Caregivers' perceived comfort regarding oral care delivery in group homes: a pilot study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceived comfort, behaviors, and barriers reported by group home caregivers while providing oral health care to individuals with special healthcare needs (SHCN). A 23-item survey was sent to 428 caregivers in two group homes in Iowa. Bivariate and logistic regression models were used to analyze data (p ≤ 0.05). The overall response rate was 32%. An analysis of the bivariate and multivariate logistic regression indicated that caregivers who felt more comfortable providing care for individuals who verbally and physically resisted oral health care had worked more than 2 years at their current location (p = 0.0323), felt "neutral to very comfortable" brushing (p = 0.0020) and flossing (p < 0.0001) the teeth of individuals with SHCN, and reported "sometimes to always" experiencing these individuals not opening their mouths (p = 0.0127). Comfort in providing oral care to individuals with SHCN appears to be linked to experience and length of time working with this population.     

Sedentary behavior in everyday life relates negatively to mood: An ambulatory assessment study

Empirical evidence shows that physical behavior positively impacts human health. Recently, researchers have started to differentiate between physical activity and sedentary behavior showing independent effects on somatic health. However, whether this differentiation is also relevant for mood dimensions is largely unknown. For investigating the dynamic relationships between sedentary behavior and mood dimensions in daily life, ambulatory assessment (AA) has become the state‐of‐the‐art methodology. To investigate whether sedentary behaviors influence mood dimensions, we conducted an AA study in the everyday life of 92 university employees over 5 days. We continuously measured sedentary behavior via accelerometers and assessed mood repeatedly 10 times each day on smartphone diaries. To optimize our sampling strategy, we used a sophisticated sedentary‐triggered algorithm. We employed multilevel modeling to analyze the within‐subject effects of sedentary behavior on mood. Sedentary time (15‐minute intervals prior to each e‐diary assessment) and sedentary bouts (30‐minute intervals of uninterrupted sedentary behavior) negatively influenced valence and energetic arousal (all Ps < 0.015). In particular, the more participants were sedentary in their everyday life, the less they felt well and energized. Exploratory analyses of the temporal course of these effects supported our findings. Sedentary behavior can be seen as a general risk factor because it impacts both somatic and mental health. Most importantly, physical activity and sedentary behavior showed independent effects on mood dimensions. Accordingly, future studies should consider the two sides of the physical behavior coin: How should physical activity be promoted? and How can sedentary behavior be reduced?     

Concerns About ABA-Based Intervention: An Evaluation and Recommendations

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - For over 50&nbsp;years, intervention methods informed by the principles of applied behavior analysis (ABA) have been empirically researched and...     

Main lymphocyte subpopulations in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood in HIV-1 subtypes C and B

Journal of NeuroVirology - HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) shows reduced Tat protein chemoattractant activity compared with HIV-1B. The impact of HIV-1C Tat on the chemotaxis of the main lymphocyte...