Replication and cumulative effects of GWAS-identified genetic variations for prostate cancer in Asians: a case-control study in the ChinaPCa consortium

A recent genome-wide association study has identified five new genetic variants for prostate cancer susceptibility in a Japanese population, but it is unknown whether these newly identified variants are associated with prostate cancer risk in other populations, including Chinese men. We genotyped these five variants in a case-control study of 1524 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer and 2169 control subjects from the Chinese Consortium for Prostate Cancer Genetics (ChinaPCa). We found that three of the five genetic variants were associated with prostate cancer risk (P = 4.33 × 10(-8) for rs12653946 at 5p15, 4.43 × 10(-5) for rs339331 at 6q22 and 8.42 × 10(-4) for rs9600079 at 13q22, respectively). A cumulative effect was observed in a dose-dependent manner with increasing numbers of risk variant alleles (P(trend) = 2.58 × 10(-13)), and men with 5-6 risk alleles had a 2-fold higher risk of prostate cancer than men with 0-2 risk alleles (odds ratio = 2.26, 95% confidence interval = 1.78-2.87). Furthermore, rs339331 T allele was significantly associated with RFX6 and GPRC6A higher messenger RNA expression, compared with the C allele. However, none of the variants was associated with clinical stage, Gleason score or family history. These results provide further evidence that the risk loci identified in Japanese men also contribute to prostate cancer susceptibility in Chinese men.     

乳腺癌术后胸壁复发再手术时胸壁重建方法探讨(附6例报告)

目的 探讨乳腺癌根治术后,或术后加放疗后,局部胸壁复发需再次手术时,形成全胸壁缺损修复及重建的相应方法.方法 本组6例胸壁缺损大小,部位均不同,采用皮瓣及肌皮瓣修复、人工材料重建胸壁等手术方法.结果 全胸壁缺损宜采用人工材料修补,尤以"三明治"法为优.除1例三个月后因人工材料与机体组织不相容而取出外,余均获得成功.结论 应根据不同部位、不同缺损面积及术后是否放疗而采用相应修复及重建方法,既能提高手术成功率又能提升生存质量.     

Clinical study on the alterations of erythrocyte membrane lipids and Ca2+, Mg2(+)-ATPase activity in hyperthyroid patients]

Erythrocyte membrane cholesterol, phospholipid, basic Ca2+. Mg2+--ATPase activity and the reaction of the enzyme to membrane-free hemolysate solution in vitro were measured in 32 untreated hyperthyroid patients and compared with the results in 30 age matched normal subjects. Erythrocyte membrane basic Ca2+. Mg2+--ATPase activity is found to be significantly higher in hyperthyroidism and has a significantly positive correlation both to the serum T3 Level and pulse pressure. RBC membrane Ca2+. Mg2(+)-ATPase reaction to membrane-free hemolysate solution is weaker than that in the controls. The amount of red blood cell membrane cholesterol is significantly increased and serum cholesterol is decreased in hyperthyroidism. No significant correlation between the enzyme activity and the amount of the erythrocyte lipids were found.     

血液病患者弓形虫感染情况调查

目的 :探讨血液病与弓形虫感染的关系。方法 :采用间接血凝试验 (IHA)与酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)对 6 2例各种血液病患者血清中的弓形虫抗体进行检测 ,并用IHA检测对照组中 85例医院职工、118例献血员、5 8例急性感染性疾病患者及 84例慢性肝病患者血清中的弓形虫抗体。结果 :各种血液病患者IHA阳性率为 2 5 .81% ,ELISA阳性率为 2 9.0 3%。IHA检测医院职工的阳性率为 2 .35 % ,献血员为 2 .5 4 % ,急性感染性疾病为 1.72 % ,慢性肝病为 3.5 7% ,均明显低于血液病患者的阳性率。结论 :血液病患者容易并发弓形虫感染 ,临床上应对此引起高度重视。     

Influence of acid-base changes on the intracellular calcium concentration of neurons in primary culture

The influence of changes in intra- and extracellular pH (pH_i and pH_e, respectively) on the cytosolic, free calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) of neocortical neurons was studied by microspectrofluorometric techniques and the fluorophore fura-2. When, at constant pH_e, pH_i was lowered with the NH₄Cl prepulse technique, or by a transient increase in CO₂ tension, [Ca²⁺]_i invariably increased, the magnitude of the rise being proportional to pH_i. Since similar results were obtained in Ca²⁺-free solutions, the results suggest that the rise in [Ca²⁺]_i was due to calcium release from intracellular stores. The initial alkaline transient during NH₄Cl exposure was associated with a rise in [Ca²⁺]_i. However, this rise seemed to reflect influx of Ca²⁺ from the external solution. Thus, in Ca²⁺-free solution NH₄Cl exposure led to a decrease in [Ca²⁺]_i. This result and others suggest that, at constant pH_e, intracellular alkalosis reduces [Ca²⁺]_i, probably by enhancing sequestration of calcium. When cells were exposed to a CO₂ transient at reduced pH_e, Ca²⁺ rose initially but then fell, often below basal values. Similar results were obtained when extracellular HCO ₃ ^- concentration was reduced at constant CO₂ tension. Unexpectedly, such results were obtained only in Ca²⁺-containing solutions. In Ca²⁺-free solutions, acidosis always raised [Ca²⁺]_i. It is suggested that a lowering of pH_e stimulates extrusion of Ca²⁺ by ATP-driven Ca²⁺/2H⁺ antiport.     

