直肠癌根治会阴部造口术后二期股薄肌移植肛门成形

目的　回顾性总结32例直肠癌根治会阴部造口术后二期股薄肌移植肛门成形术的治疗效果。方法　采用Williams 5级评分法对重建前后肛门功能进行评价。结果　二期股薄肌移植肛门成形术前,32例患者肛门功能均在4级以上[4级28.4%(9/32),5级71.6%(23/32)],二期股薄肌移植肛门成形术后肛门功能明显好转。结论　二期股薄肌移植肛门成形术是直肠癌根治会阴部造口术后有效的肛门重建手段。     

绝经后阴道出血的相关因素分析

目的探讨绝经后阴道出血的病因及相关因素。方法对129例绝经后阴道出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果因良性疾病引起的出血占51.16%,非器质性疾病占25.58%,恶性肿瘤占23.26%,患者出血时年龄大,绝经年限长恶性肿瘤发生率高。结论绝经后阴道出血的主要原因是良性疾病和非器质性病变,但恶性肿瘤仍占一定比例。因此对绝经后阴道出血患者应采取综合的检查手段,明确病因,对因治疗。     

腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术126例3年随访结果

目的 探讨腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术(Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy,LRP)治疗局限性前列腺癌的技术可行性和疗效.方法 2000年10月～2004年5月由中山大学附属第三医院泌尿外科同一手术医师对连续126例局限性前列腺癌患者实施经腹LRP.患者平均年龄(62.51±6.7)岁,平均术前PSA(13.36±10.14) ng/ml;临床分期中T1c期占17.46%(22/126),T2a期占48.41%(61/126),T2b期占23.81%(30/126),T2c期占10.32%(13/126).结果 126例手术均获成功,无1例中转开放手术.手术时间110～660 min,平均(250.28±79.44) min;术中出血量150～1 100 ml,平均(354.05±106.13) ml.主要的并发症包括直肠损伤3例(2.38%)、输尿管损伤2例(1.59%).术后切缘阳性率20.63%,在PT2a、PT2b、PT2c、PT3a、PT3b中分别为5.26%(3/57)、26.92%(7/26)、32.14%(9/28)、44.44%(4/9)、50.00%(3/6).术后126例均获得随访,随访时间为36～81个月,平均(55.69±11.81)个月.5年无生化复发率为71%,在PT2和PT3中分别为75%及43%.所有病例6个月内PSA降低至0.2 ng/ml以下;20.63%(26/126)生化复发,平均复发时间为38.19个月(12～60个月).拔管后99例(78.6%)控尿满意,半年完全控尿率达92.6%,1年时达97.8%,3年后所有病例控尿满意,仅2例腹压增加时需尿垫保护,但不超过1块/24 h.保留单侧或双侧性神经者术后6个月80.56%(37/46)获得阴茎满意勃起.结论 我们的结果与国外文献报道的LRP结果相似,表明我们的LRP技术安全、可行.在中国LRP成为治疗早期前列腺癌标准术式之一,随着LRP手术病例数增加和经验积累,还能进一步缩短手术时间、减少手术失血量、手术切缘阳性率和手术并发症.     

PDCA循环在临床急救药品管理中的运用

目的探讨人流术室内空气中单位时间氧化亚氮的变化及对人的影响。方法对80例行人流手术患者在手术前、术者持续工作60min、术者持续工作70min和通风30min分别采样80、40、40、80份，并进行不同时段比较。结果手术70min 92．5％样本N2P释放量〉0.15mg／m^3，与手术前、手术60min及通风30min比较，差异有显著性意义（均P〈0.01）。结论氧化亚氮在无痛人流术操作过程中，时间〉60min会引起人体不适，需采取通风换气的措施，才能使空气净化。     

黏膜瓣式食管胃吻合术抗反流的食管动力学研究

目的寻找一种实用有效的抗反流食管胃吻合术式。方法将食管癌和贲门癌患者464例随机分为黏膜瓣式食管胃吻合术组(A组,175例)、器械食管胃吻合术组(B组,151例)和单纯手工缝合食管胃一层吻合术组(C组,138例)。应用同位素测定胃食管反流指数和24h监测pH值,进行3组间的食管运动功能比较。结果同位素测定胃食管反流指数显示,A组反流阳性率为0,B组为33.3%,C组为6.7%。食管运动功能及24h监测pH显示,A组检测各项指标均接近正常值,B、C组与正常值比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论黏膜瓣式食管胃吻合术式具有优异的抗反流功能,并能有效地防止食管癌、贲门癌术后反流性食管炎的发生。     

Electrophysiological study on differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal stem cells into neuron-like cells in vitro by edaravone

To explore the electrophysiological proper-ties of differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived stromal stem cells (rBMSCs) to neuron-like cells in vitro by edaravone, a new type of free radical scavenger. Methods: Stromal stem cells were separated from rat bone marrow with Ficoll-Paque reagent and expanded in different culture medium in vitro, rBMSCs were induced by edaravone containing serum-free L-DMEM. Morphologic observation and Western blot analysis including the ex-pression of Nav1.6, Kv1.2, Kv1.3, Cav1.2 were performed, and whole patch-clamp technique was used. Results: Cyton contraction and long processes were shown in differentiated stromal stem cells. Nav1.6, Kv1.2, Kv1.3 and Cav1.2 were expressed in both differentiated and undifferentiated cells. However, the expression of channel proteins in differentiated cells was up-regulated. Consistently, their resting potential and outward currents were also enhanced in the differentiated cells, which was especially significant in the outward rectifier potassium current. Conclusion: In vitro, neuron-like cells derived from rBMSCs, induced by edaravone, possess electrophysiologi-cal properties of neurons.     

