HLA PROFILE OF ETHNIC PAKISTANI POPULATION GROUPS

Acute rejection is a major determinant of chronic allograft dysfunction and graft survival. This study evaluated the effect of basiliximab (Simulect^®), a 156-kDa chimeric monoclonal antibody (human and murine) directed against the alpha chain of the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor of human lymphocytes, on acute rejection in pediatric renal transplantation. Data were collected from two pediatric renal transplantation centers. Forty transplantations (22 males and 18 females; mean age 14.8±3.6 years) were performed between 1996 and 2001. Twelve of the grafts came from cadaveric donors and 28 from living-related donors. Twenty-four of the patients were on hemodialysis, 15 were on peritoneal dialysis, and one case was a pre-emptive transplantation. All patients were placed on triple-drug immunosuppression [prednisolone + (azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil) +(cyclosporine or tacrolimus)]. Basiliximab was also administered in 17 cases. The respective rates of biopsy-proven acute rejection in the basiliximab group and the standard-regimen group were 0% vs. 17.4% ( P >0.05) at 1 month post-transplantation; 0% vs. 26.1% ( P <0.05) at 3 months; and 0% vs. 26.1% ( P <0.05) at 6 months. Thirty and 16 patients had completed 1- and 3-year follow ups, respectively, at the time of writing; the 1- and 3-year graft survival rates were 96% (29/30) and 81% (13/16), respectively.
Basiliximab significantly reduced the rates of acute rejection at 3- and 6 months post-pediatric renal transplantation. It was well tolerated by all patients, and caused no significant adverse effects. The effect of basiliximab on long-term graft survival and chronic allograft dysfunction deserves further investigation.     

藏汉民族线粒体基因组全序列的比较研究

目的 以藏汉民族线粒体基因组全序列为基础,进行Haplogroup构建和系统发生分析,在全序列水平上比较核苷酸的变异,阐释可能的变异机制和蕴含的生物学意义.方法 采用Applied Biosystems 3730DNA自动测序仪分别对40名藏族和50名汉族的标本进行线粒体DNA序列测定,应用phredPhrap 16.0软件进行全序列拼接,并以rCRS(revised Cambridge Reference Sequence)为标准与测定序列进行比对分析;根据MTTO-MAP的标准,通过Network方法进行Haplogroup构建和系统发生的分析,并结合其它方法对产生的数据进行深入解读.结果 数据分析结果显示:在系统发生上,藏汉民族90个线粒体DNA序列归类到13个Haplogroups,除M9以外,其它各Haplogroup出现频率之间比较差异无统计学意义;通过两个民族的线粒体DNA全序列比对,发现21个分布频率有统计学意义的变异位点,其中的5个为新变异位点;另外,对D-Loop区的5个突变位点进行了单倍型构建,90个标本可分为2种Supertype,发现在藏汉民族之间Supertypel和Supertype 2的分布频率均有统计学意义.结论 藏汉民族在种族起源和系统发生上具有较近的母系遗传关系;在全序列有统计学意义的位点究竟是适应性或者中性选择,抑或是一种病理性突变尚需深入的探讨.     

Evaluation of Job Strain of Family Physicians in COVID-19 Pandemic Period- An Example from Turkey

Journal of Community Health - The purpose of this study was to evaluate family physicians’ job strain during the Covid-19 pandemic and determine the effective factors. The study was carried...     

松质骨中两种纵波的传播特性分析

基于松质骨的层状模型，利用Schoenberg理论分析了松质骨中两种纵波(快纵波和慢纵波)的传播特性；并在理论和实验上详细分析了骨小梁方向与传播方向间的夹角对松质骨中快纵波和慢纵波传播特性的影响。分析结果表明，当超声波平行于骨小梁入射时，松质骨中两种纵波都传播，入射角度在60度附近时，松质骨中两种纵波的相速度曲线有一个转折点，入射角度在60度以上，角度越大时，骨髓和骨小梁耦合得越紧，因此阻止了慢纵波的传播，而只有快纵波传播。     

Physical growth of primary school children of Lucknow

Conclusion From the above consideration we conclude that the stature of the boys and girls in all the age groups grew more rapidly than the other body segments under consideration. On the other hand, the arm girth grew very slowly. The mean values were progressively higher while the rate of growth and growth velocities were different in different age groups. The mean values of the lower extremity and biacromial indices were nearly constant in all the age groups which showed relatively equal growth of the stature in relation to lower extremity and shoulder breadth. From the Department of Anthropology, Lucknow University, Lucknow-226001.     

小牛血去蛋白提取物对胃溃疡患者的疗效评价

目的：探讨小牛血去蛋白提取物(DCBE)对胃溃疡的治疗作用。方法：选择年龄20～70岁之间，经胃镜检查确诊为活动期胃溃疡的住院患60例。治疗组32例采用静脉滴注DCBE(800mg，qd)和法莫替丁(100mg,bid)治疗；对照组28例采用静脉滴注法莫替丁(100mg，bid)单独治疗。用药2、4wk行胃镜检查，观察自觉缓解症状、时间、愈合率和总有效率。结果：治疗组自觉症状缓解时间明显缩短；给药后2、4wk治疗组及对照组胃镜检查溃疡愈合率分别为78.1％，46.4％及84.4％，71.4％。结论：DCBE能显促进胃溃疡的愈合。     

Relative pharmacokinetics of three amikacin brands in onco-hemotologic pediatric patients experiencing febrile neutropeina.

Three commercially available brands of amikacin were investigated in a parallel study design for the assessment of comparative pharmacokinetics in pediatric oncology patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenic febrile episode. Amikacin concentration in serum samples was determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay method using Abbott TDx system. Computer software, PK II was used for computation of pharmacokinetic parameters of amikacin. The serum concentration of all brands nonsignificantly (p > 0.05) varied at all time points, except at 1 and 2 hrs post dosing. At 1 hr post dosing, the serum concentration of brand II varied from rest of two brands. Whereas at 2 hr following I/V infusion, brands II and I were statistically different. Highest serum concentration of 38.69 +/- 1.45 microg/ml was observed in case of brand III while brands I and II showed lower but not significantly different serum concentration values, i.e., 36.30 +/- 1.65 and 37.89 +/- 1.32 microg/ml, respectively when compared with brand I. The other pharmacokinetic parameters of 3 brands found to have non-significant difference (P < 0.05) except, t(1/2)alpha and Cl of brands I and II that deviated statistically significant (p < 0.01). The relative bioavailability of brand II and III as compared with brand I, considered as standard 86.17 and 96.86%, respectively falls within the accepted limits of +/- 20% required for the bioequivalence of any two brands. Based upon findings of the present study, all these brands may be used interchangeably in oncology patients. Further studies, however are needed to determine whether the statistically elevated Cl value in brand II is of any clinical significance.