银杏叶提取物与去铁胺合用防治顺铂耳毒性实验研究

目的银杏叶提取物-金纳多(extract of Ginkgo Biloba leaves injection,EGb)和铁螯合剂-去铁胺(Deferoxamine,DFO)联合应用对抗顺铂(Cisplatin,CDDP)耳毒性的作用。方法将豚鼠随机分为CDDP组、EGb组、DFO组、EGb+DFO组及对照组,测定听性脑千反应(auditory brain—stem response,ABR)、血清超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量及应用光镜、及扫描电镜技术,观察用药前后各指标的变化。结果CDDP组动物ABR阈值较其他各组明显升高(P<0．01),其余各组间差异不显著(P>0．05)。血清SOD活性和MDA含量检测表明,CDDP组血清SOD活性较对照组明显降低(P<0．01),MDA含量显著升高(P<0．01),其他组较对照组则差异无显著性(P>0．05)。耳蜗扫描电镜显示EGb+DFO组和DFO组比CDDP组毛细胞受损程度明显为轻,EGb组较CDDP组毛细胞受损程度略微减轻。结论DFO与EGb合用,可有效减轻CDDP的耳毒性作用,其效果优于单独应用EGb,与单独应用DFO效果相当,二者合用还可能减轻顺铂的骨髓抑制副作用。结果提示铁离子参与的自由基反应可能是顺铂耳毒性机制之一。     

父母对PNS的认知度及对患儿的护理程度与PNS患儿复发的相关性研究

[目的]探讨患儿父母对原发性肾病综合征(PNS)的认知度及对患儿的护理程度与PNS患儿复发的关系。[方法]选择2009年1月1日—2011年12月31日在我科住院的PNS患儿76例,进行跟踪随访,随访时间为1年。随访内容为父母对PNS的认知度、对患儿的护理程度、患儿复发原因。对资料进行单因素分析。[结果]患儿父母对PNS的认知度差、对患儿的护理程度差与PNS患儿复发存在正相关。感染、不规范应用激素为PNS患儿复发的危险因素。[结论]在临床工作中应充分重视父母对PNS的认知度评估,进行有针对性的健康教育及以家庭为中心的护理,提高父母对患儿的护理程度,以减少PNS复发。     

血清斯钙素⁃1在稳定期慢性阻塞性肺病中的表达及意义

目的：探讨斯钙素?1（stanniocalcin?1,STC1）在稳定期慢性阻塞性肺病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD）患者血清中的表达及意义。方法：收集55例稳定期COPD患者,根据肺功能和问卷评分进行相应分组,且以24例健康者作为对照。采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定各研究对象的血清斯钙素?1表达情况,进行相关分析。结果：①与健康对照组相比,稳定期COPD患者血清斯钙素?1表达水平明显降低（P < 0.05）。②血清斯钙素?1在初筛COPD上具有一定价值（P=0.025,AUC=0.659）,最佳阈值为1 350 pg/mL（敏感度81.82%;特异度50.00%）。③血清斯钙素?1与稳定期COPD患者病情严重程度［包括GOLD分级、慢阻肺评估测试（COPD assessment test,CAT）评分、ABCD分组、肺功能］无明显相关性。结论：血清斯钙素?1在COPD中显著降低,可能对于COPD的诊治具有一定临床意义。     

X射线照射量(治疗水平)标准装置的研究和建立

Ｘ射线照射量（治疗水平）标准装置是由标准剂量仪，Ｘ射线照射源，测量车、定位系统及其辅助设备组成，本文作者主要介绍标准装置各个部分的构成及技术参数，该标准装置于１９９１年通过国家技术监督局认证，尔后，正式开展放射仪表的检定和校准工作。     

Choosing calcium channel blockers for pregnant women with paroxysmal supraventriclar tachycardia and preterm labor: a case report

Preterm labor is a major clinical hazard causing both maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) complicated by preterm labor is rare. Of the many drugs used to treat PSVT, only calcium channel blockers are tocolytics. Here, we present the case of a 29-year-old female admitted to our ward with previously diagnosed PSVT and preterm labor at 31 weeks' gestation of her fourth pregnancy. Calcium channel blockers were administered and her uterine contractions subsided. Afterwards, no side effects were noted and she suffered no further tachycardic attacks during her pregnancy. She successfully delivered a full-term baby and received subsequent regular follow-up at the outpatient clinic.     

