辽西地区农村汉族青少年体型发育规律的Heath-Carter体型法分析

目的:分析辽西地区农村汉族青少年的体型发育规律和特点,为体质人类学补充必要的数据。对象:按整群分层抽样法,抽取2001-07/2003-09辽西地区锦州、盘锦、葫芦岛、义县和绥中的农村13所中小学7～19岁经学校正常体质检查证明身体健康的汉族学生为调查对象,按性别分两大组,每大组按年龄分12小组,7～18岁每岁为1个年龄组,18～19岁为1个年龄组,每小组44～82人,共分24组,搜集完整资料1280名(男666名,女614名)。采用Heath-Carter体型法,每项指标测量2次,取平均值,10项指标由专人负责,测试数据按年龄和性别在微机中建立数据库,依次计算出各年龄组的内因子、中因子和外因子,体型图上的X,Y坐标值,身高/体质量1/3,样本中平均体型点到所有体型点空间距离的均数,三维空间中两个体型点间的差异,体脂百分比和各类体型分布频数。结果:参加调查1280名,均进入结果分析。①7～17岁青少年身高、体质量随年龄的增加而增长。平均身高、体质量男生大于女生。身高/体质量1/3指数除7、8、10、12和13岁外,各年龄组男生>女生,平均值男生>女生。体脂含量除8岁外,其他年龄组女生>男生,平均值女生>男生。②男生的体型均值3.6-2.5-3.7,属外胚层-内胚层均衡体型,女生平均体型值为4.3-2.2-3.3,属于偏外胚层的内胚层体型。体型频数的变化提示辽西农村汉族男生体型分布在内胚层和外胚层的体型较多,女生分布较集中,主要在内胚层体型。③内因子男生在3.0～4.0,女生在3.5～5.2,各年龄组女生>男生;中因子男生在1.6～3.9,女生在0.8～3.4,除7、11和17岁女生>男生外,其他年龄组男生>女生或男女相等,平均值男生>女生。外因子男生在3.0～5.0,女生在3.0～4.1,7、8、10、12、13岁女生>男生,11、14、15、16、17、18岁男生>女生。因此,女生的内因子占优势,皮下脂肪更发达,体态丰满,男生中因子占优势,骨骼粗壮,肌肉发达,随着年龄的增长,男生的身体相对瘦高程度增长,身材修长。④男女各年龄组间体型比较,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18～19岁三维空间中两个体型点间的差异值分别为0.45,0.67,1.03,0.56,0.76,0.30,0.93,2.60,1.86,1.37,1.21,1.47,8～11岁年龄组男女间体型差异有显著性(t=2.66,2.75,2.95,3.58,P<0.05)。⑤与城市青少年相比,农村青少年身高低5～6cm(男女分别为u=6.24,5.90,P<0.01),体质量低3～6kg(男女分别为u=6.93,4.60,P<0.01)。结论:辽西地区农村男生较女生骨骼粗壮,肌肉发达,女生的皮下脂肪更发达,体态丰满,随着年龄的增长,男生的身体相对瘦高,身材修长。与城市青少年相比,农村青少年仍矮瘦,与国外资料和国内少数民族相比,辽西地区农村汉族青少年骨骼肌肉欠发达,身材修长。     

功能磁共振成像与弥散张量成像联合监测视觉通路异常在高压氧治疗前后的结构及功能变化

目的:联合应用血氧依赖功能磁共振成像(BOLD-fMRI)和弥散张量成像技术评价视觉通路异常高压氧患者在康复过程中脑功能和解剖结构的重组特点。方法:①临床资料:选择2006-01/2007-05解放军南京军区福州总医院收治的因视觉通路病变致单侧或双侧视觉障碍的16例患者为病变组,均接受2个标准大气压高压氧治疗3个疗程。以性别、年龄与病变组大致匹配的正常视力者12例作为正常对照组。②磁共振扫描及分析:两组以相同条件,采用黑白棋盘格变化刺激双眼,应用Signa xcite HD 1.5T双梯度16通道磁共振成像系统进行测试。BOLD-fMRI数据处理采用AFNI软件包进行,弥散张量成像应用日本东京大学影像计算和分析实验室开发的Volume-one 1.64下的dTV.II.R1软件进行数据处理。③观察指标:病变组高压氧干预前后BOLD-fMRI激活体数和弥散张量成像表现,并与正常对照组比较。结果:28例受试者均进入结果分析。①BOLD-fMRI激活体数值:病变组高压氧治疗前视皮质激活体数低于正常对照组(P<0.01),高压氧治疗后视皮质激活体数与正常对照组比较差异不显著(P>0.05),但高于高压氧治疗前(P<0.05)。②弥散张量成像示视放射部分各向异性值:病变组高压氧治疗前部分各向异性值低于正常对照组(P<0.05),高压氧治疗后与正常对照组比较差异不显著(P>0.05),且显著高于高压氧治疗前(P<0.05)。病变组中的6例视神经病变患者视放射显示完整,康复前后的视放射部分各向异性值与正常对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),10例枕叶视中枢病变患者视放射纤维部分中断,视放射各向异性值低于视神经病变患者(P<0.05)。结论:BOLD-fMRI联合弥散张量成像能从功能和结构方面探讨视觉通路病变的发生、发展及康复过程,为脑功能的康复提供较为可靠的治疗依据。     

