Comprehensive analysis of prognostic value and immunotherapy prospect of brain cytoplasmic RNA1 in hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND The expression of brain cytoplasmic RNA1(BCYRN1) is linked to the clinicopathology and prognosis of several types of cancers, among which hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most frequent types of cancer worldwide.AIM To explore the prognostic value and immunotherapeutic potential of BCYRN1 in HCC by bioinformatics and meta-analysis.METHODS Information was obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. First, the correlation between BCYRN1 expression and prognosis and clinico...     

底部预置二维码冻存管在生物样本存储中的应用方法

随着转化医学和健康医疗大数据快速成为医学研究的热点[1-3],越来越多的研究者认识到人类遗传资源与信息是医学研究的宝贵资源,是精准医学的基石[4].医学研究对生物样本的收集、保存和应用需求日益增加,高质量大规模生物样本库的建立对探索人类疾病新治疗途径和提高科研效率极具帮助[5-6].生物样本库一般使用冻存管储存生物样本...     

交通事故致下颌骨骨折的流行病学分析

目的对南方医院近10年交通事故造成下颌骨骨折进行流行病学分析。方法回顾性调查南方医院交通事故致下颌骨骨折患者247例,分析其人员年龄、性别、致伤原因、骨折部位、伴发伤、治疗及预后等指标。结果在交通事故造成的下颌骨骨折中,20~40岁男性占72.9%;与摩托车相关的占77%;单发骨折66%,有合并损伤的占79.3%;未配用安全设备的占87.9%;采用坚强内固定术占73.4%;96.8%患者一期愈合;治疗费用3000元~5000元占78%。结论青壮年男性为交通事故致下颌骨骨折的高发人群。预防和控制车祸的发生必须加强交通安全宣传。颏部位为骨折首发区;撞击力较小、速度低时下颌骨薄弱区为易骨折部位;撞击力较大、速度较高时易发生粉碎性骨折或多发性骨折,并伴有颅脑损伤等严重并发症。配备安全设备是预防骨折的重要手段。坚强内固定为主要治疗措施,其预后良好。     

Dual Thermo- and Photo-Responsive Micelles Based on Azobenzene-Containing Random Copolymer

Amphiphilic random copolymer poly(methacrylamido-azobenzene)-ran-poly(2-hydroxyethylacrylate) (PMAAAB-ran-PHEA) was synthesized via hydrolysis of poly(methacrylamido-azobenzene)-ran-poly[2-((2′-tetrahydropyranyl)oxy)ethylacrylate] (PMAAAB-ran-P(THP-HEA)), which was prepared by conventional radical polymerization. PMAAAB-ran-PHEA micelles were then prepared via dialysis method against water with DMF as solvent. The structure, morphology, size, and low critical solution temperature (LCST) of PMAAAB-ran-PHEA and its micelles were determined by ¹H-NMR, GPC, TEM, and DLS. The thermo- and photo-responsive behaviors of the resulting polymer micelles were investigated with Nile red as a fluorescence probe. The results showed that PMAAAB-ran-PHEA micelles were porous or bowl-shaped and its size was 135–150 nm, and its LCST was 55 °C when F_MAAAB of the random copolymer was 0.5351; the hydrophobicity of the micellar core was changed reversibly under the irradiation of UV light and visible light without release of Nile red or disruption of micelles; the size and solubilization capacity of the micelles were dependent on temperature, and Nile red would migrate for many times between the water phase and the micelles, and finally increasingly accumulated during the repeated heating and cooling processes.     

CPI‐203 improves the efficacy of anti‐PD‐1 therapy by inhibiting the induced PD‐L1 overexpression in liver cancer

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest lethal malignancies worldwide, and often diagnosed at an advanced stage, without any curative therapy. Immune checkpoint blockers targeting the programmed death receptor 1 (PD‐1) have shown impressive antitumor activity in patients with advanced‐stage HCC, while the response rate is only 30%. Inducible PD‐L1 overexpression may result in a lack of response to cancer immunotherapy, which is attributed to a mechanism of adaptive immune resistance. Our study investigated that the overexpression of PD‐L1 promoted the invasion and migration of liver cancer cells in vitro, and the induced overexpression of PD‐L1 in the tumor microenvironment could weaken the effects of anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy in a BALB/c mouse model of liver cancer. CPI‐203, a small‐molecule bromodomain‐containing protein 4 (BRD4) inhibitor, which can potently inhibit PD‐L1 expression in vitro and in vivo, combined with PD‐1 antibody improved the response to immunotherapy in a liver cancer model. Cell transfection and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay manifested that BRD4 plays a key role in PD‐L1 expression; CPI‐203 can inhibit PD‐L1 expression by inhibiting the BRD4 occupation of the PD‐L1 promoter region. This study indicates a potential clinical immunotherapy method to reduce the incidence of clinical resistance to immunotherapy in patients with HCC.     

Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes and Survivorship of Total Hip Arthroplasty for Pyogenic Arthritis: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 168 Hips

