八种抗癫痫药物对小鼠马桑内酯惊厥、电惊厥的作用比较及对学习记忆的影响

用两种惊厥模型,通过跳台法和避暗法观察了临床常用的几种抗癲痫药抗惊厥作用,以及对学习记忆的影响。结果表明:对抗马桑内酯惊厥,以硝基安定和氯硝基安定效果最好,苯巴比妥及丙戊酸钠次之,酰胺咪嗪和芹菜甲素无效,而苯妥英钠及抗痫灵则能加重惊厥;在电惊厥模型中,以苯妥英钠和苯巴比妥效果最佳,丙戊酸钠及酰胺咪嗪次之,其它药物无效;除芹菜甲素外,其余七种药物均能削弱记忆获得。硝基安定和氯硝基安定可保护马桑内酯惊厥对记忆的损害,而硝基安定能加重电惊厥对记忆的损害。     

In vitro detection of metastases of small-cell pulmonary carcinoma to the bone marrow using monoclonal antibodies

A panel of five monoclonal antibodies to surface antigens of small-cell pulmonary carcinoma was used for immunodiagnosis of metastases to the bone marrowin vitro in patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lungs. Standard cytomorphological diagnosis revealed metastases to the bone marrow in 6 out of 58 patients (10.3%). Using monoclonal antibodies, positive cells were detected in 12 (20.6%) patients, the tumor nature of the positive cells being undoubted in 7 preparations (12.6%). Five out of 6 cytologically positive cases were confirmed. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 4, pp. 456–458, April, 1996 Presented by N. N. Trapeznikov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

脑内注射白细胞介素－1β对淋巴结细胞应激免疫抑制因子生成的影响

脑内注射白细胞介素－１β对淋巴结细胞应激免疫抑制因子生成的影响李怡凡，左永昌，邵黎，宋德懋，丁桂凤，范少光（北京医科大学生理学系，北京医科大学免疫学系北京１０００８３）我室以前的工作发现束缚应激后，动物血清内出现一类能抑制淋巴细胞转化的因子，进一步的...     

Breast cancer prognosis in three different racial groups in relation to steroid hormone receptor status

Summary Follow-up studies on 466 patients over a 5-year period showed Whites to have an overall significantly longer disease-free interval and survival than Blacks and Asians. No racial differences in prognosis were seen in patients with Stage II disease (p>0.2) but in Stage III, White patients had significantly longer disease-free periods than Blacks or Asians; the same was not true of survival. Whites had a 67% incidence of cytoplasmic estrogen receptor (CER) positive tumors compared with only 49% in Blacks and 41% in Asians. When tumors were assayed for CER, nuclear estrogen receptor (NER), and cytoplasmic progesterone receptor (CPR), there were no racial differences in the proportions of tumors containing all 3 receptors, but significant variations were found in neoplasms with no receptors and in those with apparently defective receptors. In White patients receptor status had no influence on prognosis (p>0.3). Black patients whose tumors contained both CER and NER had a significantly better time to recurrence than those whose tumors lacked these receptors, while in Asian women the presence of CER alone, or CER together with NER, or CER, NER, and CPR, was indicative of a significantly longer disease-free period.     

Combination of surgery and chemotherapy for small-cell bronchial carcinoma

In several test model systems using spontaneous metastasizing experimental tumours, convincing data indicate the importance of the tumour burden left after surgery for the efficacy of the combination of surgery and chemotherapy. Early removal of the primary tumour by radical surgery for cure seems to improve the conditions for chemotherapy. Since 1979, in nine different departments of thoracic surgery, patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) have been randomized after surgery for cure to receive a new sequential intermittent polychemotherapy (sq.CT) of 3 different alternating drug combinations given intermittently over 1 year, or one 4-drug combination chemotherapy (CT) given intermittently over 3 years. The calculation of their life table curves at 1 August 1984 indicated an improvement in the 4-year survival rate of 23 patients receiving sq.CT to about 50%, compared with a survival rate of about 30% for 29 patients receiving CT. The number of patients is still too small for firm conclusions to be drawn, but it is concluded that surgery for SCCL seems to be an advisable measure for the efficacy of aggressive intermittent long-term polychemotherapy. However, this can only be proved in large cooperative studies.     

Combined chemotherapy of advanced soft tissue sarcomas using the platinum derivative cisplatin (platidiam)

The results of treatment of 69 cases of advanced soft tissue sarcomas are presented. Patients were given various drug schemes including cisplatin. Overall response in the study group was 30%. Tumor appeared sensitive to the treatment in 49%. A combination of carminomycin, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide and cisplatin proved to be the most effective (39%). The scheme was effective in both untreated patients and those previously treated with adriamycin. Hematologic toxicity registered in 67% cases was the most severe complication involved in the treatment with the above drug regimen.     

三氧化二β-锗丙酸对硝基苯酯的合成和结构性质

The title compound was synthesized with the view of finding anticancer agents since organogermanium have been reported to have such actions. Tts structure and properties were determined and examined by elemental analysis, IR spectrum, FAB-MS and TG-DTA. The IR spectrum showed the characteristic absorption band of Ge-O bonds at 800～900 cm^-1,indicating the formation of organogermanium sesquioxide. Under fast acom bombardment, the Ge-O-Ge-O network was split, the fragments with R-Ge could combine with 3-mercapto-1,2-propanediol or glycerin easily, forming the new compounds of R-Ge-O-CH and R-Ge-O-CH type. When heated in air, the compound decomposed in three steps, the possible mechanism of thermal decomposition was discussed. The biological activity of the compound is to be determined.