血管紧张素(1-7)和依那普利拉对烧伤血清离体灌注大鼠心脏功能的影响

Objective To investigate effects of angiotcnsin ( 1-7 ) [ Ang( 1-7 ) ] and enalaprilat on function of isolated rat heart perfused by burn serum. Methods Eighty SD rats were used to prepare burn serum. Hearts of another 24 SD rats were isolated to reproduce Langendorff perfusion model. The rat hearts were divided into different groups with different perfusion fluids as K-H buffer group, K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum group ( burn serum group) , K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum and 2 μg/mL enala-prilat group (enalaprilat group), and K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum and 1 nmol/mL Ang(1-7) group [ Ang(1-7) group]. The rat hearts were perfused for 30 mins with each of above-mentioned fluids in different groups. Then left ventrieular systolic pressure (LVSP) , left ventricular end diastolic pressure ( LV-EDP) , ± dp/dt max, coronary flow(CF) , level of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in respective coronary effluent were determined. Results Compared with LVSP ( 11.2 ± 1.0 kPa, 1 kPa = 7.5 mm Hg), +dp/dt max (642±53 kPa/s), -dp/dt max (380±61 kPa/s) and CF level in K-H buffer group, CF, LVSP(5.9±0.8, 8.0±1.1, 8.9±1.3 kPa, respectively), +dp/dt max(275±37, 454±48, 479±63 kPa/s, respectively), - dp/dt max ( 135±35, 219±47, 277±58 kPa/s, respectively ) of burn serum group, those levels in Ang(1-7) group, and enalaprilat group were decreased obviously(P<0.05 or P <0.01 ), but LVEDP, level of CK and LDH in coronary effluent were increased. Compared with those parameters in burn serum group, CF, LVSP, ±dp/dt max of Ang(1-7) group and enalaprilat group were increased obviously(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and LVEDP, level of CK and LDH in coronary effluent were decreased obviously(P<0.01). Conclusions Ang(1-7) and enalaprilat can effectively improve left ventricular function of isolated rat heart perfused by burn serum and mitigate myocardial injury.     

c-Met及HGF在胃癌及其肝转移灶中的表达

目的:探讨胃癌肝细胞生长因子受体(c-Met)及肝细胞生长因子(HGF)表达与胃癌肝转移间的相关性。方法:晚期胃癌标本59例,其中11例同时有取自左肝外叶的肝转移标本,应用免疫组化方法对上述组织石蜡标本进行检测。结果:59例胃癌中,c-Met阳性率55.8%(33/59),HGF阳性率28.8%(17/59);在29例发生了同时或异时性肝转移的胃癌标本中,c-Met表达率为75.9%(22/29),HGF阳性率为37.9%(11/29),其中c-Met表达率在有和无肝转移组间有显著差异(P<0.05);在11例胃癌肝转移灶中,9例c-Met阳性表达率为81.8%,3例HGF阳性表达率为27.3%。结论:胃癌组织c-Met表达可能与胃癌肝转移行为相关。     

Serial in vivo MR tracking of magnetically labeled neural spheres transplanted in chronic EAE mice.

Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation has been shown to attenuate the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Central to the future success of NSC transplantation in MS is the ability of transplanted cells to migrate from the site of transplantation to relevant foci of disease. Using magnetically labeled mouse neurospheres and human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived neurospheres, we applied serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the biodynamics of transplanted cell migration in a chronic mouse EAE model. Magnetic labeling did not affect the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of cells as multipotential precursors. Cell migration occurred along white matter (WM) tracts (especially the corpus callosum (CC), fimbria, and internal capsule), predominantly early in the acute phase of disease, and in an asymmetric manner. The distance of cell migration correlated well with clinical severity of disease and the number of microglia in the WM tracts, supporting the notion that inflammatory signals promote transplanted cell migration. This study shows for the first time that hESC-derived neural precursors also respond to tissue signals in an MS model, similarly to rodent cells. The results are directly relevant for designing and optimizing cell therapies for MS, and achieving a better understanding of in vivo cell dynamics and cell-tissue interactions.     

合肥市医务人员吸烟状况调查

目的了解合肥市医务人员的吸烟状况及相关知识和行为。方法采用分层抽样的方法在全市范围内抽取3类医疗机构中不同科室医务人员，使用统一问卷，采用询问和自填的方式进行调查。结果合肥市医务人员现在吸烟率为21．2％，戒烟率为7．2%。不同科室医生吸烟率不同（Х^2=50．42，P〈0．001），外科和全科医生较高。医务人员知道吸烟与被动吸烟引起肺部疾病等常见危害，但对其他器官的危害性了解不多。90．6％的医务人员未参加过戒烟培训。结论应加强医务人员烟草危害知识的宣传教育及戒烟技能的培训，使医务人员起到控烟示范作用。