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61.
62.
Kana Saito-Iizumi Akio Nakamura Tomona Matsumoto Ayano Fujiki Naoto Yamamoto Tsukasa Saito Takashi Nammoku Kensaku Mori 《Chemosensory perception》2013,6(2):92-100
The perceived intensity of the taste of a food is enhanced only if the odor of the food is perceptually similar to the taste. For example, a caramel-like odor enhances the perceived intensity of sweetness. The way gustatory and olfactory signals are integrated in the brain depends largely on one’s previous experiences with taste and odor pairings. To elucidate the effects of a sweet, sugary odor, ethylmaltol, on sucrose taste, as perceived by the central integration of flavor, we recorded salivary hemodynamic responses to the odor and taste pairings using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) of seven panelists. First, we observed concentration-dependent increases in the amplitude of the responses to 0 to 6 % sucrose solutions. Second, when ethylmaltol odor was added to a 4 % sucrose solution, we observed a significant increase in the amplitude of the responses from all panelists. The addition of ethylmaltol to a tasteless solution caused no significant change in the amplitude of the salivary hemodynamic response. These results indicate that the sweet odor of ethylmaltol enhances the salivary hemodynamic response when combined with a sweet taste. Therefore, a congruent combination of sweet odor and taste greatly enhances salivary responses, which are dependent on the central integration of odor and taste. 相似文献
63.
Tanaka Y Matsumoto I Iwanami K Inoue A Minami R Umeda N Kanamori A Ochiai N Miyazawa K Sugihara M Hayashi T Goto D Ito S Sumida T 《Modern rheumatology / the Japan Rheumatism Association》2012,22(1):128-136
Human six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate4 (STEAP4), an ortholog of mouse tumor necrosis factor-α-induced adipose-related protein (TIARP), plays a role in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-dependent arthritis models. However, its role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still obscure. This study explored such a role for STEAP4. The expressions of STEAP4, TNFα, and IL-6 were compared in synovia of RA and osteoarthritis patients. STEAP4 induction was examined in TNFα-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in vitro. FLS (with/without TNFα stimulation) were also analyzed for IL-6 expression after STEAP4 knockdown, using siRNA or transfection with STEAP4-plasmid DNA. IL-8, cell proliferation, and apoptosis were also evaluated in STEAP4-overexpressing FLS. The expression of STEAP4 in joints correlated with TNFα expression, specifically in RA synovium. In the cultured FLS, STEAP4 protein expression was augmented by TNFα activation, and localized in endosomal/lysosomal compartments. STEAP4 downregulation by siRNA enhanced the expression of IL-6 mRNA, while STEAP4 overexpression suppressed IL-6 and IL-8 expression, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis via caspase-3. The results indicated that human STEAP4 is regulated by TNFα in synovium, where it controls IL-6 secretion and proliferation of FLS, suggesting that STEAP4 might potentially suppress the pathogenesis of TNFα-induced arthritis such as RA. 相似文献
64.
Tomohiro Izumi Toru Hirano Kei Watanabe Atsuki Sano Takui Ito Naoto Endo 《European spine journal》2013,22(11):2569-2574
Background
Two-dimensional imaging is not adequate for evaluating ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). This study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of a novel computed tomography (CT)-based three-dimensional (3D) analysis method that we had devised to measure volume changes in OPLL.Subjects and methods
Twenty OPLL patients (12 male and 8 female; mean age 63.6 years) who were being followed conservatively were examined twice with an interval of at least 1 year between the two scans. The mean interval was 22 (range 12–45) months. A 3D model was created with DICOM data from CT images, using the MIMICS® software to calculate the volume. The mean ossification volume was determined from two measurements. Since ossification size varies widely, evaluation of change in volume is generally affected by the original size. Therefore, the change in ossification volume between the first and second CT examinations was calculated as the annual rate of progression.Results
The type of OPLL was classified as continuous in 3 patients, segmented in 3, and mixed in 14. The mean ossification volume was 1,831.68 mm3 at the first examination and 1,928.31 mm3 at the second, showing a significant mean increase in ossification volume. The mean annual rate of lesion increase was 3.33 % (range 0.08–7.79 %).Conclusion
The 3D method used allowed detailed OPLL classification and quantification of change in the ossified volume. Thus, this method appears to be very useful for quantitative evaluation of OPLL with only minimal measurement error. 相似文献65.
