归因理论在意外创伤者康复进程中的应用

基于为临床心理护理实践拓展理论依据、探讨有效时策之目的,尝试将归因理论应用于意外创伤者康复中,旨在识别伤者在康复中的归因偏差、了解其归因倾向,进而运用强化矫正为其实施归因训练,助其疏导负性情绪、缓解疼痛、提高康复锻炼的依从性。     

后腹腔镜治疗肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤术后病人的临床观察及护理

肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤是指在肾上腺髓质嗜铬性组织内生长的一种能分泌大量儿茶酚胺的肿瘤,手术切除瘤体是目前唯一的治疗手段[1],被认为是高风险和高难度的手术,后腹腔镜肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤手术较传统开放手术具有创伤小、疼痛轻、切口美观、感染少、恢复快等优点,但术后护理仍是整个治疗的关键.我科于2003年10月-2008年10月应用腹腔镜技术实施肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤手术49例,病人术后血压平稳,无肾上腺危象及感染等并发症.现将术后护理总结如下.     

Effectiveness of E-SBIRT intervention in community healthcare institution in China: study proposal for a randomised controlled trial

BackgroundMany studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) in addressing substance use problem. However, owing to the shortage of counsellors, it has not been widely used in China. With the development of smart medicine, we developed a web-based electronic SBIRT (E-SBIRT) program and explored the effectiveness of E-SBIRT in reducing substance use in China.MethodsA randomised controlled trial will be conducted in primary healthcare institutions. Four primary healthcare institutions will be selected and randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group (each institution will recruit 60 participants, and in total, 240 participants will be recruited). The control group will get a pamphlet of drug abuse prevention, and the intervention group will get the E-SBIRT intervention and the pamphlet. Both groups will receive baseline and follow-up assessment at 1 and 3 months after the intervention. The primary outcome is the change in scores on the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Use Involvement Screening Test, and the secondary outcomes include changes in motivation, depression, anxiety, positive/negative emotion, self-esteem, addiction knowledge and addiction severity index.ConclusionsIf the ‘E-SBIRT’ program is found to be effective, it will be an accessible, affordable and widely implementable intervention to help participants at moderate risk of substance use to reduce their consumption. The potential benefit is to provide early intervention to high-risk patients in time and reduce the harmful consequences to individuals and society.Trial registration number{"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT03452241","term_id":"NCT03452241"}}NCT03452241.     

2000～2004年星子县渚溪村血吸虫病疫情监测

目的分析血吸虫病疫情监测效果,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法 2000～2004对渚溪村5～65岁居民采用Kato-Katz法查病,并计算感染率、感染度;对耕牛采用塑料杯顶管法粪检。每年秋季采用系统抽样法查螺1次,捕获钉螺全部解剖。结果人群血吸虫感染率维持在5.0%左右,耕牛血吸虫感染率和螺情不稳定;血吸虫病肝纤维化3级发生率由4.79%下降至1.11%。结论该监测点疫情较稳定。在常规防治工作进行的同时,重点抓好中小学生的健康教育工作。应加强螺情监测力度,做好易感地带灭螺．达到逐步控制血吸虫病的目的。     

晚期血吸虫病患者葡萄糖耐量试验

湖北省洪湖市是血吸虫病重疫区,血吸虫病所致肝硬化患者众多,而肝硬化患者常并发肝源性糖尿病。为此,我们对2004~2005年在本市血吸虫病防治医院住院治疗在册的291例晚期血吸虫病患者进行葡萄糖耐量试验检测,结果报告如下。1临床资料291例患者均为晚期血吸虫病患者,其中腹水型21     

A method of measuring anterior chamber volume using the anterior segment optical coherence tomographer and specialized software

