KA1表达再分布对神经元兴奋毒性的影响

背景:特异的兴奋性神经递质受体过度活化时便发生细胞的兴奋性中毒,有关NMDA受体和AMPA受体活化致细胞兴奋性中毒死亡通路较为明确,但关于红藻氨酸(Kainate,KA)受体的功能到目前为止仍未明了。目的:探究小鼠海马内注射KA之后KA1受体的再分布状况对中枢神经元兴奋性中毒的影响。方法:成年雄性C57BL6小鼠海马内注射KA或PBS,2h后进行Bederson体征评分、全脑切片免疫组化分析和死亡神经元检测。结果与结论:海马内注射KA2h后,Bederson体征评分表明中枢神经功能出现明显损伤;KA1受体表达的变化主要出现在海马CA1和CA3区,在CA1区的表达上调明显,并开始出现神经元死亡,4~6h后可见大量神经元死亡。结果表明KA促使KA1受体亚单位在海马神经元CA区重新分布,增加神经元对兴奋性氨基酸毒性的敏感性,导致神经细胞死亡,中枢神经功能缺失。     

Experimental Study on Influence of Naolisu Capsules on Hypoxia Inducible Factor Alpha Expression in Rats with Vascular Dementia Induced by Chronic Ischemia

[目的]通过观察中药复方脑力苏胶囊对血管性痴呆(VD)大鼠海马低氧诱导因子-1α (HIF-1α)阳性细胞表达的影响,探讨其改善VD大鼠认知障碍的作用机制.[方法]选用雄性SD大鼠90只,随机分为假手术组,模型组,脑力苏高、低剂量组(剂量分别为2.5、1.25g· kg-1·d-1),喜得镇组(剂量为0.6mg·kg-1·d-1)；采用双侧颈总动脉结扎法复制VD大鼠模型,采用Morris水迷宫测试法检测VD大鼠学习、记忆改善状况,免疫组化法检测大鼠海马(CA1区)HIF-1α阳性细胞数.[结果]脑力苏高、低剂量组大鼠学习记忆能力显著改善(P＜0.01),海马HIF-1α阳性细胞表达较模型组显著降低(P＜0.01).[结论]脑力苏胶囊治疗VD的作用与其能降低海马HIF-1α表达,提高缺血脑组织细胞内氧浓度有关.     

Simple and sensitive determination of sparfloxacin in pharmaceuticals and biological samples by immunoassay

Plasma quinolone concentrations are not routinely measured in clinical practice. However, in order to optimize quinolone treatment, monitoring of plasma concentrations could sometimes be useful particularly in critically ill patients. In this study, anti-sparfloxacin antibody was obtained by immunizing rabbits with sparfloxacin conjugated with bovine serum albumin using isobutyl chloroformate method. After the assay procedure was optimized, the standard curve of sparfloxacin was established. The practical measuring range of the competitive ELISA extended from 5 ng/mL to 2 μg/mL. The recovery rates and coefficients of variation for rat plasma, urine and tissues were 87.7–106.2% and 4.8–15.3%, respectively. To demonstrate the potential of the ELISA, a preliminary pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution study of sparfloxacin in rats and quantitative analysis of sparfloxacin in several pharmaceuticals were performed and compared with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The experimental data indicated that the proposed method would be a valuable tool in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for sparfloxacin.     

A case of lateral femoral cutaneous neuritis with severe pruritus

报告1例股外侧皮神经炎.患者女,74岁.双股外侧剧烈瘙痒4个月余,无麻木、蚁走感、刺痛、烧灼感以及沉重感等症状,局部温、痛、触觉减退.皮肤表面未见明显异常,诊断为股外侧皮神经炎.予抗炎、营养神经及活血化瘀等治疗后症状缓解.     

Recognition of moyamoya disease and its hemorrhagic risk using deep learning algorithms:sourced from retrospective studies

Although intracranial hemorrhage in moyamoya disease can occur repeatedly, predicting the disease is difficult. Deep learning algorithms developed in recent years provide a new angle for identifying hidden risk factors, evaluating the weight of different factors, and quantitatively evaluating the risk of intracranial hemorrhage in moyamoya disease. To investigate whether convolutional neural network algorithms can be used to recognize moyamoya disease and predict hemorrhagic episodes, we retrospectively selected 460 adult unilateral hemispheres with moyamoya vasculopathy as positive samples for diagnosis modeling, including 418 hemispheres with moyamoya disease and 42 hemispheres with moyamoya syndromes. Another 500 hemispheres with normal vessel appearance were selected as negative samples. We used deep residual neural network(Res Net-152) algorithms to extract features from raw data obtained from digital subtraction angiography of the internal carotid artery, then trained and validated the model. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the model in identifying unilateral moyamoya vasculopathy were 97.64 ± 0.87%, 96.55 ± 3.44%, and 98.29 ± 0.98%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.990. We used a combined multi-view conventional neural network algorithm to integrate age, sex, and hemorrhagic factors with features of the digital subtraction angiography. The accuracy of the model in predicting unilateral hemorrhagic risk was 90.69 ± 1.58% and the sensitivity and specificity were 94.12 ± 2.75% and 89.86 ± 3.64%, respectively. The deep learning algorithms we proposed were valuable and might assist in the automatic diagnosis of moyamoya disease and timely recognition of the risk for re-hemorrhage. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China(approved No. 2014-278) on January 12, 2015.     

