Dysfunctional thinking patterns and immigration status as predictors of hearing protection device usage

Background: There is limited research on the role of dysfunctional/irrational thinking processes and immigration status on hearing protection device (HPD) usage.Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of low frustration tolerance (LFT) and immigration status on HPD usage among employees exposed to hazardous industrial noise.Methods: A total of 117 Israeli-borns and 80 new immigrants from former Soviet Union completed a questionnaire. The association between HPD usage and barriers to action, self-efficacy, and LFT (accounting for age, years of exposure, and immigration status) were assessed using ordered logistic regression models.Results: LFT was associated negatively (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = .25, 95%; confidence interval [CI] = .15−.41) with HPD usage. Self-efficacy was a modifier (adjusted OR = 1.47, 95%; CI = 1.34−1.63): the higher the self-efficacy for a given LFT level, the higher the extent of HPD usage. Immigration status was not a significant predictor.Conclusions: HPD usage is associated with both rational and irrational motivations. The role of LFT in hearing protection should be further investigated.     

慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的概念和早期诊断以及治疗

目的　探讨慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻 鼻窦炎 (chronicinvasivefungalrhinosinusitis,CIFRS)的概念、早期诊断与治疗。方法　以最终病理学诊断为依据 ,总结分析 4 8例真菌性鼻 鼻窦炎 (fungalrhinosinusitis,FRS)的病程、临床表现、鼻窦CT、窦内病变特征、窦黏膜表现、组织病理学和真菌学特征、以及 2种治疗方式的疗效。结果　 18例为CIFRS ,早期在病程、临床表现、真菌种类和鼻窦CT特征与非侵袭型真菌性鼻窦炎 (noninvasivefungalrhinosinusitis,NIFRS)相似 ;其中 16例 ( 88 9% )窦内病变为泥石样物 ,15例 ( 83 3% )窦黏膜表现为Ⅲ度以上 ;窦内病变为泥石样物、同时窦黏膜Ⅲ度以上者与病理真菌的符合率为 83 3% ( 15 / 18) ;鼻窦清创术加抗真菌药物治疗治愈率达 81 8%。结论CIFRS进展缓慢 ,临床并非少见 ,早期临床表现缺乏特异性 ,窦内为泥石样物和窦黏膜表现为Ⅲ度以上是其主要鉴别特征 ,早期诊断和鼻窦清创术联合抗真菌药物治疗可望提高治愈率。     

肿瘤相关ACTR基因多聚谷氨酰胺通道的编码序列多态性分析

目的：研究ACTR基因(甲状腺激素受体和视黄醛激活因子activator of retinoid and thyroid receptors，或称乳腺癌扩增基因)中多聚谷氨酰胺通道编码序列多态性与乳腺癌之间的关系。方法：107个DNA样本来自乳腺癌细胞系、原发性乳腺癌、BRCA1／BRCA2突变携带者外周血和正常对照人群外周血，应用PCR克隆／测序方法鉴别个体的每一种特异poly Q编码序列。结果：共发现23种特异的poly Q编码序列，肿瘤细胞系和原发性肿瘤组中拥有超过两个特异poly O编码序列的个体比例明显高于正常对照组人群；肿瘤细胞系和原发性肿瘤组中拥有罕见poly Q编码序列的个体比例亦明显高于正常对照组人群，原发性肿瘤组中拥有至少一个小于27个poly Q重复序列的个体比例明显高于BRCA1／BRCA2突变携带者组。结论：本结果提示ACTR基因的poly O编码序列的在体不稳定性可能作用于乳腺癌的致病过程。     

中耳乳突结核8例分析

目的对中耳乳突结核的诊疗方案进行探讨.方法回顾性分析我科自1986～2003年共收治的中耳乳突结核8例(9耳).其中手术加抗痨治疗6例(7耳),单纯抗痨治疗2例(2耳),均有病理诊断.结果随访6个月～3年,8例(9耳)耳漏均停止,听力改善不明显,手术的6例(7耳)术腔均上皮化,耳漏停止.结论正规抗痨治疗是中耳乳突结核的基本方案,而手术可以清除中耳乳突炎性肉芽及死骨.