Tomoharu Mochizuki Takashi Sato Osamu Tanifuji Kouichi Kobayashi Yoshio Koga Hiroshi Yamagiwa Go Omori Naoto Endo 《Journal of orthopaedic science》2013,18(1):54-60
Background
Pre- and postoperative knee kinematics in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) can be theoretically related to clinical outcome and longevity after UKA with regard to ligament function and the degree of arthritic changes. However, the preoperative knee kinematics of patients indicated for UKA remain to be elucidated, and it is also unclear whether the preoperative kinematics can be maintained by the UKA procedure. The objective of this study was to examine the in vivo pre- and postoperative three-dimensional knee kinematics in UKA while referencing the normal knee kinematics reported in our previous study.Methods
We analyzed the knee kinematics in 17 knees (14 patients) undergoing UKA via a three-dimensional to two-dimensional registration technique employing femoral condylar translation and femoral axial rotation. The pre- and postoperative knee kinematics during squat motion were evaluated in the same subjects, employing consistent evaluation parameters.Results
On average, both pre- and postoperative knee kinematics in the range 10–100° of knee flexion demonstrated near-consistent femoral external rotation and anterior translation of the medial condyle and posterior translation of the lateral condyle. However, the mean femoral external rotation angle and the posterior translation of the lateral condyle postoperatively were significantly smaller than the values observed preoperatively.Discussion
Although the patterns of preoperative knee motion were similar to those seen in normal knees, the magnitude of this motion varied widely between patients, so it was not necessarily representative of normal knees. These variations may be due to the varying degrees of arthritic changes caused by osteoarthritis. Although the patterns of knee kinematics were largely maintained by the UKA procedure, the causes of the significant reductions in the magnitude of motion upon performing the UKA procedure should be investigated in subsequent studies with a larger number of patients. 相似文献66.
67.
Tokuhide Doi Masami Akai Naoto Endo Keiji Fujino Tsutomu Iwaya 《Journal of bone and mineral metabolism》2013,31(6):663-673
The objective of this study was to record the clinical course of osteoporosis over time in Japanese women. We hypothesized that successful control of acute pain associated with osteoporosis will allow better treatment for health-related problems. To confirm this working hypothesis, we developed the Japan Questionnaire for Osteoporotic Pain (JQ22) to measure health status associated with osteoporosis. We examined the validity and reliability of the JQ22 compared with the current gold standard scale for back pain, the Roland Morris questionnaire (RDQ). A total of 125 women who were more than 65 years old, had an acute back pain episode, and had a fragile vertebral fracture confirmed by X-ray and clinical signs, participated in this study. The psychometric analyses for validity and reliability were tested for the JQ22 and the RDQ. The time course up to 6 weeks was observed by investigating both changes in pain characteristics and its influence on related activities and social participation. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.979 and 0.919 for the JQ22 and RDQ, respectively. The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) indicated that the JQ22 items were separated into four domains, which were sequentially arranged at the baseline and subsequently changed. This structure reflected osteoporotic back characteristics covering a range from pain to social activities. The JQ22 was shown to be a valid and reliable scale for patient-based measurement of osteoporotic back pain. It also revealed both changes in pain characteristics and the influence of pain on related activities and participation. 相似文献
68.
69.
Masashi Ishikawa Makoto Sonobe Ei Nakayama Masashi Kobayashi Ryutaro Kikuchi Jiro Kitamura Naoto Imamura Hiroshi Date 《Annals of surgical oncology》2013,20(3):467-476
Background
Downstream activation through receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) plays important roles in carcinogenesis. In this study, we assessed the clinical involvement of Axl, an RTK, and its ligand, Gas6, in surgically treated lung adenocarcinoma.Methods
Axl and Gas6 mRNA and protein expression levels were quantified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively, in completely resected lung adenocarcinoma tissues (n = 88) and were evaluated for correlation with clinicopathologic features and patient survival.Results
Higher expressions of Axl mRNA/protein and Gas6 protein were significantly related to worse clinicopathological features and prognosis (5-year overall survival rates: Axl mRNA low: 72.3 %, high: 49.7 %, P = 0.047; Axl protein low: 77.5 %, high: 38.6 %, P < 0.001; and Gas6 protein low: 70.5 %, high: 48 %, P = 0.042). On the contrary, higher Gas6 mRNA expression was related to better clinicopathological features and prognosis (5-year overall survival rates: Gas6 mRNA low: 59.2 %, high: 81.8 %, P = 0.054). Multivariate analysis suggests that high Axl mRNA expression may be an independent factor for poor patient prognosis (P = 0.04).Conclusions
In lung adenocarcinoma, Axl and Gas6 expression levels were associated with tumor advancement and patient survival, thus rendering them as reliable biomarkers and potential targets for treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.70.
Naoto Morimoto Kenji Okada Yutaka Okita 《General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2013,61(2):79-83