逆转录病毒转染法建立耐药性大鼠CRBH-7919细胞系

目的:建立高效、稳定的大鼠CRBH-7919多药耐药细胞系.方法:利用逆转录病毒转染法将带有mdr1 cDNA全序列的逆转录病毒载体pHaMDR转入到大鼠CRBH-7919细胞中,MTT法检测细胞系在不同化疗药物作用下的存活率;免疫组化检测细胞的P-糖蛋白(P-GP)表达,RT-PCR检测细胞内mdr1 mRNA的表达量,PCR检测mdr1基因转移到细胞内的基因片段.结果:转基因的细胞系对阿霉素、丝裂霉素的耐药性分别提高 9和7.9倍,免疫组化见转基因细胞系P-GP表达增加,RT-PCR示细胞内mdr1 mRNA的表达量增加,PCR表明转基因细胞内扩增出mdr1片段.结论:利用逆转录病毒转染法成功建立了大鼠CRBH-7919多药耐药细胞系,该细胞系具有耐药强度高、耐药性稳定等特点.     

达芬奇机器人胃癌根治术的近期可行性和安全性分析

目的：探讨机器人辅助胃切除术（RAG）治疗胃癌的可行性与近期安全性。 方法：回顾性分析在2017年1月—2018年2月期间235例行胃癌根治性手术的患者资料,其中100例行RAG,135例行腹腔镜辅助胃切除术（LAG）。比较两组相关临床指标。 结果：两组患者的人口学特征和临床病理特征相匹配。无论是全组或按BMI、切除类型和年龄所分的亚组中,RAG组均较LAG组术后住院时间减少、肛门排气时间缩短、淋巴结清扫数目增加（均P<0.05）。进一步分析发现,RAG组淋巴结清扫数目的增加主要在于第6、7、10、11p、14v组平均清扫淋巴结数目的增加（均P<0.05）。两组在手术时间、手术出血量、进流质饮食时间和术后并发症发生率方面无统计学差异（均P>0.05）。 结论：RAG治疗胃癌是一种安全可行的方法,但其远期结果及预后还需更多研究来进一步评估。     

重度膝关节外翻畸形的全膝关节置换术

 目的 探讨重度膝关节外翻畸形全膝关节置换术的手术方法及临床效果。方法 对2007年1月至2012年12月采用全膝关节置换治疗的重度膝关节外翻畸形患者22例（23膝）进行回顾性分析。男7例,女15例;年龄41~78岁,平均65岁。股胫角（股骨和胫骨解剖轴线的夹角）22°~50°,平均为34.6°。骨关节炎17例,类风湿关节炎5例。髌骨完全脱位3例3膝,内侧不稳定1例1膝,屈曲挛缩畸形3例4膝。21例22膝采用后稳定型假体,1例1膝采用限制型假体。髌旁内侧入路、常规截骨及单纯外侧软组织松解,术中行髌骨置换5例。以膝关节活动度、X线股胫角及美国特种外科医院（Hospital for Special Surgery,HSS）膝关节评分评价术后疗效。结果 全部病例随访时间1~5年,平均2.5年。膝关节活动度由术前平均43.7°±5.8°（0°~80°）提高至末次随访时110.6°±7.5°（80°~130°）,HSS膝关节评分由术前平均（19.6±4.7）分（6~34分）提高至末次随访时（89.7±3.6）分（84~96分）,手术前后的差异有统计学意义。外翻畸形基本得到矫正,末次随访时股胫角平均为8.6°±0.8°（0°~12°）,较术前34.6°±2.4°（22°~50°）明显改善,手术前后的差异有统计学意义。术后2例2膝有膝关节内侧不稳症状,给予膝关节支具保护;1例1膝术前严重髌骨脱位患者术后存在半脱位,未予特殊处理;2例2膝术后出现腓总神经麻痹,未予特殊处理。随访期间未发生感染、松动及深静脉血栓形成等并发症。结论 对重度膝关节外翻畸形患者可采用常规截骨、单纯外侧软组织松解及后稳定型假体植入,能较好地矫正外翻畸形,近期疗效满意。     