成人1型糖尿病患者甲状腺功能与糖脂代谢的关系研究

探讨成人1型糖尿病(T1DM)患者甲状腺功能与糖脂代谢指标的关系。回顾性分析2008年1月至2020年1月在山东大学附属省立医院内分泌科住院的230例T1DM患者资料,结果显示,成人T1DM患者的促甲状腺激素(TSH)与总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)水平呈正相关(r值分别为0.239、0.166、0.249,P值均<0.05)。游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT 3)与空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、TC和LDL-C呈负相关(r值分别为-0.272、-0.240、-0.197、-0.220,P值均<0.005)。游离甲状腺素(FT₄)与TC、LDL-C呈负相关(r值分别为-0.171、-0.170,P值均<0.05)。TC是TSH、FT₃、FT₄的独立预测因子,FT₃、FT₄是HbA1c的独立预测因子,TSH是TC、TG、LDL-C的独立预测因子。成人T1DM患者甲状腺功能与糖脂代谢密切相关,有必要常规检测T1DM患者的甲状腺功能。     

艾灸与艾灰外敷联合治疗褥疮30例

目的探讨中成药与中草药以及联合用药治疗褥疮的临床分析,并总结临床经验。方法本研究从2013年7月—2014年7月期间来我院进行治疗的褥疮患者中,随机抽取90例,平均分为对照组、观察组和治疗组。其中对照组采用中成药云南白药治疗,观察组采用中草药丝瓜叶粉治疗,治疗组采用艾灸与艾灰外敷治疗。评价三组患者不同治疗后的愈合天数和治疗有效率。结果治疗组患者的褥疮愈合天数为(7.5±0.56)天,明显低于对照组和观察组(P0.05),治疗组患者的临床总有效率为96.7%,明显高于对照组和观察组(P0.05),以上差异均具有统计学意义。结论艾灸与艾灰外敷联合用药治疗褥疮在临床上具有良好的治疗效果,患者褥疮创伤面愈合较快,副作用少,安全性高,能够明显减轻患者痛苦,降低住院时间,值得临床推广应用。     

双台阶水平井钻井实时跟踪系统应用研究——以哈得油田HD10-HX井为例

哈得油田石炭系中泥岩段薄砂层油藏埋藏深、油层薄,且受岩性控制层状边水未饱和,采用以地质导向为基础的双台阶水平井钻井技术。 为了对双台阶水平井钻井质量进行有效评价,研制了一套完善的双台阶水平井钻井实时跟踪系统。该系统充分结合导眼井及邻井的地质、钻井、录井、测井及随钻测井等多种资料,实现双台阶水平井钻井的实时跟踪,对井眼轨迹位移及钻遇地层进行实时分析,计算钻遇率。利用该系统在哈得油田某井区双台阶水平注水井HD10-HX井现场进行了初步的钻井实时跟踪分析应用,获得了较好的应用效果。     

左上侧切牙Ⅲ型牙内陷牙髓及牙周联合治疗1例

本文报告1例因牙齿根面畸形导致严重根尖病变及牙周破坏的牙周牙髓联合病变的左上侧切牙,瘘道长期不愈,腭侧窄而深牙周袋,严重根尖病变及牙槽骨垂直吸收。通过显微根管治疗、根尖手术、引导牙周组织再生术治疗,实现了控制根尖及牙周感染,达到了保留患牙的目的。     

Radiomics in Antineoplastic Agents Development: Application and Challenge in Response Evaluation

The recent spring up of the antineoplastic agents and the prolonged survival bring both challenge and chance to radiological practice. Radiological methods including CT, MRI and PET play an increasingly important role in evaluating the efficacy of these antineoplastic drugs. However, different antineoplastic agents potentially induce different radiological signs, making it a challenge for radiological response evaluation, which depends mainly on one-sided morphological response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) in the status quo of clinical practice. This brings opportunities for the development of radiomics, which is promising to serve as a surrogate for response evaluations of anti-tumor treatments. In this article, we introduce the basic concepts of radiomics, review the state-of-art radiomics researches with highlights of radiomics application in predictions of molecular biomarkers, treatment response, and prognosis. We also provide in-depth analyses on major obstacles and future direction of this new technique in clinical investigations on new antineoplastic agents.