全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1253篇 |
免费 | 64篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 14篇 |
儿科学 | 45篇 |
妇产科学 | 17篇 |
基础医学 | 146篇 |
口腔科学 | 12篇 |
临床医学 | 88篇 |
内科学 | 306篇 |
皮肤病学 | 16篇 |
神经病学 | 73篇 |
特种医学 | 61篇 |
外科学 | 261篇 |
综合类 | 38篇 |
预防医学 | 71篇 |
眼科学 | 31篇 |
药学 | 45篇 |
中国医学 | 3篇 |
肿瘤学 | 96篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 34篇 |
2021年 | 46篇 |
2020年 | 25篇 |
2019年 | 38篇 |
2018年 | 36篇 |
2017年 | 22篇 |
2016年 | 22篇 |
2015年 | 41篇 |
2014年 | 56篇 |
2013年 | 55篇 |
2012年 | 101篇 |
2011年 | 110篇 |
2010年 | 66篇 |
2009年 | 51篇 |
2008年 | 82篇 |
2007年 | 83篇 |
2006年 | 64篇 |
2005年 | 63篇 |
2004年 | 56篇 |
2003年 | 54篇 |
2002年 | 42篇 |
2001年 | 16篇 |
2000年 | 23篇 |
1999年 | 19篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
1969年 | 7篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1323条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Intra-Operative Direct Electrical Stimulations of the Central Nervous System: The Salpêtrière Experience With 60 Patients 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Duffau H Capelle L Sichez J Faillot T Abdennour L Law Koune JD Dadoun S Bitar A Arthuis F Van Effenterre R Fohanno D 《Acta neurochirurgica》1999,141(11):1157-1167
Indications of surgical treatment for lesions in the central nervous system depend on the risk of a definitive neurological deficit, related to the benefit of resection. Detection of eloquent areas is then necessary because of major individual variability. Neuro-imaging functional techniques are in development and are beginning to be efficient for cortical sensorymotor mapping, but still lack sensitivity and specificity for language mapping, and remain unable to give real-time data during surgery and to perform sub-cortical mapping. The more precise and reliable method of functional mapping is represented by the intra-operative direct electrical stimulations (DES), which allow identification and preservation of essential pathways for motricity, sensibility and language, at each level of the central nervous system (cortico-subcortical). We report our experience of DES in the surgery of tumours and vascular malformations located in supra-tentorial brain eloquent areas, with a consecutive series of 60 patients operated on under general or local anaesthesia, from November 1996 until May 1999 in our department at La Salpêtrière Hospital. Presenting symptoms in the 60 subjects (39 males, 21 females, mean age: 45 years) were seizures in 37 cases with normal clinical examination, and mild neurological deficit in 29 cases. MRI showed 60 supra-tentorial brain lesions: 30 precentral, 12 postcentral, 14 perisylvian in the dominant hemisphere, 4 deep-seated. All subjects underwent surgical resection using DES, with supratentorial cortico-subcortical mapping under general anaesthesia for motor areas detection in 43 cases and under local anaesthesia for sensori-motor and/or language tasks in 17 cases. The final histological diagnosis was 44 gliomas (31 low-grade and 13 high-grade), 9 metastasis, 3 cavernomas, 4 arteriovenous malformations (AVM). Resection was total or subtotal in 52 cases (87%) and partial in 8 cases (13%). 29 patients had no post-operative deficit, while the other 31 patients were impaired post-operatively, with in all cases, except 3, a complete recovery delayed for 15 days to 3 months (overall morbidity: 5%). The median follow up was 14 months. Intra-operative direct electrical stimulations of the central nervous system constitute a reliable, precise and safe method, allowing the realization of a functional mapping useful for all operations of lesions located in eloquent areas. This technique allows a minimization of definitive post-operative neurological deficit, and concurrently an improvement in the quality of resection. 相似文献
12.
13.
Bitar R Flores O Reverte M López-Novoa JM Macías JF 《International urology and nephrology》2000,32(2):165-169
This study analysed the effect of low doses ofverapamil added to chronic treatment withangiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitors onblood pressure and serum creatinine levels in eightelderly hypertensive patients who had a steadyincrease of
serum creatinine while on ACE inhibitors.The study was performed in eight elderly hypertensivesubjects, five men and three
women (mean age 70 ±2 years; systolic blood pressure 173 ± 4 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure 99 ± 1 mm Hg) andserum creatinine
of 1.60 ± 0.27 mg/dl beforetreatment. During an average of 25 weeks, ACEinhibitors significantly reduced both systolic anddiastolic
blood pressures, but serum creatinine levelswere increased over basal levels (0,68 ± 0,20 mg/dl, p < 0.05). During an average of 10 weeks,the addition of verapamil did not decrease bloodpressure further, but serum creatinine
levels werereduced to baseline. Our study suggests that theaddition of verapamil to ACE inhibitors can reverseACE-induced
increase in creatinine levels in elderlyhypertensive patients in whom this side effect isobserved.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
Farah E Bitar K Aboujaoude S Slaba S Ghayad E 《Le Journal médical libanais. The Lebanese medical journal》2000,48(3):164-167
Behcet's disease is a chronic multisystem vasculitis that is frequent in Lebanon. The great arteries involvement is rare. We report here an unusual case of subclavian artery occlusion (pseudo-Takayasu) with a literature review. 相似文献
15.
