Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibition increases glucose‐induced insulin secretion in response to acute restraint

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GROWTH HORMONE ATTENUATES MYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS IN RATS WITH CHRONIC PRESSURE OVERLOAD-INDUCED LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY

• 1 The role of growth hormone (GH) in cardiac remodelling and function in chronic and persistent pressure overload‐induced left ventricular hypertrophy has not been defined. The aim of the present study was to assess short‐term GH treatment on left ventricular function and remodelling in rats with chronic pressure overload‐induced hypertrophy.
• 2 Twenty‐six weeks after induction of ascending aortic stenosis (AAS), rats were treated with daily subcutaneous injections of recombinant human GH (1 mg/kg per day; AAS‐GH group) or saline (AAS‐P group) for 14 days. Sham‐operated animals served as controls. Left ventricular function was assessed by echocardiography before and after GH treatment. Myocardial fibrosis was evaluated by histological analysis.
• 3 Before GH treatment, AAS rats presented similar left ventricular function and structure. Treatment of rats with GH after the AAS procedure did not change bodyweight or heart weight, both of which were higher in the AAS groups than in the controls. After GH treatment, posterior wall shortening velocity (PWSV) was lower in the AAS‐P group than in the control group. However, in the AAS‐GH group, PWSV was between that in the control and AAS‐P groups and did not differ significantly from either group. Fractional collagen (% of total area) was significantly higher in the AAS‐P and AAS‐GH groups compared with control (10.34 ± 1.29, 4.44 ± 1.37 and 1.88 ± 0.88%, respectively; P < 0.05) and was higher still in the AAS‐P group compared with the AAS‐GH group.
• 4 The present study has shown that short‐term administration of GH to rats with chronic pressure overload‐induced left ventricular hypertrophy induces cardioprotection by attenuating myocardial fibrosis.

     

Blood triboluminescence in patients with cancer of the proximal stomach and esophagus]

Total triboluminescence, i.e. optic radiation induced as a result of mechanic activation of venous blood in a TPA-2 triboluminometer, was measured in patients with cancer of the gastric cardia and esophagus, and in healthy subjects. The parameter was assessed in control water samples, too. In the 252-649 nm range, five bands of emission were registered with peaks at 262, 280, 360, 422 and 649 nm subject to variation in certain segments of blood spectrum. Triboluminescence of the venous blood at 280 nm determines for the total triboluminescence registered in the entire spectrum. The triboluminescence of capillary blood at 302 and 418 nm calculated using K coefficient facilitates differentiating between inflammation and cancer. This express test takes less than 1 minute and requires a small blood sample (0.02 ml). The accuracy proved 88%.     

A method for the combined treatment of cancer of the esophagus and cardia by using intensive preoperative gamma teletherapy and intracavity hyperthermia

Local intracavitary hyperthermia and simultaneous intensive-concentrated irradiation were used in 23 patients with esophageal cancer and 64 cases of cardioesophageal malignancy prior to surgery. The procedure for thermometry is described. Hyperthermia was carried out after the second and fifth (out of six) radiation fractions, thermotolerability being taken into account. Complete and partial response rate was 72.7% in the study group compared to 56.5% in controls. The volume fraction of viable parenchyma dropped to 2.1 +/- 0.2% (16.6 +/- 1.5% in controls) whereas the injury index according to Lavnikova rose to 95.0% (58.7% in controls).     

Study of antiblastomogenic action of epidermal chalones. I. The effect of epidermal chalones on some transplantable mouse tumours.

The effect of chalone-containing ethanol extract of rat skin (CCE) on the growth in mice of transplanted uterine cervix and skin carcinomas, hepatoma-22a, sarcoma-180 and leukemia L-1210 was studied. When CCE is added to the suspension of tumour cells (10 mg CCE/100 mg tumour tissue/ml saline) the most obvious retention of tumour growth is observed on squamous-cell carcinoma of uterine cervix (72.6%; p less than 0.01). The effect of CCE on the growth of other transplanted tumours, including the skin carcinoma, is not significant. As compared to the uterine cervix carcinoma, the skin carcinoma lacked its primary squamous-cell structure during the tumour progression. The possibility of applicative use of chalones for cancer control is discussed.     

Relation of spontaneous chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence and resistance of blood serum in patients with cancer of the proximal part of the stomach and esophagus

The levels of spontaneous chemoluminescence of serum in patients with cancer of the proximal part of the stomach and the esophagus were found to be 2-6 times the age-connected norm. The said concentrations decreased by half following radiation treatment, to rise by 75% after surgery. At later periods after surgery, chemoluminescence levels dropped almost to normal unless complications developed. However, in patients with gastroesophageal cancer, the level of spontaneous chemoluminescence remained high over a long period of time. Variation patterns were identical, with an amplitude being significantly lower. Changes in blood serum resistance were insignificant. Scale factor K varied in the range of 6-66. In cases of purulent complications, spontaneous chemoluminescence levels showed a sharp rise, the values of K exceeding 75. This pattern made it easier to differentiate between inflammatory lesions and neoplasia.