应用超声生物显微镜与房角镜检查眼前房角结果的比较

目的 比较应用超声生物显微镜（ｕｌｔｒａｓｏｕｎｄｂｉｏｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｙ,ＵＢＭ）与房角镜检查眼前房角的结果,为房角镜检查提供新的技术和资料。方法 采用双盲法分别对１０例（２０只眼）的眼前房角进行超声生物显微镜和裂隙灯显微镜房角镜检查。并将两种检查结果进行比较,采用等级相关法对获取的资料和结果进行统计学分析,（取α＝０．０５）。结果,两种检查法在宽房角状态下对房角的检查结果有较好的一致性, 在     

无症状鼻咽癌临床分析和长期随访研究

目的：观察无症状鼻咽癌Epstein-Barr(EB)病毒血清学、鼻咽纤维镜表现和预后。方法：1986年12月采用免疫酶标法检测血清EB病毒壳抗原抗体（viral capsid antigen‘s IgA,VCA-IgA)、早期抗原抗体（early antigen‘s IgA,EA-IgA)，行间接鼻咽镜和鼻咽纤维镜检查及多部位活体组织检查。确诊鼻咽癌后行根治性放射治疗，随访至1999年底。结果：早期无症状鼻咽癌患者确诊时血清EB病毒VCA－IgA、EA－IgA抗体水平分别为1：100．79、1：10．76，与有症状患者比较差异无显著性意义（P＞0．05）。有、无症状患者生存率比较差异有显著性意义（χ^2=6.73,P=0.009)。有、无症状患者确诊时血清VCA－IgA、EA－IgA滴度水平与患者预后均无关（P＞0．05），与是否出现颈淋巴结转移无关（P＞0．05）。结论：定期检测EB病毒抗体、鼻咽纤维镜检查及多部位活体组织检查，有助于检出早期鼻咽癌，尤其是无症状鼻咽癌。     

Effects of Danqidihuang Granules on glucolipid metabolism in insulin-resistant rats

Objective

To explore whether the insulin resistance (IR) model could be established through feeding Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats high-sugar and high-fat diets and to further observe the preventive and treatment effects of different doses of Danqidihuang Granules in rats.

Methods

Thirty-two SD rats were divided randomly into control group A (given regular feed), model group B (food high in sugar and fat), intervention group C (food high in sugar and fat as well as regular doses of Danqidihuang Granules), and intervention group D (food high in sugar and fat as well as double doses of Danqidihuang Granules). The interventions were for 8 weeks. Motion, change in color, body weight, and food intake, as well as plasma lipids (including low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINs) levels, insulin sensitivity index (ISI), and insulin resistance index (HOMO-IR) were observed.

Results

At the end of the second week of the experiment, the appetite and activities of rats in groups B, C and D decreased significantly compared with group A. The fur of the rats in those three groups was curly. After the fourth week, the activities, food intake and color of rats in group B were worse than those in groups C and D, but there were no significant differences in weight (P>0.05). Compared with group A, LDL-C, TC, FBG and HOMO-IR in model group B were increased significantly (P<0.05), whereas the FINs and ISI increased obviously (P<0.05). The levels of LDL-C and TC in group D was decreased obviously compared with those in group C, and HOMO-IR in group D was less than that in group B (P<0.05).

Conclusions

Danqidihuang Granules helped to prevent and improved the insulin resistance of rats.     

腹腔镜保留肾单位肾肿瘤切除术对肾细胞癌患者肾功能和预后的影响

目的：分析肾细胞癌患者接受腹腔镜保留肾单位肾肿瘤切除术治疗对其肾功能及预后的影响。方法：收集2017年1月至2022年3月重庆医科大学附属第一医院泌尿外科接诊的肾细胞癌患者182例作为研究对象,采取随机法将患者进行分组,一组应用腹腔镜根治性肾切除术进行治疗,共91例为对照组,另一组应用腹腔镜保留肾单位肾肿瘤切除术进行治疗,共91例为研究组,对比两组患者术后肾功能及预后效果差异性。结果：研究组患者术后住院时间（P=0.011）优于对照组,对照组患者手术期间出血量（P<0.001）及手术时间（P=0.019）优于研究组,差异均有统计学意义;研究组患者手术后24 h血清肌酐水平（P=0.013）低于对照组,差异有统计学意义;研究组患者术后认知功能（P=0.018）、躯体功能（P=0.021）、社会功能（P=0.025）、情绪功能（P=0.032）及总体生活质量（P=0.033）等各维度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义。结论：临床中为肾细胞癌患者提供腹腔镜保留肾单位肾肿瘤切除术进行治疗可以缓解对患者肾功能造成的影响,提升患者手术治疗后的生活质量水平。     

广东省9个城市性病门诊男性就诊者生殖道沙眼衣原体感染危险因素分析

目的 了解性病门诊男性就诊者生殖道沙眼衣原体（genital Chlamydia trachomatis,GCT）感染现状及危险因素,加强该人群GCT监测,为针对该人群开展干预工作提供依据。方法 2015年4-6月结合HIV监测哨点开展研究,选取性病门诊男性就诊者为调查对象,开展匿名问卷调查及检测。结果 本次共纳入就诊者1 749例,平均年龄（39.53±14.36）岁,多数为已婚（73.87%,1 292/1 749）、广东籍（92.28%,1 614/1 749）、汉族（99.49%,1 740/1 749）;GCT阳性率、HIV阳性率、梅毒阳性率、HCV阳性率、淋球菌阳性率、尿常规白细胞阳性率分别为6.06%（106/1 749）、0.46%（8/1 749）、3.43%（60/1 749）、0.45%（7/1 550）、2.74%（48/1 749）、7.89%（138/1 749）。多因素logistic分析显示,GCT感染相关危险因素包括注射吸毒（OR=13.98,95% CI：3.35～58.38）、与男性发生过肛交（OR=3.11,95% CI：1.45～6.71）、淋球菌阳性（OR=9.64,95% CI：5.09～18.24）、尿常规白细胞阳性（OR=1.96,95% CI：1.08～3.55）。结论 广东省性病门诊男性就诊者GCT感染率较高,该人群为性病艾滋病防控的高危人群,应针对不同地区的人群特点,实施精准干预。     

