人喉癌细胞端粒酶催化亚基cDNA片段的扩增与克隆

目的 :测定人喉鳞状上皮癌 hep- 2细胞的端粒酶活性水平并获得 hep- 2细胞中 h TERT c DNA片段的克隆。方法 :采用 TRAP- ELISA法测定酶活性水平 ,RT- PCR技术扩增获得目的片段。利用酶切法、PCR法和序列分析法对所获克隆进行检测。结果 :hep- 2细胞具有较高的端粒酶活性水平 ,获得含h TERT c DNA片段的克隆。结论 :利用 RT- PCR法能够从具有较高端粒酶活性水平的 hep- 2细胞中扩增获得 h TERT c DNA片段     

XGD-1对人外周血T淋巴细胞增殖和IL-2R表达的影响

目的 探讨XGD—l的免疫抑制作用及其作用机理。方法 不同浓度的XGD—l作用于植物血凝索(PHA)和刀豆索A(ConA)诱导的正常人外周血T淋巴细胞，共同培养48h和72h，用改良MTT法观察XGD—l对人T淋巴细胞增殖的影响，用流式细胞术检测XGD—l对T淋巴细胞表面IL—2R表达的影响；同时观察联合应用CsA和XGD—l对细胞增殖及IL—2R表达的影响。结果 XGD—l对PHA和ConA诱导的正常人外周血T淋巴细胞增殖有明显的抑制作用，其作用与药物浓度有关，在一定剂量范围内，抑制作用随XGD—l剂量的递增而加强；XGD—l对PHA和ConA激活的T淋巴细胞表面IL-2R的表达有显著抑制作用，阳性率从正常对照活化细胞的47．67％降为25．03％；联合应用CsA，上述抑制作用增强。结论 XGD-l具有免疫抑制作用，能降低IL-2R表达，可能是其免疫抑制作用的重要机理之一。     

种植体周围炎患者龈沟液中IL-8、IL-18的水平检测及意义

目的 探讨IL-8、IL-18在种植体周围炎龈沟液(GCF)中的表达及意义。 方法 选择2011年1月~2013年12月期间40例种植体周围炎患者为研究对象。另选择健康种植体患者40例。选择健康人群50例为健康对照组。统计3组探诊深度(PD)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、IL-8、IL-18质量浓度,并对GCF中IL-8、IL-18质量浓度与性别、年龄、PD、SBI进行相关性分析。 结果 种植体周围炎组PD、SBI、GCF均高于健康种植体组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);但健康种植体组和对照组PD、SBI、GCF差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);种植体周围炎组IL-8、IL-18水平高于健康种植体组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),健康种植体组IL-8、IL-18水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同性别种植体周围炎患者GCF中IL-8、IL-18水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);≥60岁组IL-8、IL-18水平高于<60岁组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),<60岁组IL-8、IL-18水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);GCF 与PD、SBI、IL-8、IL-18呈正相关(P<0.05);IL-8、IL-18与年龄、PD、SBI呈正相关(P<0.05);IL-8和IL-18之间呈正相关(P<0.05)。 结论 IL-8、IL-18在种植体周围炎患者GCF中呈高表达;GCF中IL-8、IL-18的特异性表达与种植体周围炎密切相关。     

High Physical Activity is Associated with an Improved Lipid Profile and Resting Heart Rate among Healthy Middle-aged Chinese People

Objective To investigate the effects of physical activity (PA) on dyslipidemia and elevated resting heart rate (RHR) in a large-scale cross-sectional study in China. Methods We recruited community-based individuals who were 40-60 years old using a cluster sampling method. The PA levels of the participants were classified as low, moderate, or high, using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Dyslipidemia was defined as the detection of abnormalities in lipid indicators, and 4 lipid parameters were evaluated using fasting blood samples. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of PA with dyslipidemia and RHR. Results A total of 10,321 participants (38.88% men) were included in this study. The percentages of individuals with high, moderate, and low PA levels were 46.5%, 43.9%, and 9.6%, respectively. In both men and women, high PA provided odds ratios of 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83, 0.94] for dyslipidemia and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.92) for elevated RHR, compared to participants with low PA. Conclusion Our data suggested that substantial health benefits (related to dyslipidemia and elevated RHR) occurred at higher intensity PA, with greater energy consumption, in middle-aged Chinese people, and particularly in men.     

