CD44v7/8基因表达与宫颈癌关系的探讨

目的探讨宫颈癌组织中CD44v7/8基因的异常表达及临床意义。方法1986～2000年沈阳医学院附属中心医院采用免疫组化的方法随机测定59例宫颈癌、18例尖锐湿疣和18例慢性宫颈炎组织中CD44v7/8基因的表达情况。结果宫颈癌、尖锐湿疣及慢性宫颈炎3种疾病中CD44v7/8表达阳性率分别为76.27%、11.11%和11.11%,宫颈癌组的CD44v7/8表达分别高于慢性宫颈炎组及尖锐湿疣组,且差异非常显著(P<0.01)。慢性宫颈炎组及尖锐湿疣组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论CD44v7/8蛋白的表达增强与宫颈癌的发生、发展及和局部浸润转移有关。     

抓住机遇构建和谐发展的疾病防控体系

近几年，国家加强了对突发公共卫生事件应急反应能力的要求，人民群众的防病意识不断增强，疾病控制中心传统工作模式受到了极大挑战。吉林省疾病预防控制中心作为省直卫生系统人事制度改革试点单位，于2003年11月初开始，历经2个月时间圆满完成了单位人事制度与分配制度改革工作，取得了令人满意的效果。现将我们的做法与体会总结如下。     

A central mechanism of acute baroreflex resetting in the conscious dog

The role of the central nervous system in the mechanism(s) involved in acute carotid baroreflex resetting was studied in six conscious, chronically instrumented, aortic-denervated dogs. Dogs were prepared for reversible vascular isolation of the carotid sinuses. Acute baroreflex resetting was induced by holding the left carotid sinus pressure (LCcsp) at a given value for 20 minutes using a pulsatile pressure control system while at the same time keeping the right carotid sinus pressure (RCSP) at a subthreshold level (approximately 40 mm Hg). At the end of the 20 minutes, the LCcsp) was reduced to approximately 20 mm Hg, and a baroreflex (RCSP-mean arterial pressure [MAP]) curve was generated on the right carotid sinus using static-step increases in carotid sinus pressure. At the control LCcsp of 100 mm Hg, the RCSP-MAP baroreflex had a threshold pressure (Pth) of 86.6 +/- 3.1 mm Hg and a set point pressure (Psp) of 104.7 +/- 2.5 mm Hg. Increasing LCcsp) to 140 mm Hg for 20 minutes caused these parameters for the right carotid baroreflex to increase. Pth and Psp increased by 18.4 +/- 4.0 and 14.2 +/- 3.0 mm Hg, respectively (p less than 0.05). The baroreflex curve, therefore, was shifted upward and to the right. Decreasing LCcsp to 60 mm Hg caused Pth and Psp to decrease by 24.7 +/- 5.0 and 18.1 +/- 2 mm Hg, respectively (p less than 0.05). The baroreflex curve was therefore shift downward and to the left. The percent of resetting of Pth and Psp was 46 +/- 9% and 36 +/- 8%, respectively, when LCcsp was 140 mm Hg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

脊柱复合性损伤的救治风险与早期治疗

目的评估脊柱复合性损伤的特点和救治风险,探讨风险控制与最佳治疗的方法。方法采用AIS、ISS、TRISS及APACHEⅡ等评分方法对273例脊柱复合性损伤患者进行定量评价与救治分类,并依据伤后的损伤分级、参数评定及计量评分等指标进行量化分析和统计处理。结果颈椎合并伤115例,胸椎合并伤141例,胸腰椎合并伤294例,腰骶椎合并伤181例;患者的救治风险和脊椎伤的治疗选择或手术时机与其合并伤的解剖伤势及由此所构成的整体伤情密切相关(P<0.01或<0.05);高风险性伤员往往综合伤势严重,生存概率(Ps)趋低,并发症和死亡率高(P<0.01或<0.05)。结论脊柱脊髓损伤常合并有严重的多发伤,高危伤情不仅可增加其救治风险和脊柱伤的处理难度,且还易于丧失手术最佳时机。分类救治对伤员的风险控制和脊柱伤的专科治疗是有益的。     

In vivo kinetics and displacement study of a carbon-11-labeled hallucinogen,N,N-[11C]dimethyltryptamine

The endogenous hallucinogen, N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), was labeled with carbon-11 and its regional distribution in rat brain studied. [¹¹C]DMT showed higher accumulation in the cerebral cortex, caudate putamen, and amygdaloid nuclei. Studies of the subcellular distribution of [¹¹C]DMT revealed the specific localization in the fractions enriched with serotonin receptors only when a very low dose was injected into rats. The proportions of the radioactivity in receptor-rich fractions were greatly enhanced by pretreatment with the monoamine oxidase inhibitor, pargyline. Specific binding of [¹¹C]DMT to serotonin receptors in dog brain was demonstrated by a positron emission tomographic study in which 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine caused approximately 20% displacement of the radioligand from the receptors.     

