Peripheral and central giant cell granulomas of the jaws: a demographic study

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the demographic characteristics of peripheral giant cell granulomas (PGCGs) and central giant cell granulomas (CGCGs) in patients treated at our centers. STUDY DESIGN: This 12-year retrospective study was based on existing data. Files of patients from 1993-2004 with a definite diagnosis of PGCGs and CGCGs from the oral pathology departments of our universities were assessed. Information regarding age distribution, gender, the jaw involved, the presenting area of the lesion, surgical treatment, and recurrence was documented. RESULTS: During the study period, 204 patients with CGCGs were treated. The patients with CGCGs varied in age from 5 to 72 years, and the mean age patients was 23.72 years. Among these, 127 cases (62.87%) occurred in the second and third decades of life. One hundred thirty cases (63.75%) occurred in females and 74 (36.25%) in males. Ninety cases (44.1%) presented in posterior parts of the jaws. One hundred forty-four cases (70.58%) appeared in the mandible. Peripheral GCGs presented in 575 patients, who varied in age from 2 to 85 years with a mean age of 31.02 years. Among these, 297 cases (51.65%) occurred in females and 278 (48.34%) in males. Four hundred sixty-seven cases (81.2%) occurred in the first five decades of life, and 352 cases (61.21%) appeared in the mandible. CONCLUSIONS: Giant cell granulomas comprised 9.29% of oral lesions. Peripheral GCG lesions occurred more than 2 times more frequently than CGCGs. Central GCGs occurred about 2 times more frequently in females, whereas PGCGs had an equal prevalence in both genders (P < .05). The mean age for patients with CGCGs was less than patients with PGCGs (P < .05). Central GCGs involved the mandible approximately 2 times more frequently than the maxilla (P < .05). However, when presenting in the maxilla, CGCGs most frequently presented in the area anterior to the canines (P < .05). Peripheral GCGs involved the mandible approximately 1.5 times more frequently than the maxilla (P < .05). Thorough curettage was the main treatment modality used. There were 9 cases (4.41%) of recurrence of CGCGs and 8 cases (1.39%) of recurrence of PGCGs documented during the follow-up period (ranging from 1-12 years).     

Role of postnatal penicillin prophylaxis in prevention of neonatal group B streptococcus infection

This prospective study was designed to identify the role of postnatal penicillin prophylaxis in the prevention of neonatal group B streptococcus (GBS) infection. We studied 10 998 infants. Of these, 5389 were in the penicillin prophylaxis group (PP) and 5609 infants did not receive penicillin prophylaxis (NPP). Infants were allocated to treatment by month of birth, alternating 3-mo blocks or 2-mo blocks to the two groups after the first block was randomly assigned. The use of PP reduced the incidence of clinical sepsis (1.7% PP versus 2.5% NPP, p < 0.01), GBS infection (0.4% PP versus 0.9% NPP, p < 0.001) and deaths from sepsis (0.1% PP versus 0.3% NPP, p < 0.05). We conclude that the routine use of postnatal penicillin prophylaxis appears to be effective in reducing the incidence of clinical sepsis and death from sepsis in neonates.     

Efficiency of immediate postoperative inpatient physical therapy following total knee arthroplasty: an RCT

Background  

The main goal of physical therapy treatment (PT) in the clinical stage following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to prepare patients for discharge from the hospital as soon as possible after their operation. Although aggressive rehabilitation is believed to be important, evidence of effects of different exercise programmes following TKA is limited. This led to the question whether the intensity of PT (once versus twice daily) following TKA affects short-term recovery, measured as range of motion.     

O等位基因引起ABO基因型与表现型定型差异

保证输血时血清学方面的安全,首要的是对受血者与献血者ABO血型定型,血清学检查通常分两个步骤.正定型通常使用鼠源单克隆抗体检测红细胞表面是否存在A或B抗原.互补的实验即反定型,利用当红细胞上缺乏A或B抗原时,人群可天然产生相对应的抗体的原理,检测血清中是否存在抗-A或者抗-B抗体.确定了受血者红细胞表面的ABO抗原以及血浆中的抗体,便能确定血型,为其提供相合的血液.     

Ultimate doctor liability: A myth of ignorance or myth of control?

Ultimate medical doctor responsibility for the care delivered to patients by all professionals is a myth. Legally Lord Denning dismissed the myth in the mid-20th century in England. The assumption that a medical doctor is responsible for the care delivered by nurses has not existed in English and Australian law since that time, and it has been actively refuted. Yet it is a myth that continues to circulate influencing health service, state and federal health policy. For some it is a myth of ignorance and for others it is a means of control. This paper outlines the relevant case law to debunk the myth of ultimate medical doctor control.     

Seronegative and seropositive rheumatoid arthritis: radiographic differences

Patients with seronegative and patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have clinical, genetic, and immunologic differences. This study was undertaken to determine whether the two populations differ radiologically. Seventeen patients with seronegative RA were closely matched with seropositive control subjects. Radiographs of the hands and wrists were studied blindly, and disease severity was quantified with use of a modification of the Beaver Creek grading sheet. The following distinguishing features were also evaluated: osteosclerosis, new bone formation, carpal predominance, ankylosis (fusion), symmetry, and classical erosions. Seropositive patients had more severe disease, with larger and more numerous erosions, while the seronegative group had more osteosclerosis, carpal predominance, fusion, and new bone formation. Symmetry was equal in both groups. Although there were definite quantitative and qualitative differences between the two populations, radiologists should be cautious in using these criteria because of the great deal of overlap between the two groups.