3D打印技术制备个体化终板匹配颈椎间融合器的初步尝试

目的：探讨3D打印制备个体化颈椎间融合器的可行性并验证其终板匹配性。 方法：选取经福尔马林浸泡的成人新鲜尸体标本10具,男女各5具。截取标本的颈1-颈7节段,行CT平扫并将平扫图像导入Mimics软件,制作个体化颈5/6椎间融合器模型。通过3D打印机打印出椎间融合器。对每具标本施行颈5/6椎间隙减压植骨术。术后再次行CT检查,通过打印椎间融合器与上下终板之间的间隙来评价终板匹配性,每个椎间融合器测量36个点,间距＜1mm,匹配性优;1mm≤间距＜2mm,匹配性良;间距≥2mm,匹配性差。 结果：大体观察发现椎间融合器与椎间隙嵌合度较好,融合器植入后稳定性较好,无融合器过大不能置入发生,无融合器松动脱落。6例标本（60%）所有测量点匹配性均为优;3例标本（30%）中14个点（3.89%）匹配性良,其中1例6个点、另2例各4个点匹配性良;1例标本（10%）中共3个点（0.83%）匹配性差;共计343个点（95.28%）匹配性优。 结论：Mimics软件可很好呈现颈椎椎体和椎间隙解剖结构,并可据此进行颈椎Cage的个体化设计;利用3D打印可实现颈椎Cage产品快速成型,且打印产品与宿主终板匹配满意。     

雌激素替代治疗增加β-arrestin2在卵巢切除大鼠心脏中的表达

目的 观察β-arrestin2在卵巢切除(Ovariectomy, OVX)大鼠心脏的表达变化,探索β-arrestin2在雌激素改善OVX大鼠心血管功能中的作用。方法 以OVX手术绝经的大鼠为模型,通过监测血中雌激素水平以及子宫体重比的变化明确OVX模型成功。雌激素替代治疗4周,通过检测心脏体重比、血压和心率反映心血管功能情况,蛋白免疫印迹检测心脏β-arrestin1、β-arrestin2和血管紧张素受体(AT1R)蛋白表达水平。 结果 OVX组较假手术组,(1)血中雌激素水平明显下降(P<0.05)、子宫明显萎缩(P<0.05);(2)血压升高(P<0.05)、心率加快(P<0.05),心脏体重比升高(P<0.05),雌激素替代治疗后,血压下降、心率减慢,心脏体重比降低(P<0.05);(3)心脏中β-arrestin2表达明显降低(P<0.05),雌激素可上调其表达,而β-arrestin1和AT1R表达水平无明显变化。结论β-arrestin2介导了雌激素改善OVX大鼠心血管功能的作用。     

Evaluation of Intraductal Ultrasonography,Endoscopic Brush Cytology and K-ras,P53 Gene Mutation in the Early Diagnosis of Malignant Bile Duct Stricture

Background:In qualitative diagnosis of bile duct stenosis,single diagnostic measure is difficult to make a correct diagnosis,to combine several diagnostic techniques may be helpful to make an accurate ...     

Increased Orexin Expression Promotes Sleep/Wake Disturbances in the SOD1-G93A Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Background:Sleep/wake disturbances in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are well-documented,however,no animal or mechanistic studies on these disturbances exist.Orexin is a crucial neur...     

Prevalence of Thrombocytopenia among Chinese Adult Antiretroviral-na?ve HIV-positive Patients

Background:

The prevalence of thrombocytopenia among Chinese antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve HIV-infected adults has not been well-described. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of thrombocytopenia among Chinese ART-naïve HIV-infected adults.

Methods:

We performed a cross-sectional study of Chinese adult ART-naïve HIV-infected patients from September 2005 through August 2014. Socio-demographic variables and laboratory results including platelets, CD4+ cell count, and viral load were obtained from medical records. Factors and outcomes associated with thrombocytopenia were assessed using logistic regression.

Results:

A total of 1730 adult ART-naïve HIV-infected patients was included. The mean age was 38 years. The prevalence of thrombocytopenia was 4.5%. There were significant differences in the prevalence of thrombocytopenia between patients <30 years of age (2.8%) and 30–39 years (4.0%) compared with patients greater than 50 years (7.0%) (P = 0.006 and P = 0.044, respectively). The prevalence of thrombocytopenia was also significantly different between patients with CD4+ counts of 200–349 cells/mm³ (3.3%) and >350 cells/mm³ (2.8%) compared with patients with CD4+ counts of 50–199 cells/mm³ (7.1%) (P = 0.002 and P = 0.005, respectively). The prevalence of thrombocytopenia was significantly different by hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV-Ab) seropositivity (10.2% for HCV-Ab positive vs. 3.9% for HCV-Ab negative, P = 0.001). We observed differences in prevalence of thrombocytopenia by mode of transmission of HIV infection: Blood transmission (10.7%) versus men who have sex with men (3.9%) (P = 0.002) and versus heterosexual transmission (3.9%) (P = 0.001). In binary logistic regression analyses, age ≥50 years, HCV-Ab positivity and having a CD4+ cell count of 50–199 cells/mm³ were significantly associated with thrombocytopenia with adjusted odds ratio of 2.482 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.167, 5.281, P = 0.018), 2.091 (95% CI: 1.078, 4.055, P = 0.029) and 2.259 (95% CI: 1.028, 4.962, P = 0.042), respectively.