战区医院放射科现状调查与提升卫勤保障能力研究

目的：对战区医院放射科现状进行全面调查,在此基础上制定切实可行的提升放射卫勤保障能力的方案。方法：通过实地考察、问卷调查的方式对战区放射科机器装备、人员配置、业务开展情况及信息数字化水平等内容开展全面调查和改进。结果：90％的卫生队和60％的门诊部放射科普遍存在设备简陋、陈旧、档次低等现象,辐射防护不达标,并未实现数字化摄影技术。而中心医院级设备较为先进,但人员编制方面军人少、初级职称多、招聘人员所学专业混杂,20％-25％的人员为非影像专业。结论：建立配套的质量管理体系,提高对辐射检查的认识,加强医学影像检查中的质量控制工作,建立区域内的数字信息化系统,并实现无线数字图像传输,保证在野战条件下进行放射检查,可为应对突发事件奠定坚实基础和提供可靠保障。     

Morinda Citrifolia (Noni) Reduces Cancer Risk in Current Smokers by Decreasing Aromatic DNA Adducts

Quantitative determination of aromatic DNA adducts in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of current smokers is an useful surrogate biomarker for the evaluation of environmental carcinogen exposure or chemopreventive intervention. In this study, we examined the impact of Tahitian Noni Juice (TNJ) on the aromatic DNA adducts of PBLs, before and after a 1-mo intervention, using ³²P postlabeling assay. Of 283 enrolled, 203 smokers completed the trial. Aromatic DNA adducts levels in all participants were significantly reduced by 44.9% (P < 0.001) after drinking 1 to 4 oz of TNJ for 1 mo. Dose-dependent analyses of aromatic DNA adduct levels showed reductions of 49.7% (P < 0.001) in the 1-oz TNJ group and 37.6% (P < 0.001) in the 4-oz TNJ group. Gender-specific analyses resulted in no significant differences in the 4-oz TNJ groups. Interestingly, the 1-oz TNJ group showed a reduction of 43.1% (P < 0.001) in females compared with 56.1% (P < 0.001) in males. The results suggest that drinking 1 to 4 oz of TNJ daily may reduce the cancer risk in heavy cigarette smokers by blocking carcinogen-DNA binding or excising DNA adducts from genomic DNA.     

Oral Caffeine During Voluntary Exercise Markedly Inhibits Skin Carcinogenesis and Decreases Inflammatory Cytokines in UVB-Treated Mice

Ultraviolet B (UVB)-pretreated SKH-1 mice were treated with water, caffeine (0.1 mg/ml), voluntary running wheel exercise (RW) or caffeine together with RW for 14 wk. Treatment of the mice with caffeine, RW, or caffeine plus RW decreased skin tumors per mouse by 27%, 35%, and 62%, respectively, and the tumor volume per mouse was decreased by 61%, 70%, and 85%, respectively. In mechanistic studies, mice were treated with water, caffeine, RW, or caffeine plus RW for 2 wk prior to a single irradiation with UVB. Caffeine plus RW increased RW activity by 22% when compared with RW alone. Caffeine ingestion was not significantly different between groups. Treatment of mice with caffeine plus RW for 2 wk decreased the weight of the parametrial fat pads and stimulated the formation of UVB-induced apoptosis to a greater extent than treatment with caffeine or RW alone. An antibody array revealed that caffeine plus RW administered to mice fed a high-fat diet and irradiated with UVB decreased the epidermal levels of lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine, soluble TNF alpha receptor-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1γ. Overall, caffeine during RW exerts a stronger effect than either treatment alone for decreasing tissue fat, increasing UVB-induced apoptosis, lowering the levels of cytokines associated with inflammation and for inhibiting UVB-induced carcinogenesis.     

