Zirconia陶瓷头-聚乙烯全髋关节的长期随访

目的: 通过对 28例 (30髋) zirconia-聚乙烯全髋关节的长期随访, 了解Zirconia陶瓷头的实际临床使用效果。方法: 用Harris评分分别评价术前和最后一次随访时髋关节功能。比较术后 1年及最后随访时的X线片, 记录假体松动、假体周围骨溶解、透亮线、及股骨矩吸收情况。根据Liv ermore的方法测量聚乙烯杯的磨损率。比较有骨溶解发生的髋关节与无骨溶解发生的髋关节的聚乙烯磨损率有无差别。结果: 共有 24例 (26髋) 获长期随访, 平均随访 9年 ( 6 ~13年 )。术前平均Harris评分 46分 ( 20 ~78分 ),最后随访时平均Harris评分 86分 (48~98分)。13髋 (50% ) 有假体周围的骨溶解发生。有 10髋 (38% ) 因髋臼假体的松动或髋臼周围骨溶解而接受翻修手术。平均聚乙烯髋臼磨损率为 0. 118mm/年。结论: 在本组研究病例中, 其髋臼磨损率并不比文献报道的传统的金属头低。而临床平均 9年翻修率更达 38%。其临床实际效果有待更深入的研究。     

Increased cytokine secretion in patients with failed implants compared with patients with primary implants

All total joint replacements generate wear debris; yet, some implant prostheses fail while others survive despite the presence of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene particulate. It was hypothesized that patients with failed hip implants who have osteolysis will secrete higher inflammatory cytokines than patients receiving total joint replacements. Our study evaluated the peripheral blood monocyte response to varying polyethylene particle volume ratios through cytokine quantification in two patient populations: patients having revision surgery for failed total hip replacements (failed implant group) and patients having primary total hip surgery for osteoarthritis of the hip (primary implant group). We observed elevation of all three proinflammatory cytokines tested (interleukin-6, interleukin-1, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) in response to polyethylene particulate challenge when compared with the controls in both patient groups. The population with failed implants also had a higher absolute cytokine response to polyethylene exposure compared with the control patients having primary implants. These findings suggest that patients with failed implants have a greater inflammatory cytokine response to polyethylene than seen in patients with primary implants.     

Innate Immunity and Organ Transplantation: The Potential Role of Toll-like Receptors

Traditionally, the recognition and tolerance of transplanted grafts has been considered to be within the realm of the adaptive immune system. Innate immunity, on the other hand, as the first line of host defense, plays a role in fighting against invading microorganisms. Recently, with the discovery of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), the role of innate immune responses in the control of adaptive immunity has become a new area of interest. Emerging evidence suggests that in addition to responding to pathogen-associated molecular patterns of microorganisms, TLRs can be activated by endogenous ligands, expressed by mammalian cells. These 'danger signals' may participate in ischemia-reperfusion related organ damage and subsequently influence function and survival of transplanted grafts. Furthermore, it has been suggested that adaptive immune responses can enhance the acute inflammatory responses controlled by innate immunity in organ transplantation. This review addresses the potential involvement of TLRs in different stages of organ transplantation. Intriguing and controversial findings are presented and discussed in order to stimulate more attention to this emerging and potentially important area of research in organ transplantation.     

Bevacizumab and Temozolomide Plus Radiation Regimen for Glioblastoma Multiforme

The complexity of cancer chemotherapy requires pharmacists be familiar with the complicated regimens and highly toxic agents used. This column reviews various issues related to preparation, dispensing, and administration of antineoplastic therapy, and the agents, both commercially available and investigational, used to treat malignant diseases. Questions or suggestions for topics should be addressed to Dominic A. Solimando, Jr, President, Oncology Pharmacy Services, Inc., 4201 Wilson Blvd #110-545, Arlington, VA 22203, e-mail: OncRxSvc@comcast.net; or J. Aubrey Waddell, Professor, University of Tennessee College of Pharmacy; Oncology Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Blount Memorial Hospital, 907 E. Lamar Alexander Parkway, Maryville, TN 37804, e-mail: ten.retrahc@ruofddaw. Regimen name: Bevacizumab and temozolomide plus radiationOrigin of name: The regimen is named for the 3 components comprising the regimen; bevacizumab, temozolomide, and radiation.     

Bortezomib,Melphalan, and Prednisone (VMP) Regimen for Multiple Myeloma

The complexity of cancer chemotherapy requires pharmacists be familiar with the complicated regimens and highly toxic agents used. This column reviews various issues related to preparation, dispensing, and administration of antineoplastic therapy, and the agents, both commercially available and investigational, used to treat malignant diseases. Questions or suggestions for topics should be addressed to Dominic A. Solimando, Jr, President, Oncology Pharmacy Services, Inc., 4201 Wilson Blvd #110-545, Arlington, VA 22203, e-mail: ten.tsacmoc@cvSxRcnO; or J. Aubrey Waddell, Professor, University of Tennessee College of Pharmacy; Oncology Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Blount Memorial Hospital, 907 E. Lamar Alexander Parkway, Maryville, TN 37804, e-mail: ten.retrahc@ruofddaw.Regimen name: VMPOrigin of name: VMP is an acronym for the 3 drugs (bortezomib [Velcade], melphalan, and prednisone) in the regimen.