Effect of hyaluronic acid on urine nerve growth factor in cyclophosphamide‐induced cystitis

Objectives: To investigate how hyaluronic acid (HA) affects nerve growth factor (NGF) production and bladder overactivity in a cyclophosphamide (CYP)‐induced cystitis rat model. Methods: Female Sprague–Dawley rats received three intermittent intraperitoneal injections of CYP (75 mg/kg) or saline. Before or after CYP injection, HA was given intravesically and urine NGF was checked with creatinine correction. Bladder function was evaluated by cystometrograms under Zoletil anesthesia. Furthermore, the effect of HA was counteracted with hyaluronidase (HYAL). Bladder structural change was compared among groups with trichrome stain. Results: The intercontraction interval (ICI) significantly decreased in CYP‐injected rats in comparison to the saline‐injected controls. In the CYP‐injected groups, bladder HA instillation significantly increased the ICI, but did not change the maximum voiding pressure in comparison to the saline instillation. NGF production significantly increased in CYP‐injected rats, but decreased significantly with HA treatment. Treatment with HA had a more significant effect on urine NGF and the use of HYAL would eliminate this effect. Specific staining showed mucosa swelling after CYP treatment. Little HA coating on bladder mucosa could be found in HA‐treated rats. Conclusions: Present findings raise the possibility that HA could be an effective treatment for CYP‐related bladder overactivity through the involvement of NGF signaling.     

Prediction of subclinical renal allograft rejection by vascular endothelial growth factor in serum and urine

BACKGROUND: Until now subclinical renal allograft rejection has only been recognized through a protocol biopsy. The aim of this study was to assess whether measurement of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum and urine could be adopted as a new noninvasive tool to predict subclinical rejection. METHODS: Concentration of VEGF in serum and urine was determined by ELISA in 132 recipients of a renal allograft with stable renal transplant function who were to undergo protocol biopsy and 80 healthy controls. A conventional receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the sensitivities and specificities for patients with subclinical rejection. RESULTS: Levels of VEGF in serum (126.96 +/- 20.13 pg/mL; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 83.10-170.83) and urine (16.14 +/- 4.09 ng/mmol creatinine; 95% CI, 7.21-25.06) of 13 patients with subclinical rejection significantly differed from those of 119 patients with no allograft rejection (No-AR) and health controls. The areas under the ROC curve were 0.771 (95% CI, 0.0.64-0.901) and 0.819 (95% CI, 0.662-0.976), respectively. Levels of VEGF in serum and urine after antirejection therapy (50.45 +/- 6.58 pg/mL and 2.60 +/- 0.83 ng/mmol creatinine, respectively) were lower than those at the time of protocol biopsy. No difference in urinary and serum VEGF expression was observed between cyclosporine and tacrolimus treatment. CONCLUSION: It is first reported that the monitoring of VEGF in serum and urine might be a new noninvasive approach to supplement a protocol biopsy for detection of subclinical rejection.     

Effects of cyclic vs. daily treatment with human parathyroid hormone (1-34) on murine bone structure and cellular activity

Previously, we demonstrated that the human parathyroid hormone (1-34) fragment (hPTH(1-34)) increased bone strength in proportion to its effects on BMD and cortical bone structure in the murine femur by comparing cyclic vs. daily administration of hPTH(1-34). Both cyclic and daily regimens increased vertebral BMD similarly at 7 weeks. Here, we have examined the effects of daily and cyclic PTH regimens on bone structure and cellular activity by static and dynamic histomorphometry. Twenty-week-old, intact female C57BL/J6 mice were treated with the following regimens (n=7 for each group): daily injection with vehicle for 7 weeks [control]; daily injection with hPTH(1-34) (40 microg/kg/day) for 7 weeks [daily PTH]; and daily injection with hPTH(1-34) (40 microg/kg/day) and vehicle alternating weekly for 7 weeks [cyclic PTH]. At days 9 and 10, and 2 and 3 prior to euthanasia, calcein (10 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously. At the end of study, the lumbar vertebrae 1-3 and the left femora were excised, cleaned, and processed for histomorphometry. In the lumbar vertebrae, daily and cyclic PTH regimens significantly increased cancellous bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular number, trabecular osteoclast and osteoblast perimeters, trabecular mineral apposition rate (MAR) and bone formation rate (BFR), and periosteal MAR and BFR compared to control, with no significant difference between the two PTH-treated groups. Increased trabecular tunneling was observed in both PTH-treated groups. Both regimens tended to increase vertebral cortical bone formation parameters with the effects at the periosteum site being more marked than those at the endosteum site, resulting in a significant increase in cortical width. In the femur, the effects of cyclic PTH on BV/TV, trabecular width and number, trabecular and endocortical osteoblast and osteoclast perimeters, cortical width, and trabecular and periosteal BFR were less marked than those of daily PTH. A cyclic PTH regimen was as effective as a daily regimen in improving cancellous and cortical bone microarchitecture and cellular activity in the murine vertebra.     