Farid Aassouani Oumayma Lahjouji Zakiya Ettilemsany Othman Chama Diallo Mamadou Nizar El Bouardi Meryem Haloua Mohammed fadl Tazi Abdelmalek Ousadden Moulay Youssef Alaoui Lamrani Meryem Boubbou Mustapha Maaroufi Badreeddine Alami 《Radiology Case Reports》2022,17(11):4199
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare and aggressive form of chronic pyelonephritis, it can occur at all age groups but is more common in women than in men, supposedly relating to the increased incidence of urinary tract infections and chronic nephrolithiasis in woman. Computed tomography (CT) findings are very helpful in making the correct diagnosis, but the definitive diagnosis is still based on histology, as there are many differential diagnoses such as renal cell carcinoma and renal tuberculosis. The complications of this type of pyelonephritis are due to the involvement of adjacent organs. The most frequent ones are Psoas abscess, perinephric abscess, and sepsis. Nephrocutaneous and renocolic fistulas are less common. We report a case of a 61-year-old male, who presented to emergency for left-sided lumbar pain for whom radiological investigations confirmed a renocolic fistula complicating xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. The diagnosis of XGP was proven by histopathological examination of the nephrectomy specimen slides, but there was also association with an underlying malignant squamous differentiation consistent with urothelial carcinoma, which was not evident on CT. XGP is a rare variant of chronic pyelonephritis with known imaging features. The treatment of choice is nephrectomy and histopathological examination is required for final diagnosis, as there may be associated renal malignancy. 相似文献
16.
Emma M. H. Slot Wilhelmina Bergmann Ahmet Kinaci Bart de Boer Nizar Moayeri Saskia Redegeld Sander van Thoor Tristan P. C. van Doormaal 《动物模型与实验医学(英文)》2023,6(1):74
BackgroundLiqoseal (Polyganics, B.V.) is a dural sealant patch for preventing postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. It has been extensively tested preclinically and CE (Conformité Européenne) approved for human use after a first cranial in‐human study. However, the safety of Liqoseal for spinal application is still unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of spinal Liqoseal application compared with cranial application using histology and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics.MethodsEight female Dutch Landrace pigs underwent laminectomy, durotomy with standard suturing and Liqoseal application. Three control animals underwent the same procedure without sealant application. The histological characteristics and imaging characteristics of animals with similar survival times were compared to data from a previous cranial porcine model.ResultsSimilar foreign body reactions were observed in spinal and cranial dura. The foreign body reaction consisted of neutrophils and reactive fibroblasts in the first 3 days, changing to a chronic granulomatous inflammatory reaction with an increasing number of macrophages and lymphocytes and the formation of a fibroblast layer on the dura by day 7. Mean Liqoseal plus dura thickness reached a maximum of 1.2 mm (range 0.7–2.0 mm) at day 7.ConclusionThe spinal dural histological reaction to Liqoseal during the first 7 days was similar to the cranial dural reaction. Liqoseal did not swell significantly in both application areas over time. Given the current lack of a safe and effective dural sealant for spinal application, we propose that an in‐human safety study of Liqoseal is the logical next step.Liqoseal is a dural sealant patch to prevent postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Eight female Dutch Landrace pigs underwent laminectomy, durotomy with standard suturing and Liqoseal application. The aim of this study was to assess safety of spinal Liqoseal application using histology and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics in comparison to cranial application. 相似文献
17.
Meriem Haloua Nizar El Bouardi Mohamed Hbibi Badre Eddine Alami Youssef Alaoui Lamrani Mustapha Maaroufi Meryeme Boubbou 《Radiology Case Reports》2022,17(9):3015
Primary intracranial germ cell tumors are rare, often affecting children and young patients. Germinomas are the most common type of germ cell tumors. We present the case of a 10-year-old child, who was admitted with decreased visual acuity, asthenia, polyuro-polydipsic syndrome, and gait disorder. His biological assessment showed an hypocortisolemia and diabetes insipidus. Imaging found a bifocal process in the suprasellar and pineal region, suggestive of a bifocal germinoma. Imaging data and the positivity of human chorionic gonadotrophin in the cerebrospinal fluid were in favor of the diagnosis of bifocal germinal tumor confirmed by biopsy. Currently the patient is hospitalized in pediatric oncology department.The diagnosis of germ cell tumors is based on imaging, tumor marker assays, and biopsy. They are treated by radiation therapy alone or in combination with reduction chemotherapy, and surgery for tumor residues. The location of the tumor usually makes surgery difficult. 相似文献
18.
Vikas A. Gupta Shannon M. Matulis Benjamin G. Barwick R. Devin Bog Conrad W. Shebelut Mala Shanmugam Paola Neri Nizar J. Bahlis Madhav V. Dhodapkar Leonard T. Heffner Craig C. Hofmeister Nisha S. Joseph Sagar Lonial Jonathan L. Kaufman David L. Jaye Ajay K. Nooka Lawrence H. Boise 《Blood cancer journal》2022,12(8)
19.
20.
Bassel El Zorkany Nizar Al Ani Samar Al Emadi Jamal Al Saleh Imad Uthman Yasser El Dershaby Mohamed Mounir Hani Al Moallim 《Clinical rheumatology》2018,37(5):1143-1152
The increasing availability of biosimilar medicines in Middle Eastern regions may provide an opportunity to increase the number of rheumatology patients who have access to traditionally more expensive biologic medicines. However, as well as a lack of real-world data on the use of biosimilar medicines in practice, the availability of intended copies in the region may undermine physician confidence in prescribing legitimate biosimilar medicines. There is a need for regional recommendations for healthcare professionals to ensure that biosimilar drugs can be used safely. Therefore, a literature search was performed with the aim of providing important recommendations for the regulation and use of biosimilar medicines in the Middle East from key opinion leaders in rheumatology from the region. These recommendations focus on improving the availability of relevant real-world data, ensuring that physicians are aware of the difference between intended copies and true biosimilars and ensuring that physicians are responsible for making any prescribing and switching decisions. 相似文献