13C hyperfine interactions of CO2- in irradiated tooth enamel as studied by EPR.

The EPR spectrum of tooth enamel caused by ¹³C hyperfine interactions of the CO₂⁻ radical were studied on γ-irradiated powdered samples annealed for 40 min at different temperatures up to 250°C. The lineshape and hyperfine splitting of the spectra were found to depend on the annealing temperature. Experimental spectra were compared with calculated ones assuming that EPR spectra are formed by two CO₂⁻ species—axial (rotating) and orthorhombic (braked) radicals. We assumed that the axial CO₂⁻ radicals are centers located in perfect areas of the hydroxyapatite crystals of tooth enamel whereas the orthorhombic CO₂⁻ radicals are rotating centers which are braked by defects. The thermal treatment of enamel samples leads to defective annealing and transformation of the orthorhombic centers into axial ones. This results in an increasing axial CO₂⁻ radical contribution to the EPR spectrum with increase of annealing temperature.     

Immunomodulating activity of natural killers in patients with breast tumors using vasopressin and interleukin 2 in vitro

The study included 10 female donors, 12 patients with benign and 59 with malignant tumors of the breast at various stages before and after treatment. The immunomodulating effect of vasopressin and interleukin-2 on blood-natural killer functional activity was studied in vitro. Vasopressin dose of 4 x 10(-1) IU/5 x 10(5) cells exerted an immunosuppressive effect while 4 x 10(-5) IU/5 x 10(5) cells stimulated immunity. The stimulating effect of optimal interleukin-2 dosage (20-40 U/5 x 10(5) cells) on natural killer functional activity appeared 1.5-2-times higher than that optimal vasopressin dose (4 x 10(-5)/5 x 10(5) cells). Combined administration of the agents was not followed by increase in overall effect. Sensitivity of blood-natural killer cells in breast cancer patients to vasopressin and interleukin-2 depended upon clinical pattern, stage of tumor and treatment modality.     

Immunoenzyme analysis of the Willebrand factor using monoclonal antibodies]

A method for measuring Willebrand's factor protein has been developed, based on indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay with Soviet monoclonal antibodies to this factor. Normal Willebrand's factor level in the plasma has been found 55-161 percent. The method has been tried in patients with Willebrand's disease and with oncologic diseases.     

Choice of the method in the surgical treatment of cancer of the thoracic part of the esophagus

The optimal approaches to the choice of the surgical treatment of carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus are discussed from analysis of 425 operations. Louis' operation providing for a convenient approach for a rather high resection of the esophagus with one-stage esophagogastric anastomosis is recommended in localization of the tumor in the inferior third of the esophagus. Garlock's operation is indicated only in low localization of the carcinoma (diaphragmatic and supradiaphragmatic segments). In carcinoma of the middle third of the esophagus Dobromyslov-Torek's operation is indicated only for elderly and debilitated patients; in the remaining cases a one-stage intervention (Louis' operation) is recommended. An original modification of esophagogastric anastomosis is suggested.     

Benign esophageal tumors, their diagnosis and treatment

The results of the observation over 15 cases of benign esophageal tumors, diagnostic procedures permitting to precise the esophageal pathology, the validity of the catheterization in the roentgenological examination of the esophagus aimed at the differentiation of a given pathology from esophageal cancer and the treatment results as well are set forth in this work. A complex of diagnostic procedures and features recommended for the differential diagnosis of esophageal diseases is suggested.