan BA Dip Ed PhD Barbara Griffin B Psychology Hons PhD MAPS John Humphreys BA PhD Beatrice Alba BA BSc Pamela Stagg B.Bus Hlth Sc Hons 《The Australian journal of rural health》2013,21(2):80-89
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