Role of pylorus in mediating cholecystokinin-stimulated satiety in the Zucker rat

Obese Zucker rats are less responsive than their lean littermates to the effects of cholecystokinin-octapeptide on satiety and pancreatic growth and exocrine function. We hypothesized that the hyperphagia observed in obese Zucker rats may be caused by a decreased pyloric contractile response to cholecystokinin, resulting in an increased rate of gastric emptying, decreased postprandial gastric distention, and thus decreased satiety. Pyloric muscle strips from six obese Zucker rats and six lean littermates were mounted in separate tissue baths and isometric contraction was measured in response to acetylcholine and cholecystokinin-octapeptide. The dose-response curves for acetylcholine-and cholecystokinin-octapeptide-stimulated pyloric muscle contraction were similar for both the obese and the lean rats. (For cholecystokinin, D₅₀ obese=4.0±0.6 nM, D₅₀ lean=3.4±0.2 nM;P=0.16). We conclude that the decreased satiety response to cholecystokinin-octapeptide observed in obese Zucker rats is not secondary to a decreased pyloric responsiveness to cholecystokinin.This work was supported by NIH grant AM28303-03.     

Factors affecting Adolescents' behavior and attitudes toward destructive rock lyrics

In a study of rock music preferences, listening/watching behavior, and views on destructive rock lyrics, 894 adolescents in grades 9 through 12 in rural, urban, suburban public, and metropolitan parochial schools were administered a questionnaire. Demographic information on parents was also collected. It was found that 17.5% of the students were fans of rock music with lyrics that promote homicide, suicide, or satanic practices (HSSR). Loglinear and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Parents' marital status, student sex, race, and school environment (urban, rural, suburban, etc.) were found to be significant predictors of HSSR status. As compared with non-HSSR fans, the HSSR fans were more likely to have parents who were “Never married” or “Remarried” and less likely to have parents in the “married” category. The HSSR fans were more likely to be male, white, and enrolled in urban schools but not parochial schools than expected; HSSR status also significantly predicted other music-related attitudes and behaviors. The HSSR fans reported liking both the sound and the lyrics of rock music more often than did non-HSSR fans, as did females and urban students. The HSSR fans more often felt that children under 10 years of age should be allowed to listen to HSSR lyrics, and they more frequently expressed the conviction that HSSR music does not affect adolescents' homicidal or self-destructive behavior. The HSSR fans and females reported more nearly complete knowledge of lyrics than did non-HSSR fans and males. The HSSR fans reported that they watch more MTV than did any other group except rural students.