Conclusions:

Thrombocytopenia is not common among adult ART-naïve HIV-infected patients in China. Older age (age over 50 years), HCV-Ab positivity and lower CD4+ cell count are associated with an increased risk of thrombocytopenia. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of thrombocytopenia in these patients are necessary.     

Association between Tourette Syndrome and the Dopamine D3 Receptor Gene Rs6280

Background:

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a complex, heterozygous genetic disorder. The number of molecular genetic studies have investigated several candidate genes, particularly those implicated in the dopamine system. The dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) gene has been considered as a candidate gene in TS. There was not any report about the association study of TS and DRD3 gene in Han Chinese population. We combined a case–control genetic association analysis and nuclear pedigrees transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) analysis to investigate the association between DRD3 gene rs6280 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and TS in a Han Chinese population.

Methods:

A total of 160 TS patients was diagnosed by the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. The DRD3 gene rs6280 SNPs were genotyped by TaqMan SNP genotyping assay technique in all subjects. We used a case–control genetic association analysis to compare the difference in genotype and allele frequencies between 160 TS patients and 90 healthy controls. At the same time, we used TDT analysis to identify the DRD3 gene rs6280 transmission disequilibrium among 101 nuclear pedigrees.

Results:

The genotype and allele frequency of DRD3 gene rs6280 SNPs had no statistical difference between control group (90) and TS group (160) (χ² = 3.647, P = 0.161; χ² = 0.643, P = 0.423) using Chi-squared test. At the basis of the 101 nuclear pedigrees, TDT analysis showed no transmission disequilibrium of DRD3 gene rs6280 SNPs (χ² = 0; P = 1).

Conclusions:

Our findings provide no evidence for an association between DRD3 gene rs6280 and TS in the Han Chinese population.     

The Natural Progression of Parkinson's Disease in a Small Cohort with 15 Drug-na?ve Patients

Background:

The studies of the natural progression of Parkinson''s disease (PD) in Chinese populations have been lacking. To address this issue and obtain a preliminary data, we conducted a PD progression assessment in 15 adults with de novo PD from a nutritional intervention trial (NIT) cohort in Lin County China.

Methods:

Using the Copiah County screening questionnaire and United Kingdom Parkinson''s Disease Society Brain Bank diagnostic criteria, we surveyed the available NIT cohort members in 2000 and diagnosed 86 patients as PD. In 2010, we resurveyed all PD patients and confirmed definite PD diagnosis in 15 cases with the rest of them being dead (54); having probable (10) PD or vascular Parkinsonism (3); refusing to participate (2); or being away (2). In both surveys, we used Hoehn and Yahr (HY) scale and assessed the disease progression. Unified Parkinson''s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) was added to the second survey.

Results:

In 2010, the average disease duration for 15 definite PD patients was 13.6 ± 7.3 years. Over a 10-year time span, 9 out of 15 patients remained at the same HY stage while the remaining 6 progressed. Rigidity (47% vs. 100%; P = 0.002) and postural instability (7% vs. 47%; P = 0.005) worsened significantly. The mean UPDRS motor scores in 2010 were 39.4 ± 23.7.

Conclusions:

Overall worsening of motor function in PD seems to be the rule in this untreated cohort, and their rate of progression seemed to be slower than those reported in the western populations.     

图像引导自适应放疗在肺癌治疗中剂量学研究

收集6例肺癌患者,在放疗过程中每完成10次分次治疗后,重新扫描、设计计划,并将新计划应用于下一阶段治疗。经过3个阶段放疗后,肿瘤体积缩减(65．59±17．09)%。3种计划中肿瘤靶区的剂量差异无统计学意义。自适应放疗计划(ART)与调强放疗(IMRT)相比,全肺V20、V30、肺平均剂量( MLD )分别减少2．01%、2．66%、241．78 cGy( P =0．005、0．039、0．026);ART2同 ART1相比,全肺V20、V30、MLD 分别减少3．21%、2．97%、288．64 cGy ( P =0．005、0．013、0．046)。患侧肺V20、V30、MLD减少差异有统计学意义(P<0．05),而健侧肺指标差异无统计学意义。心脏的V50和Dmean、食管的 V55差异无统计学意义。 ART1与IMRT、ART2与 ART1相比,食管的 Dmean平均分别减少261．98 cGy ( P =0．002)、300．43 cGy ( P =0．008)。脊髓的D2%和Dmean也依次降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0．05)。     

大黄缓释膜对大鼠牙周炎的治疗作用

目的：探讨大黄缓释膜对大鼠牙周炎的治疗作用。方法48只Wistar大鼠,随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、复方奥硝唑大黄缓释膜组和大黄缓释膜组。各组大鼠均采用左上颌第一磨牙钢丝结扎、注射细菌内毒素并配以高糖饮食的方法建立牙周炎模型。空白对照组大鼠用生理盐水进行处理。各组大鼠造模2h后给予药物进行治疗,第8天处死。检查大鼠龈出血指数、探针深度、牙槽骨吸收。结果与模型对照组比较,给药组大鼠的龈出血指数、探针深度、牙槽骨吸收均降低（P<0.001）。结论大黄缓释膜对实验性牙周炎有明显的治疗作用。