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the 10‐year outcomes of cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) in adult patients with the late sequelae of septic arthritis of the hip.MethodsWe followed 166 consecutive patients (168 hips) who underwent cementless THA between March 2001 and December 2011. There were 79 men and 87 women, with a mean age of 50.4 years (range 21–76 years) at the time of index THA, all of whom had hip osteoarthritis secondary to hip pyogenic infection. The average duration of follow up was 10.6 years (range 6.9–17.2 years). Preoperative and postoperative clinical ratings were evaluated, including the hip dysfunction and osteoarthritis outcome score (HOOS), the Harris hip score (HHS), range of motion, a 100‐point visual analog scale for hip pain, and the severity of limp and limb length discrepancy (LLD). The anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the hip and full‐length view of the lower extremities were obtained to assess the position of the components, radiolucent lines, osteolysis, loosening of components, and heterotopic ossification. The intraoperative and postoperative complications were also recorded.ResultsThe mean HSS and hip pain score were 44.2 points (range 29–66 points) and 42.5 points (range 32–64 points), respectively, before the index surgery and significantly improved to 88.1 points (range 78–96 points) and 15.1 points (range 10–26 points), respectively, at final follow‐up examination. The HOOS and range of motion also improved significantly. The mean limb length discrepancy was reduced from 2.6 to 0.8 cm. The limp at last follow‐up examination was moderate in 3 cases because of hip osteoarthritis in the other limb, slight in 26, and absent in 137. A radiolucent line was observed in 12 hips (7.1%) around the acetabular or femoral components. A progressive radiolucent line around the undersized femoral stem in all zones was seen in 1 hip, resulting in aseptic loosening and breakage of the femoral component. There were 8 cases of intraoperative fracture, 7 cases of dislocation, and 7 cases of transient nerve palsy. Recurrence of infection occurred in 2 hips. Revision surgery was conducted in 2 hips because of isolated loosening of the acetabular cup and the femoral stem, respectively. Kaplan–Meier survival was 97% at 10 years, with revision for any reason with any component as an end‐point.ConclusionImproved surgical techniques and development of components with various sizes provided favorable results for cementless THA conducted for late sequelae of sepsis in these young and active patients. Although the incidence of complications was relatively high, the complications were treated successfully.     

盐酸替扎尼定口腔崩解片溶出度的测定

目的建立盐酸替扎尼定口腔崩解片溶出度的测定方法。方法依照《中国药典》2000年版附录溶出度测定项下第一法,以水为溶出介质,转速为100 r.min-1,用HPLC法检测,检测波长为320 nm。结果在1~10μg.ml-1范围内,盐酸替扎尼定浓度与峰面积的线性关系良好(r=0.9999),高、中、低3种浓度的平均加样回收率为99.0%~99.4%,RSD为0.12%~0.15%;6批口腔崩解片样品的溶出度为92.0%~104.0%。结论所建方法操作简便、准确、可靠,适用于盐酸替扎尼定口腔崩解片的质量控制。     

Paclitaxel‐based supramolecular hydrogel loaded with mifepristone for the inhibition of breast cancer metastasis

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women and almost all of the breast cancer‐caused mortality is related to metastasis. It has been reported that glucocorticoid facilitates the metastasis of breast cancer in mice, and mifepristone can antagonize the effect of glucocorticoid. Paclitaxel is one of the important drugs in the treatment of breast cancer. Mifepristone combined with paclitaxel could be an effective strategy for inhibiting breast cancer metastasis. However, their inherent defects, in terms of short blood circulation half‐life and lack of tumor targeting, not only limit their effectiveness but also cause adverse reactions. Therefore, our aim is to explore a novel protocol against breast cancer metastasis, further optimize its therapeutic efficacy by a nanodelivery system, and explore its mechanism. Herein, a paclitaxel‐conjugated and mifepristone‐loaded hydrogel (PM‐nano) was prepared by self‐assembly. Its characterizations were studied. The antimetastatic effect was evaluated in vitro and in vivo and its mechanism was also explored by western blot assay. The resultant PM‐nano was developed with favorable water solubility and good biocompatibility. Moreover, PM‐nano displayed increased cell uptake properties and stimulated drug release in the tumor micro‐acidic environment. The PM‐nano was more effective in inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer than other groups in vitro and in vivo. The PM‐nano might inhibit metastasis through glucocorticoid receptor/receptor tyrosine kinase‐like orphan receptor 1 and MMPs. Taken together, PM‐nano showed superior antimetastatic effects against breast cancer and excellent biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo, providing a new option for limiting metastasis.     

神经内镜治疗脑积水的适应证与并发症

目的研究神经内镜治疗脑积水的适应证、效果和并发症。方法采用神经内镜治疗脑积水30例,其中神经内镜三脑室造瘘术(ETV)22例,神经内镜透明膈造瘘术2例,因室间孔狭小或视野不清改行脑室-腹腔分流术5例。分析其临床和影像学结果,总结其效果、适应证和并发症。结果行ETV的22例术后颅内压210~240mmH2O,平均(226±28)mmH2O。并发脑膜炎2例,发热4例,1例切口愈合不良,4例ETV术后并发头皮下少量积液。出血3例,无死亡和永久后遗症。结论对于因导水管狭窄、后颅窝和中脑占位引起的梗阻性脑积水患者ETV有很好的效果。慎重选择造瘘部位和器械对于避免出血等严重并发症有重要意义。     

紫癜1号中药熏洗治疗小儿过敏性紫癜临床观察

目的观察紫癜1号中药熏洗治疗小儿过敏性紫癜的临床效果。方法选取收治的过敏性紫癜患者80例,按照研究方法的不同分为观察组和对照组,对照组患者40例,给予喜炎平注射液、维生素C注射液、葡萄糖酸钙注射液等进行治疗;观察组患者在对照组基础上采用紫癜1号中药熏洗进行治疗,比较2组患者的临床治疗效果、皮肤紫癜消退时间及关节肿痛缓解状况等相关指标。结果对照组患者的治疗有效率为75.0%,观察组患者的治疗有效率为97.5%,观察组治疗有效率显著高于对照组;观察组患儿皮肤紫癜消退时间为(4.10±1.02)d,少于对照组(7.69±1.79)d;观察组患者经治疗后关节肿痛情况完全缓解达到50.0%,缓解达到35.0%,明显优于对照组。结论紫癜1号中药熏洗治疗小儿过敏性紫癜,治疗效果明显,有效缩短患者紫癜消退时间及缓解关节痛的程度。