多疗程治疗的癌症病人入院时的焦虑状态调查

[目的]了解恶性肿瘤病人反复多次入院治疗时的心理状态,通过护理干预帮助病人更快投入治疗情境.[方法]通过焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行心理测验,随机将病人分为对照组和实验组,针对结果分别进行相应护理,1周后复查.[结果]实验组和对照组护理后的SAS评分差异显著.[结论]癌症病人多疗程入院的病人焦虑状况严重,实施焦虑的支持护理及心理辅助,可较好地促进病人进入治疗角色,减少弃治轻生的发生.     

Global transcriptional profiling demonstrates the combination of type I and type II interferon enhances antiviral and immune responses at clinically relevant doses.

A role for type II interferon (IFN-gamma) in resolving viral infection is suggested by the correlation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance with enhancement of IFN-gamma-producing activated T cells in the resolution of acute HCV infection. Using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a synergistic direct antiviral effect was documented using IFN-gamma1b and a potent, consensus type I IFN (IFN alfacon-1). Global expression profiling following EC50 exposure to IFN alfacon-1, IFN-gamma1b, or a cocktail of the two allowed the antiviral state to be correlated with induction of a subset of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Genes identified through this analysis corresponded to classic antiviral components, ISGs more recently associated with direct antiviral functions, as well as expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and hypothetical proteins. The magnitude of these antiviral EC50-correlated expression events in human hepatoma (Huh7) cells exposed to clinically relevant doses of IFN alfacon-1, IFN-gamma1b, or a cocktail of the two was also probed because the standard of care for patients with chronic hepatitis C is type I IFN-containing regimens. Relative to type I IFNs used alone, the addition of type II IFN caused enhanced expression not only of many of the genes correlated with the direct antiviral state but also of genes involved in (1) antigen presentation to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), (2) macrophage, natural killer (NK), and T helper 1 (Th1) cell recruitment and activation, (3) complement system function, (4) apoptosis, and (5) ISGs with unknown functions. As many of these processes are correlated clinically with resolution of chronic HCV infection, the combined use of these IFNs could display a beneficial effect on viral clearance in patients infected with HCV and other viruses through enhancement of one of these processes or of the direct antiviral state.     

Inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system: a new avenue for atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND: The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is thought to be functionally active in atherosclerosis (AS) lesions. Aspirin was found to be a potent inhibitor of the UPS in some tumour studies; however, its effect on AS remains to be demonstrated in vivo. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were placed on a normal diet (N) or on a normal diet with aspirin (NI) or on an atherogenic diet without (H) or with aspirin (HI) for 12 weeks. Proteasome activity, concentrations of plasma lipids and levels of peroxidation were determined. Ubiquitin/ubiquitin-conjugates (Ub), IkappaBalpha, phosphorylated IkappaB (pIkappaBalpha) and p65 were investigated by Western blotting or immunochemistry. RESULTS: Concentrations of plasma lipids and peroxidation levels were higher in H or HI vs. N or NI. Histological analysis showed that atheroma was increased in H. Ub and IkappaBalpha were mainly localised in subendothelium and media vascular smooth muscle cells. Western blots revealed that Ub, IkappaBalpha, and pIkappaBalpha were increased, whereas p65 was lower in HI vs. H. The activity of the 20S proteasome was functionally active in H vs. N, NI or HI, while the 26S proteasome was not affected in any of the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Aspirin can attenuate the pathogenesis of atheroma formation, the degradation of IkappaBalpha and pIkappaBalpha, and lower the expression of p65, indicating that its therapeutic effects on AS may be via inhibition of the UPS.     

PR35THE INCIDENCE OF NON‐MELANOMA SKIN CANCER IN NEW ZEALAND

Background It is estimated that skin cancers cost $33 million per annum to the New Zealand healthcare system. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the commonest types of non melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Anecdotal evidence indicates that there has been a doubling in the incidence of NMSCs in New Zealand over the last decade. Because of the high incidence mandatory reporting of NMSCs to the National Cancer Registry is not required. This lack of accurate data has led to poor health care policies and strategies including funding and workforce planning. Aims The aims of this study are to (1) present the latest statistics on NMSCs in New Zealand, including the incidence across different regions over the last decade, patient demographics, anatomic distribution of NMSCs, incidence and sites of metastasis, and disease‐specific survival; to (2) the histopathology of NMSCs, including surgical margins, histologic grade, and perineural, lymphatic, and vascular invasion; and (3) the relative role of different faculties treating NMSCs. Method This project has been approved by the multi‐centre ethics committee. A retrospective review was conducted from patients’ histology records from public and private pathology laboratories within defined catchment areas. Criterion for analysis is a confirmed diagnosis of NMSC treated surgically. A Microsoft Access database is created that will facilitate subsequent data retrieval and analysis. Results and Conclusion It is hoped that this up‐to‐date data will form the framework for the development of sound and sustainable healthcare policies of management of NMSCs including management strategies and workforce planning, and research direction on this common disease.