A novel cycloartane glycoside fromThalictrum uchiyamai

A new cycloartane glycoside (1) was isolated from the aerial part ofThalictrum uchiyamai Nakai (Ranunculaceae). On the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence, the aglycone structure of this compound was characterized as 16,25-dihydroxy-3,24-diacetoxy-9, 19-cycloartane-29-oic acid, a new derivative of cycloartane triterpene. Also, the oligosaccharide moiety of this glycoside were determined as 29-O-α-L-rhanmnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylofuranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosy by application of HMBC technique. Consequently, the structure of compound 1 was elucidated as 29-O-α-L-rhanmnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylofuranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-16, 25-dihydroxy-3,24-diacetoxy-9,19-cycloartane-29-oic acid ester.     

异搏定对5-氟脲嘧啶抗肾癌效应的体外增效作用

在体外培养的肾透明细胞癌系中,观察了异搏定(Verapamil,VP)对5-氟脲嘧啶(Fluorouracil,5-Fu)细胞毒作用的影响。结果表明,异搏定在本身无细胞毒性的浓度下,可以显著增强5-氟脲嘧啶的细胞毒性,且增效作用随5-氟脲嘧啶浓度及异搏定浓度的增加及用药时间的延长而增强。     

乙型肝炎患者可溶性白细胞介素2受体水平变化

本研究应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测了103例乙型肝炎各型患者及26倒乙肝病毒(HBV)携带者血清中可溶性白细胞介素2受体(sIL-2R)水平,并结合临床资料进行分析。结果发现:各型患者及HBV 携带者sIL-2R 水平均明显高于正常对照(P<0.01～0.001),其升高程度与病情轻重呈正比,在去除危重患者酶—胆分离时谷丙转氨酶(ALT)过低的影响后,sIL-2R 水平与ALT 有良好的正相关关系(r=0.38.p<0.05);作者认为sIL-2R 能够较好地反映疾病的活动状况,动态观察血清sIL-2R 水平的变化,对判断和评价HBV 感染后的病情演变及免疫失衡状态具有重要意义。     

Rapid chemical kinetic techniques for investigations of neurotransmitter receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes

Xenopus laevis oocytes have been used extensively during the past decade to express and study neurotransmitter receptors of various origins and subunit composition and also to express and study receptors altered by site-specific mutations. Interpretations of the effects of structural differences on receptor mechanisms were, however, hampered by a lack of rapid chemical reaction techniques suitable for use with oocytes. Here we describe flow and photolysis techniques, with 2-ms and 100-μs time resolution, respectively, for studying neurotransmitter receptors in giant (≈20-μm diameter) patches of oocyte membranes, using muscle and neuronal acetylcholine receptors as examples. With these techniques, we find that the muscle receptor in BC₃H1 cells and the same receptor expressed in oocytes have comparable kinetic properties. This finding is in contrast to previous studies and raises questions regarding the interpretations of the many studies of receptors expressed in oocytes in which an insufficient time resolution was available. The results obtained indicate that the rapid reaction techniques described here, in conjunction with the oocyte expression system, will be useful in answering many outstanding questions regarding the structure and function of diverse neurotransmitter receptors.     

结直肠癌术后患者异时性进展期腺瘤风险筛查模型的构建及验证

目的 筛选结直肠癌术后患者发生异时性进展期腺瘤的危险因素,构建个体化风险筛查模型并验证模型的筛查效果。方法 将2007年4月至2017年10月行结直肠癌根治术的734例患者分为建模组和验证组,术后3年结肠镜随访。建模组采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析,建立风险筛查模型。利用验证组验证模型的筛查效果。结果 734例患者包括建模组485例,验证组249例。平均年龄为(64.6±11.5)岁,男性440例,女性294例。总的异时性进展期腺瘤发生率为11.9%(建模组12.0%,验证组11.6%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男性、糖尿病病史、右半结肠癌、中低分化腺癌、腺癌合并腺瘤,腺癌合并进展期腺瘤为异时性进展期腺瘤的独立预测因素。根据Logistic多因素分析结果,建立筛查结直肠癌术后出现异时性进展期腺瘤的模型,并建立风险筛查列线图。受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic, ROC)曲线分析结果显示,该模型的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(area under the curve, AUC)=0.957(95%CI:0.935～0.9...     

左西孟旦与多巴酚丁胺及与米力农治疗脓毒症心肌损伤的有效性及安全性评价

目的 探讨左西孟旦与多巴酚丁胺、米力农治疗脓毒症心肌损伤的有效性及安全性。方法 选取脓毒症心肌损伤患者84例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为左西孟旦组、多巴酚丁胺组、米力农组,各28例,对比总有效率、可溶性髓样细胞触发性受体1(soluble myeloid cell trigger receptor-1,sTREM-1)、可溶性白细胞分化抗原14(soluble cluster of differentiation antigen 14,sCD14)、可溶性白细胞分化抗原163(soluble cluster of differentiation antigen 163,sCD163)、心肌肌钙蛋白(cardiac troponin I,cTnI)、脑肽钠(brain natriupeptide, BNP)、左心室舒张末期容积指数(left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, LVEDVI)、左心室收缩末期容积指数(left ventricular end-systolic volume index, LVESVI)、左心室射血分数(le...     