乙肝相关慢加急性肝衰竭患者肝移植术后影响生存的危险因素分析

目的:探讨影响乙肝相关慢加急性肝衰竭患者实施肝移植后短期病死率与长期生存的危险因素。方法:本研究通过前瞻性收集自2018年8月—2021年7月在首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院因乙肝相关慢加急性肝衰竭实施肝移植的患者40例,其中男性36例、女性4例,年龄为(44.5±8.79)岁。统计患者的基本资料、发病情况、肝移植前48...     

The Durability of Recycled Fine Aggregate Concrete: A Review

With the rapid development of urbanization, many new buildings are erected, and old ones are demolished and/or recycled. Thus, the reuse of building materials and improvements in reuse efficiency have become hot research topics. In recent years, scholars around the world have worked on improving recycle aggregates in concrete and broadening the scope of applications of recycled concrete. This paper reviews the findings of research on the effects of recycled fine aggregates (RFAs) on the permeability, drying shrinkage, carbonation, chloride ion penetration, acid resistance, and freeze–thaw resistance of concrete. The results show that the content of old mortar and the quality of recycled concrete are closely related to the durability of prepared RFA concrete. For example, the drying shrinkage value with a 100% RFA replacement rate is twice that of normal concrete, and the depth of carbonation increases by approximately 110%. Moreover, the durability of RFA concrete decreases as the RFA replacement rate and the water–cement ratio improve. Fortunately, the use of zeolite materials such as fly ash, silica fume, and meta kaolin as surface coatings for RFAs or as external admixtures for RFA concrete had a positive effect on durability. Furthermore, the proper mixing methods and/or recycled aggregates with optimized moisture content can further improve the durability of RFA concrete.     

基于“SHA 2011”的山东省中老年骨质疏松治疗费用情况与分析

目的:分析山东省骨质疏松治疗费用规模、人群分布、机构流向、筹资来源等状况与特征,为完善其防治政策等提供参考依据。方法:基于“卫生费用核算体系2011”进行核算和分析。结果:2019年山东省50岁及以上中老年人骨质疏松治疗费用为425 996.92万元,占山东省总治疗费用的15.10%;从骨折部位分类来看,居于前3位骨折部位分别是“髋骨(股骨)”“骨盆、髋臼、腰椎、坐骨骨折”“髌骨、腓骨、胫骨、踝骨骨折”,其治疗费用合计占比为60.26%;其治疗费用主要流向医院;家庭卫生支出总额为210 972.39万元,是治疗费用的主要筹资来源,其占比为49.52%。结论:将预防关口前移,提高骨质疏松症相关知晓率和筛查率;重点防治髋骨骨折,基于具体部位制定精细报销策略;夯实分级诊疗基础,强化基层医疗机构托底作用;依托分级诊疗制度,合理配置骨质疏松医疗资源;优化筹资方案构成,降低家庭个人支出。     

Applied research on serum protein fingerprints for prediction of Qi deficiency syndrome and phlegm and blood stasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

OBJECTIVE:This study screened serum tumor biomarkers by surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(SELDI-TOF-MS) to establish a subset which could be used for the prediction of Qi deficiency syndrome and phlegm and blood stasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer;and as diagnostic model of Chinese medicine.METHODS:Serum samples from 63 lung cancer patients with Qi deficiency syndrome and phlegm and blood stasis,and 28 lung cancer patients with non-Qi deficiency syndrome and phlegm and blood stasis were analyzed using SELDI-TOF-MS with a PBS II-C protein chip reader.Protein profiles were generated using immobilized metal affinity capture(IMAC3) protein chips.Differentially-expressed proteins were screened.Protein peak clustering and classification analyses were performed using Biomarker Wizard and Biomarker Pattern software packages,respectively.RESULTS:A total of 268 effective protein peaks were detected in the 1,000-10,000 Da molecular range for the 15 serum proteins screened(P<0.05).The decision tree model was M 2284.97,with a sensitivity of 96.2% and a specificity of 66.7%.CONCLUSION:SELDI-TOF-MS techniques,combined with a decision tree model,can help identify serum proteomic biomarkers related to Qi deficiency syndrome and phlegm and blood stasis in lung cancer patients;and the predictive model can be used to discriminate between Chinese medicine diagnostic models of disease.     

Eating fast leads to insulin resistance: findings in middle-aged Japanese men and women

OBJECTIVE: To examine relationships between speed of eating and insulin resistance. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 2704 male (mean age and BMI: 48.2 y and 23.3 kg/m(2)) and 761 female (46.3 y and 21.8 kg/m(2)) non-diabetic Japanese civil servants, 75% clerical, and 25% manual laborers, using a two-part questionnaire on life-style factors and diet history with self-assessment of categorical speed of eating and energy intake over a 1-month period. We measured BMI, blood glucose and insulin concentrations and calculated insulin resistance using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance: (HOMA-IR). RESULTS: BMI correlated with eating rate in both sexes, and with daily energy intake in men. Multiple regression analysis of log HOMA-IR by categorical speed of eating, adjusting for age, energy intake and lifestyle factors showed a statistically significant gradual increase in HOMA-IR with increases in relative eating rate in men (p<0.001, for trend) and in women (p<0.01). Adjusting for BMI, this positive relationship appeared only in men (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that eating fast is independently associated with insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese men and women.