巴马神酒调节免疫及抗脂质过氧化药理作用研究

摘 要 目的： 观察巴马神酒对小鼠免疫功能、肝脏脂质过氧化损伤及游泳耐力的药理作用。方法: 采用碳粒廓清实验法及环磷酰胺致小鼠免疫低下模型评价巴马神酒对免疫功能的作用;建立四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤模型,以血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸转移酶（AST）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）以及丙二醛（MDA）的水平,评价巴马神酒抗肝脏脂质过氧化损伤作用;以小鼠负重游泳的持续时间,评价巴马神酒提高游泳耐力的功能。结果: 巴马神酒能提高小鼠吞噬指数K及吞噬系数α（与空白组比较,P<0.01或P<0.05）;对环磷酰胺诱发的胸腺、脾脏脏器指数的下降有一定的提高（与模型组比较,P<0.05）;能够降低四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤血清中AST、ALT含量,降低血清MDA的含量,增强SOD的活性（与模型组比较,P<0.01或P<0.05）;可以延长小鼠负重游泳时间（与空白组比较,P<0.01或P<0.05）。结论: 巴马神酒具有提升小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬能力、保护免疫低下小鼠的胸腺和脾脏指数的作用,并具有抗肝脏脂质过氧化损伤和提高游泳耐力的作用。     

Is it possible to rapidly and noninvasively identify different plants from Asteraceae using electronic nose with multiple mathematical algorithms?

Many plants originating from the Asteraceae family are applied as herbal medicines and also beverage ingredients in Asian areas, particularly in China. However, they may be confused due to their similar odor, especially when ground into powder, losing their typical macroscopic characteristics. In this paper, 11 different multiple mathematical algorithms, which are commonly used in data processing, were utilized and compared to analyze the electronic nose (E-nose) response signals of different plants from Asteraceae family. Results demonstrate that three-dimensional plot scatter figure of principal component analysis with less extracted components could offer the identification results more visually; simultaneously, all nine kinds of artificial neural network could give classification accuracies at 100%. This paper presents a rapid, accurate, and effective method to distinguish Asteraceae plants based on their response signals in E-nose. It also gives insights to further studies, such as to find unique sensors that are more sensitive and exclusive to volatile components in Chinese herbal medicines and to improve the identification ability of E-nose. Screening sensors made by other novel materials would be also an interesting way to improve identification capability of E-nose.     

Azathioprine-induced toxoplasma gondii infection in a patient with Crohn's disease with NUDT15 variation: A case report

Introduction:Azathioprine (AZA) has been widely used for the treatment of various immune-related diseases and has become a mainstay in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. However, patients with genetic mutations may experience severe adverse events when treated with azathioprine. Most of the previous literature focused on the TPMP gene-related adverse reactions, herein, we report a case of Crohn''s disease patient with nucleoside diphosphate-linked moiety X motif 15 gene (NUDT15) variation and wild-type TPMP gene who developed toxoplasma gondii infection after azathioprine treatment.Patient concerns:A 56-year-old Crohn''s disease patient developed toxoplasma gondii infection within 2 months after the administration of azathioprine; however, he had no relevant high-risk factors.Diagnosis:Subsequent genetic testing revealed that the patient was heterozygous for NUDT15. Therefore, it was reasonable to consider that the patient''s genetic mutation resulted in reduced tolerance to azathioprine, leading to low immunity and eventually toxoplasma infection.Interventions:AZA was then discontinued; after anti-infection, antipyretic and other supportive treatments were administered, the patient''s condition gradually improved.Outcomes:The patient was followed up at 1, 3, and 6 months after discharge; fortunately, he was in good health.Conclusion:We report a case of Crohn''s disease in a patient who developed severe pneumonia caused by toxoplasma gondii infection due to the administration of AZA, with normal TPMP gene but NUDT15 gene mutation. This indicates that NUDT15 variation may contribute to severe adverse events in patients treated with azathioprine, and we suggest that NUDT15 genotype be detected before the use of azathioprine in order to provide personalized therapy and reduce side effects.