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排序方式: 共有682条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
Rosa H Silvério AO Perini RF Arruda CB 《The American journal of gastroenterology》2000,95(5):1290-1293
OBJECTIVE: Infections are regarded as a major complication and an important cause of death in cirrhotics. Alcohol is a predisposing factor to infections in such patients. This study was undertaken to compare the frequency and evolution of bacterial infection among alcoholic and nonalcoholic cirrhotics. METHODS: To observe this relationship, we retrospectively studied a cohort of 382 cirrhotic inpatients, 201 of whom were alcoholic (alcohol intake > or =80 g/day for > or =10 yr) and 181 of whom were nonalcoholic. RESULTS: A total of 128 (33.5%) patients presented with infection upon hospitalization, 78 of whom were alcoholic and 50 of whom were nonalcoholic (p = 0.02). A total of 157 cases of infection were diagnosed, with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis as the most prevalent one (54.1%), followed by pneumonia (18.5%), infection of the soft parts (10.8%), and urinary tract infection (7.0%). Infection and deaths were more frequent in patients with Child-Pugh C than in those with Child-Pugh A/B (p = 0.003, p = 0.0002 respectively). Alcoholic patients with Child-Pugh A/B were more susceptible to infection compared to nonalcoholic patients (p = 0.02), although no difference was noted as to the number of deaths (p = 0.1). With regard to patients with Child-Pugh C, no statistical difference was found in the infections or deaths among alcoholics and nonalcoholics (p = 0.8, p = 0.8). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that, despite the fact that bacterial infections are more common in cirrhotic alcoholics, its seems that the mortality rate is associated more with the severity than with the etiology of the hepatic disease. 相似文献
32.
Carrier detection in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy by determination of very long chain fatty acid levels and by linkage analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
L. D. Notarangelo O. Parolini G. Baiguini F. Buzi C. Paterlini A. Perini M. Rimoldi S. Tiberti G. Uziel Lucia Notarangelo G. Camerino A. G. Ugazio 《European journal of pediatrics》1992,151(10):761-763
Diagnosis of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is based upon demonstration of high levels of very long chain fatty acids. More recently, in addition to biochemical analysis, closely linked DNA probe St14 has been used for prenatal diagnosis in informative families. Identification of heterozygotes is particularly important, both in order to specifically address only carrier females to prenatal diagnosis, and because appropriate dietary therapy is now available to treat those heterozygotes presenting with neurological symptoms. We report two pedigrees in which carrier detection was performed by a combination of biochemical and molecular genetic analysis. Such approach should allow extremely high accuracy in carrier detection. 相似文献
33.
A Ventura P Florean R Pascone R Perini M Pocecco L Lepore 《Helvetica paediatrica acta》1986,41(6):495-500
Three patients with immune neutropenia successfully treated with high dose intravenous IgG (IV IgG) are described. In the first case, the neutropenia had not responded to standard steroid therapy; in the second case, very high doses of steroids were required in order to obtain and maintain remission. In the last case, the steroids were contraindicated because of an underlying immunologic disorder. We suggest that these 3 forms of immune neutropenia might be a good indication for IV IgG treatment. 相似文献
34.
35.
De Angelis MV Capasso M Anghiari C Cavallaro T Di Muzio A Fabrizi GM Uncini A . 《Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS》2004,9(2):121-121
Painful sensory neuropathies consist of a wide range of neuropathies that can involve large as well as small nerve fibres. Even if most cases remain of unknown cause, some of them may be associated with an underlying disorder such as diabetes, HIV, infections, amyloidosis, and Sjogren's syndrome. Since in some cases an autoimmune mechanism has been postulated, we investigated a panel of circulating autoantibodies including anti‐gliadin (AGA), anti‐endomysium (EmA), anti‐transglutaminase (tTGA) and anti‐nuclear (ANA) antibodies in the sera of patients with unexplained painful sensory neuropathies in order to identify other potentially treatable disorders. We tested the sera of 10 patients (4M; 6F) previously investigated for other causes of neuropathies, including anti‐nerve, onconeural, anti‐extractable nuclear, anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic, anti‐thyroglobulin (TgA) and anti‐peroxidase (TPOA) antibodies. We found the presence of AGA positivity in 4 patients (40%), ANA in 7 (70%) and AGA + ANA in 4 (40%), two of whom were negative for celiac disease by gastrointestinal biopsy. None of the patients had EmA positivity. Three (30%) had TgA and TPOA and none had anti‐nerve or onconeural antibodies. Whether the presence of circulating autoantibodies in patients with unexplained painful neuropathy reflects an autoimmune involvement which may be amenable to immune therapy and not only to symptomatic treatment remains to be established. 相似文献
36.