PURPOSE: To describe and evaluate a new method for measuring anterior chamber volume (ACV). DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: The authors measured ACV using the anterior chamber (AC) optical coherence tomographer (OCT) and applied image-processing software developed by them. Repeatability was evaluated. The ACV was measured in patient groups with normal ACs, shallow ACs, and deep ACs. The volume difference before and after laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) was analyzed for the shallow and deep groups. RESULTS: Coefficients of repeatability for intraoperator, interoperator, and interimage measurements were 0.406%, 0.958%, and 0.851%, respectively. The limits of agreement for intraoperator and interoperator measurement were -0.911 microl to 1.343 microl and -7.875 microl to -2.463 microl, respectively. There were significant ACV differences in normal, shallow, and deep AC eyes (P < .001) and before and after LPI in shallow AC (P < .001) and deep AC (P = .008) eyes. CONCLUSIONS: The ACV values obtained by this method were repeatable and in accord with clinical observation.     

安徽省马鞍山市市售臭干子中沙门菌的污染状况及其耐药性与分子流行特征研究

目的 了解安徽省马鞍山市市售臭干子及其生产原料中沙门菌的污染状况、血清型分布、耐药情况及分子流行特征,探讨不同的血清型、分子型与耐药性之间的关系.方法 2020年6-9月采集马鞍山市市售臭干子及其生产加工的辅料等,并对其中的沙门菌进行检测;用微量肉汤稀释法对菌株进行药物敏感性试验;使用脉冲场凝胶电泳和多位点序列分型方法...     

对留置导尿患者医嘱依从性与伴随性尿路感染关系的研究

目的 探讨留置导尿患者的医嘱依从性与留置导尿伴随性尿路感染的关系。方法 确定观察因素和患者是否依从的标准,留取尿标本进行尿培养,然后观察两组患者尿路感染的发生率。所得数据用卡方检验进行统计学处理。结果 留置导尿患者饮水、引流袋放置高度及局部清洁消毒的依从性直接影响留置导尿伴随性尿路感染的发生率(均P<0.01);抗生素应用依从性的高低与留置导尿伴随性尿路感染的发生率无关(均P>0.05)。结论对留置导尿患者护理人员要加强与患者的沟通,对患者进行全面的健康教育,提高患者饮水、引流袋放置高度,局部清洁消毒及抗生素应用的依从性,减少留置导尿伴随性尿路感染的发生,提高治疗效果,改善生活质量。     

Global analysis of metastasis-associated gene expression in primary cultures from clinical specimens of clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma

Metastatic clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a poor prognosis and unpredictable course, and there are no molecular markers that reliably predict ccRCC metastasis. In this study, ccRCC specimens from 84 patients were directly cultured in vitro. Primary cultures from 38 of 94 specimens contained more than 90% tumor cells at the fourth passage. After identification by immunostaining, the primary cultures of metastatic and nonmetastatic ccRCC specimens from the age- and gender-matched patients were subjected to cDNA microarray assays. A total of 842 differentially expressed genes with a FDR (false discovery rate) of 4.79% were identified. Pathway analysis and co-occurrence with "cancer", "metastasis" and "invasion" in the literature annotations functionally enriched the 842 genes and provided an indication of the reliability of our microarray assays. Novel genes associated with metastasis were selected based on protein-protein interactions between 205 differentially expressed genes that co-occurred with "metastasis" and those that did not co-occur with "metastasis" on Medline, and the results of co-expression analysis between the co-occurred genes and unpublished genes. FSTL1, AV722783, SLC15A1, DDX17, ORC2L and PKMYT1 were found to be potential ccRCC metastasis-associated novel genes, according to expression patterns in cultures and tumor tissues. Interestingly, the upregulated genes (CAV1, PKMYT1 and ORC2L) were also upregulated and the downregulated genes (FSTL1, GSTM3, CYR61, SLC15A1 and AV722783) were also downregulated in the primary ccRCC specimens compared with expression in adjacent renal tissues in 37 patients. This study has identified new candidate biomarkers and targets for the early diagnosis and treatment of ccRCC metastasis.