Association Between Prediagnostic Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration and Glioma

There are no previous studies of the association between prediagnostic serum vitamin D concentration and glioma. Vitamin D has immunosuppressive properties; as does glioma. It was, therefore, our hypothesis that elevated vitamin D concentration would increase glioma risk. We conducted a nested case-control study using specimens from the Janus Serum Bank cohort in Norway. Blood donors who were subsequently diagnosed with glioma (n = 592), between 1974 and 2007, were matched to donors without glioma (n = 1112) on date and age at blood collection and sex. We measured 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], an indicator of vitamin D availability, using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Seasonally adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated for each control quintile of 25(OH)D using conditional logistic regression. Among men diagnosed with high grade glioma >56, we found a negative trend (P = .04). Men diagnosed ≤ 56 showed a borderline positive trend (P = .08). High levels (>66 nmol/L) of 25(OH)D in men >56 were inversely related to high grade glioma from ≥2 yr before diagnosis (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.38, 0.91) to ≥15 yr before diagnosis (OR = 0.61; 95% CI = 0.38,0.96). Our findings are consistent long before glioma diagnosis and are therefore unlikely to reflect preclinical disease.     

Consistent Iodine Status Assessment in Chinese Adults by Different Spot Urinary Iodine Concentrations in a Day Together With Corresponding Correction Coefficients

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the correction coefficients of different spot urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) in a day to predict the early morning UIC, to make the different spot UICs of a day comparable in assessing iodine status in the same population.

Methods: In total, 424 participants aged 18 to 28?years were recruited from Tianjin, China. Three spot urine samples were collected from each participant during three periods of the day (6:30–7:00, 10:00–10:30, and 16:00–16:30). A total of 1272 urine samples were collected. A 24-hour dietary record was reported by each participant for 3 consecutive days.

Results: Both the UICs at 10:00–10:30 and 16:00–16:30 were higher than that at 6:30–7:00 (181.75 or 198.15μg/L vs 157.69?μg/L; all p?<?0.05). Bland-Altman plot showed no good agreements between the other two spot UICs and that at 6:30–7:00 with both Bland-Altman indexes of 7.1%. Correction coefficients used to predict UIC at 6:30–7:00 from the UIC at 10:00–10:30 and 16:00–16:30 were 0.9231 and 0.8592, respectively. The predicted UICs at 6:30–7:00 by using the UIC at 10:00–10:30 and 16:00–16:30 both had no statistically significant difference with the actual UIC at 6:30–7:00 (all p?>?0.05). Bland-Altman plot showed good agreements between the predicted UICs and actual UICs at 6:30–7:00 with both Bland-Altman indexes of 4.5%.

Conclusions: It was reliable to predict the early morning UIC using correction coefficients of other spot UIC of the day, which gave a new idea for standardizing the methodology of surveys assessing iodine status of a population.     

How to distinguish between inconsistencies in CTA results and DSA findings

Renovascular hypertension (RVH) is a common cause of secondary hypertension. Noninvasive tests such as computed tomography angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography have a high specificity and sensitivity for the diagnosis. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is, however, the gold standard with which RVH can be reliably diagnosed. We report the case of a 30-year-old Chinese man with right ureter malformation and stenosis of the entire right renal artery. We discuss how to distinguish between inconsistencies in CTA results and DSA findings. Interobserver variability is an important factor that leads to such inconsistencies and cannot be ignored. Importantly, clinicians should combine imaging findings with the patient’s medical history and clinical manifestations rather than blindly believing the DSA results so as to avoid unnecessary medical disputes.     

Regression of Myocardial Dysfunction After Switching from Desferrioxamine to Deferiprone Therapy in β-Thalassemia Major Patients

This study tries to compare the cardioprotective effects of the desferrioxamine (DFO) and deferiprone (L1) therapies on thalassemia major patients. We enrolled nine patients with thalassemia major complicated by some degree of myocardial dysfunction. These patients, recipients of >10 years of DFO injection therapy, were switched from DFO to L1. Echocardiographic measures of left ventricular systolic, diastolic and global functions, were assessed regularly every 6 months. Mean values of each parameter for the DFO and L1 treatment periods were compared using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Global cardiac function improved significantly. Myocardial dysfunction in patients with thalassemia major can be reversed by regular use of the oral iron chelator L1.