Matteelli A Beltrame A Saleri N Bisoffi Z Allegri R Volonterio A Giola M Perini P Galimberti L Visonà R Donisi A Giani G Scalzini A Gaiera G Ravasio L Anna Carvalho CC Gulletta M;SIRL Study Group 《Journal of travel medicine》2005,12(4):190-196
BACKGROUND: We measured frequency and epidemiologic, clinical, and hematochemical variables associated with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in foreign-born and national patients hospitalized with fever with a history of international travel, and compared the final diagnosis of RTI with the presence of a respiratory syndrome (RS) at presentation. METHODS: A prospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted at tertiary care hospitals in Northern Italy from September 1998 to December 2000. RESULTS: A final diagnosis of RTI was obtained in 40 cases (7.8%), 27 (67.5%) with lower RTI and 13 (32.5%) with upper RTI. The most common RTIs were pneumonia (35%) and pulmonary tuberculosis (15%). A white blood cell count > or = 10,000 and an erythrocyte sedimentation rate > or = 20 mm/h were independently associated with a final diagnosis of RTI; onset of symptoms at > or = 16 days and > or = 75% neutrophils were independently associated with lower RTI. An RS was identified in 51 (9.9%) of 515 travelers. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of a diagnosis of RS for a final diagnosis of RTI were 67.5%, 94.9%, 52.9%, and 97.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis were frequent among foreign-born and national travelers with fever admitted to a tertiary care hospital. Half of the pneumonia cases did not present with an RS at first clinical examination. 相似文献
37.
M A Morphy G A Fava G I Perini G Molnar M Zielezny J Lisansky 《Psychiatry research》1985,15(2):153-158
The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and the metyrapone test (MT), a useful and reliable procedure for assessing the integrity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, were performed in 28 patients suffering from major depressive illness with melancholia. The relationship between the DST and MT appeared to be complex. Patients who failed to suppress cortisol secretion after dexamethasone administration had higher postmetyrapone cortexolone levels and cortexolone/cortisol ratios than suppressors. However, there was a wide range of metyrapone responses in patients exhibiting abnormal DST results. This suggests that failure of adequate suppression after 1 mg of dexamethasone in depressed patients does not necessarily reflect homogeneity in the HPA axis disturbances of such patients. 相似文献
38.
39.
Freo U Ori C Weiss SR Perini GI 《Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)》2005,112(11):1447-1462
Summary. The time course and the relation to dose of locomotor activity and of the regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (rCMRglc)
were measured in freely moving Sprague-Dawley rats after intracerebroventricular administration of ovine corticotropin releasing
factor (oCRF). Motor activity was determined using a familiar photocage cell. rCMRglc was measured, using the quantitative
autoradiographic [14C]2-deoxyglucose procedure, in 73 brain regions at 10, 30, 90 and 180 min after administration of oCRF 10 μg and at 90 min
after oCRF 0.1, 1 and 100 μg. oCRF 10 μg increased motor activity in a sustained fashion and increased rCMRglc with different
time courses throughout brain regions. In cerebellar regions rCMRglc increases peaked at 90 min and were sustained up to 180 min.
In non-cerebellar regions rCMRglc increases peaked at 90 min but declined thereafter. At lower doses (0.1 and 1 μg) oCRF increased
rCMRglc in fewer brain regions (1 and 5 regions affected, average increases 1% and 7%) including cerebellar areas and brainstem
sensory nuclei and decreased rCMRglc in medial prefrontal cortex. At the highest dose (100 μg) oCRF induced large and widespread
rCMRglc increases in cerebellar, brainstem, hypothalamic, limbic and neocortical areas (40 brain regions affected, average
increase 32%). The findings indicate that cerebellar areas and brainstem nuclei are highly sensitive to oCRF and may mediate
oCRF autonomic and behavioral effects. 相似文献
40.
Brambilla F Mellado C Alciati A Pisu MG Purdy RH Zanone S Perini G Serra M Serra M Biggio G 《Psychiatry research》2005,135(3):185-190
Plasma concentrations of neuroactive steroids in men with panic disorder (PD) were measured to evaluate their relations to psychopathology both before and during treatment. Participants comprised 13 men with PD and 10 normal controls. Patients were evaluated while drug-free as well as after 1 and 2 months of paroxetine therapy. Psychopathology was assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Panic-Associated Symptom Scale, and the Fear Questionnaire total score. Plasma concentrations of steroids were measured by radioimmunoassay. The plasma concentrations of progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone were greater in drug-free patients than in controls, whereas those of allopregnanolone and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone did not differ between the two groups. Paroxetine treatment for 2 months significantly increased the plasma concentration of allopregnanolone but did not affect those of the other steroids. At 2 months of therapy, allopregnanolone concentrations in patients were significantly greater than those in controls. The plasma concentrations of progesterone and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone correlated with the STAI state score in patients before treatment. Our data suggest that neuroactive steroids may play a role in PD in men. 相似文献