Therapeutic Effectiveness of Sustained Low‐Efficiency Hemodialysis Plus Hemoperfusion and Continuous Hemofiltration Plus Hemoperfusion for Acute Severe Organophosphate Poisoning

There is no report on the effects of sustained low‐efficiency dialysis (SLED) plus hemoperfusion (HP) (SLED + HP) in patients with acute severe organophosphate (OP) poisoning (ASOPP). This study was designed to compare the therapeutic effectiveness between SLED + HP and continuous hemofiltration (CHF) plus HP (CHF + HP) in patients with ASOPP. In order to assess the two treatment methods, 56 patients with ASOPP were divided into CHF + HP group and SLED + HP group. The biochemical indicators, in‐hospital duration, hemodynamic parameters, Acute Physiology, and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score, and survival and mortality rates were compared. In both groups after treatment, the levels of serum creatine kinase isozyme MB, creatine kinase, creatinine, glutamic‐oxalacetic transaminease, and glutamate‐pyruvate transaminase, and the APACHE II scores on the first, second, and seventh day decreased (P < 0.05), whereas the levels of serum acetylcholinesterase increased. The two groups showed no statistical differences in in‐hospital duration, biochemical indicators, APACHE II score, hemodynamic parameters, survival rate, or the mortality rate (P > 0.05). In conclusion, SLED has similar hemodynamic stability to CHF and the two treatment methods have similar effects on ASOPP patients. More importantly, SLED plus HP is relatively economical and convenient for patients with ASOPP in clinical practice.     

Effects of atorvastatin and ezetimibe on endothelial function in dyslipidemic patients with chronic kidney disease

Backgroud

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a staple risk factor not only for renal failure but also for cardiovascular diseases. In addition, because dyslipidemia facilitates atherosclerosis and renal dysfunction, antihyperlipidemic treatment is important to prevent cardiac and renal events in CKD patients.

Methods

We compared the effects of a statin and an intestinal cholesterol transporter inhibitor in 20 dyslipidemic patients with CKD presenting with proteinuria and/or glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m². Either 5–10 mg atorvastatin or 10 mg ezetimibe was given for 3 months each in a randomized crossover manner and the parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial function were compared.

Results

Atorvastatin lowered serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol more prominently than ezetimibe (103 ± 38 vs 130 ± 45 mg/dL, p < 0.001), while serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase was higher in atorvastatin than in ezetimibe (29 ± 16 vs 25 ± 11 U/L, p = 0.013). On the other hand, serum oxidized LDL and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were lower in the atorvastatin treatment period than in the ezetimibe treatment period (109 ± 38 vs 146 ± 67 U/L, p = 0.002; 1.02 ± 1.46 vs 1.47 ± 1.77 µg/mL, p = 0.003). Although serum adiponectin was not significantly different between the two drugs, the reactive hyperemia index, an index of endothelial function, was higher in atorvastatin than in ezetimibe (1.94 ± 0.58 vs 1.60 ± 0.44, p = 0.023).

Conclusion

It is concluded that atorvastatin is more potent than ezetimibe in improving the serum lipid profile, reducing oxidative stress, suppressing inflammation and preserving endothelial function, while ezetimibe may be advantageous in reducing the hepatic lipid load.     

辨证用药保留灌肠联合大肠水疗治疗慢性功能性便秘的临床疗效

为探讨辨证用药保留灌肠联合大肠水疗治疗慢性功能性便秘（CFC）的临床疗效,将160例CFC患者随机分为4组,即单纯辨证用药保留灌肠组（A组）、单纯大肠水疗组（B组）、辨证用药保留灌肠联合大肠水疗组（C组）、辨证用药口服组（D组）,各40例,均治疗2周,对比观察4组患者疗效。结果显示,c组总有效率明显高于其他3组,P〈0．05;C组治疗后便秘症状积分明显低于其他3组,P〈0．05;C组治疗后不透x线标志物残留数明显少于其他3组,P〈0．05。结果表明,辨证用药保留灌肠联合大肠水疗治疗CFC疗效满意,值得临床推广应用。