罗哌卡因伍用右美托咪定前锯肌平面阻滞联合静脉自控镇痛对胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者术后恢复质量的改善作用

  目的  研究罗哌卡因伍用右美托咪定在超声可视下前锯肌平面阻滞（SAPB）、联合静脉自控镇痛（PCIA）对胸腔镜肺癌根治术后的镇痛效果。  方法  择期胸腔镜手术患者129例,随机分为3组（n=43）:生理盐水组（对照组）、罗哌卡因组（R组）和罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定组（RD组）。3组患侧前锯肌平面阻滞,分别注入0.9%生理盐水0 mL、0.5%罗哌卡因25 mL和0.5%罗哌卡因+1 μg/kg右美托咪定混合液25 mL;同时均使用PCIA。术后患者咳嗽时疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）≥4分,则静脉给予舒芬太尼2.5 μg补救。主要观察指标为拔除气管导管后10 min、6 h、12 h、24 h和48 h静息和咳嗽时VAS评分。次要观察指标包括血流动力学、术后前3夜睡眠质量、PCIA按压次数、术中和术后阿片类药物用量、术后首次补救镇痛时间、拔除胸管时间、住院时间、不良反应等。  结果  与对照组相比,R组和RD组在拔管后10 min、6 h、12 h时VAS评分更低（P<0.05）。与R组比较,RD组需要补救镇痛的患者人数、第一次抢救镇痛时间、PCIA按压次数和补救舒芬太尼总剂量均减少（P<0.05）,RD组术后第二、三夜睡眠质量更好,恶心与呕吐发生率更低（P<0.05）。  结论  0.5%罗哌卡因伍用1 μg/kg右美托咪定SAPB联合PCIA可明显减轻胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者术后疼痛,改善术后恢复质量。     

环氧酶-2抑制剂对关节炎大鼠小肠黏膜的影响

目的 探讨环氧酶-2抑制剂对关节炎大鼠小肠黏膜的影响。方法 将32只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、造模对照组、空白给药组和造模给药组,造模对照组、造模给药组给予弗氏完全佐剂右后足跖注射,空白对照组、空白给药组注射等量生理盐水。1周后造模给药组、空白给药组给予选择性环氧酶-2抑制剂塞来昔布（溶于1%甲基纤维素）灌胃28 d,空白对照组、造模对照组给予等量溶剂。处死大鼠后观察小肠黏膜大体损伤、病理评分,酶联免疫吸附试验检测末段小肠前列腺素浓度。结果 造模对照组与造模给药组模型复制第7天的足周径比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,但两组分别与空白对照组和空白给药组比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,空白对照组与空白给药组比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。空白对照组与造模对照组小肠黏膜损伤面积比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,空白给药组与空白对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。造模对照组、空白给药组和造模给药组组间小肠黏膜病理评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,且空白对照组与其他3组比较,差异有统计学意义（P &...     

Action of the drug Herba Epimedii on testosterone of the mouse plasma and its accessory sexual organ before and after processing

In this report, the traditional idea that sheep fat processed Herba Epimedii warms the kidney and thus invigorate "Yang" has been tested and verified by modern pharmacological methods. Experimental findings indicate that raw Herba Epimedii does not help improve the sexual function, while well processed Herba Epimedii produces apparent effects on the improvement of sexuality.     

肺癌细胞外基质的表达与临床病理的关系

目的探讨原发性肺癌层粘蛋白（Ｌａｍｉｎｉｎ,ＬＮ）、纤维连接蛋白（ｆｉｂｒｏｎｅｃｔｉｎ,ＦＮ）和Ⅳ型胶原的表达与临床病理的关系。方法采用免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ法检测１８４例肺癌标本中ＬＮ、ＦＮ和Ⅳ型胶原的表达。结果ＬＮ及Ⅳ型胶原在中、高分化的肺鳞癌中的表达均明显强于低分化组（Ｐ＜００１）,在有无淋巴结转移两组间的表达差异均具显著性（Ｐ＜００５）;肺鳞癌５年以上生存组ＬＮ、Ⅳ型胶原的表达明显高于０５年内死亡组（Ｐ＜００１）,ＦＮ的表达亦有差异（Ｐ＜００５）。肺腺癌的５年以上生存组中ＦＮ、Ⅳ型胶原的表达均强于０５年内死亡组（Ｐ＜００５,００１）。结论ＬＮ和Ⅳ型胶原的表达与肺鳞癌的组织学分级和淋巴结转移有关;ＬＮ、ＦＮ、Ⅳ型胶原的表达均可作为评估肺鳞癌预后的指标,而腺癌的预后仅与ＦＮ、Ⅳ型胶原的表达有关。