Noncellular immunoadsorbents for preparing typing sera that recognize high-frequency red cell antigens

The feasibility of using salivary ABH substance, covalently coupled to an affinity gel as an immunoadsorbent for anti-A and -B in sera containing antibodies to high-frequency antigens was investigated. Several examples of anti-Hy (n = 4), -Jra (n = 3), -U (n = 3), -Lub (n = 3), -Tja (n = 8), and -Vel (n = 6), plus one anti-Coa, were treated by batch adsorption with the affinity gel. Titration of the adsorbed sera with ABO-incompatible cells lacking the relevant high-frequency antigen, in parallel with ABO-compatible cells expressing the high-frequency antigen, revealed that ABO antibodies could be adsorbed to exhaustion without loss of the sera's activity against cells bearing high-frequency antigens.     

Coiled-spring sign of appendiceal intussusception

Appendiceal intussusception has been considered a rare entity that is difficult to diagnose radiographically. However, a characteristic coiled-spring appearance in the cecum with nonfilling of the appendix has been observed on double-contrast barium enema (DCE) examinations in 11 cases of apparent or proved appendiceal intussusception. In two surgically proved cases, the intussusception was precipitated by an appendiceal mucocele and by endometriosis implants in the appendix. In four other cases, the intussusception was transient and the coiled-spring defect in the cecum disappeared with filling of the appendix on the DCE examination (three cases) or on a subsequent barium enema study (one case). The remaining five cases were unproved, although two patients had undergone prior appendectomy and the coiled-spring finding presumably resulted from an intussuscepted appendiceal stump. Only one patient was found to have appendiceal-related symptoms. It appears that appendiceal intussusception often occurs as a transient phenomenon in asymptomatic patients, and that it can be diagnosed on the routine DCE examination by a characteristic coiled-spring defect in the cecum.     

The effect of renal artery stenting on hypertension and renal function in patients with atherosclerotic renovascular disease

IntroductionAtheroscleroticrenal arterystenosisisassociatedwithhypertension ,progressivelossofrenalfunctionandrecurrentpulmonaryedema [1 3].Althoughsurgicalrevascularizationhasbeenshowntoimprovebloodpressurecontrol,preserveorstabilizerenalfunction [4 ],andreverseend stagerenalfailure[5 ],itsmorbidityandmortalityrateshavebeenhigherthanthoseofstentrevascularization [6 ].Stentrevascularizationhasbeenshowntobesuperiorto“balloononly”angioplastyandsurgicalrevascularization [7].Thisstudyevaluatesth…     

维A酸受体药物的研究回顾及皮肤临床应用的评介

目的：人们对维生素A的认识始于1600年，本旨在探讨其衍生物维A酸（RA）和相应的靶位研究进展。方法；综合近年来国内外献进行分析，介绍研究进展和受体特点，对其临床应用进行评价。结论：维生素A酸类药物进展迅速，治疗范围在不断地拓展，为治疗皮肤疾病展现了良好的前景。     

Hemorrhagic intracranial malignant neoplasms: spin-echo MR imaging

Twelve patients with 15 separate, spontaneously hemorrhagic, intracranial malignant lesions (seven primary gliomas, eight metastatic lesions) were examined with spin-echo magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5 T, and with computed tomography. The signal intensity patterns of these lesions, as seen on both short repetition time (TR)/short echo time (TE) and long-TR/long-TE spin-echo pulse sequences, were compared with the previously described appearance at 1.5 T of non-neoplastic intracerebral hematomas. The images of hemorrhagic intracranial malignancies showed notable signal heterogeneity, often with identifiable nonhemorrhagic tissue corresponding to tumor; diminished, irregular, or absent hemosiderin deposition; delayed hematoma evolution; and pronounced or persistent edema, compared with non-neoplastic hematomas. The demonstration of these characteristics in the appropriate clinical setting may suggest malignancy as the cause of an intracranial hematoma.