银屑病与肥胖相关性的研究进展

目前普遍认为,银屑病与肥胖之间存在相关性,但确切机制尚未明确。研究认为,共同的炎症通路和胰岛素抵抗等因素可能是二者相关联的共同病因机制之一,了解肥胖对银屑病发病及治疗等方面的影响,将有助于银屑病的治疗。     

Choosing calcium channel blockers for pregnant women with paroxysmal supraventriclar tachycardia and preterm labor: a case report

Preterm labor is a major clinical hazard causing both maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) complicated by preterm labor is rare. Of the many drugs used to treat PSVT, only calcium channel blockers are tocolytics. Here, we present the case of a 29-year-old female admitted to our ward with previously diagnosed PSVT and preterm labor at 31 weeks' gestation of her fourth pregnancy. Calcium channel blockers were administered and her uterine contractions subsided. Afterwards, no side effects were noted and she suffered no further tachycardic attacks during her pregnancy. She successfully delivered a full-term baby and received subsequent regular follow-up at the outpatient clinic.     

Is it possible to rapidly and noninvasively identify different plants from Asteraceae using electronic nose with multiple mathematical algorithms?

Many plants originating from the Asteraceae family are applied as herbal medicines and also beverage ingredients in Asian areas, particularly in China. However, they may be confused due to their similar odor, especially when ground into powder, losing their typical macroscopic characteristics. In this paper, 11 different multiple mathematical algorithms, which are commonly used in data processing, were utilized and compared to analyze the electronic nose (E-nose) response signals of different plants from Asteraceae family. Results demonstrate that three-dimensional plot scatter figure of principal component analysis with less extracted components could offer the identification results more visually; simultaneously, all nine kinds of artificial neural network could give classification accuracies at 100%. This paper presents a rapid, accurate, and effective method to distinguish Asteraceae plants based on their response signals in E-nose. It also gives insights to further studies, such as to find unique sensors that are more sensitive and exclusive to volatile components in Chinese herbal medicines and to improve the identification ability of E-nose. Screening sensors made by other novel materials would be also an interesting way to improve identification capability of E-nose.     

Azathioprine-induced toxoplasma gondii infection in a patient with Crohn's disease with NUDT15 variation: A case report

Introduction:Azathioprine (AZA) has been widely used for the treatment of various immune-related diseases and has become a mainstay in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. However, patients with genetic mutations may experience severe adverse events when treated with azathioprine. Most of the previous literature focused on the TPMP gene-related adverse reactions, herein, we report a case of Crohn''s disease patient with nucleoside diphosphate-linked moiety X motif 15 gene (NUDT15) variation and wild-type TPMP gene who developed toxoplasma gondii infection after azathioprine treatment.Patient concerns:A 56-year-old Crohn''s disease patient developed toxoplasma gondii infection within 2 months after the administration of azathioprine; however, he had no relevant high-risk factors.Diagnosis:Subsequent genetic testing revealed that the patient was heterozygous for NUDT15. Therefore, it was reasonable to consider that the patient''s genetic mutation resulted in reduced tolerance to azathioprine, leading to low immunity and eventually toxoplasma infection.Interventions:AZA was then discontinued; after anti-infection, antipyretic and other supportive treatments were administered, the patient''s condition gradually improved.Outcomes:The patient was followed up at 1, 3, and 6 months after discharge; fortunately, he was in good health.Conclusion:We report a case of Crohn''s disease in a patient who developed severe pneumonia caused by toxoplasma gondii infection due to the administration of AZA, with normal TPMP gene but NUDT15 gene mutation. This indicates that NUDT15 variation may contribute to severe adverse events in patients treated with azathioprine, and we suggest that NUDT15 genotype be detected before the use of azathioprine in order to provide personalized therapy and reduce side effects.     

Association between antiretroviral therapy adherence and employment status: systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo assess the association between the employment status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART).MethodsWe searched the Medline, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases for studies reporting ART adherence and employment status published between January 1980 and September 2014. Information from a wide range of other sources, including the grey literature, was also analysed. Two independent reviewers extracted data on treatment adherence and study characteristics. Study data on the association between being employed and adhering to ART were pooled using a random-effects model. Between-study heterogeneity and sources of bias were evaluated.FindingsThe meta-analysis included 28 studies published between 1996 and 2014 that together involved 8743 HIV-infected individuals from 14 countries. The overall pooled odds ratio (OR) for the association between being employed and adhering to ART was 1.27 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.04–1.55). The association was significant for studies from low-income countries (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.58–2.18) and high-income countries (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.02–1.74) but not middle-income countries (OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.62–1.42). In addition, studies published after 2011 and larger studies showed less association between employment and adherence than earlier and small studies, respectively.ConclusionEmployed HIV-infected individuals, particularly those in low- and high-income countries, were more likely to adhere to ART than unemployed individuals. Further research is needed on the mechanisms by which employment and ART adherence affect each other and on whether employment-creation interventions can positively influence ART adherence, HIV disease progression and quality of life.