Validity and reliability of the Bengali version of the Hepatitis Quality of Life Questionnaire

Purpose  

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in Bangladesh, and the quality of life (QoL) of these patients remains unknown as there is no instrument available in the native language. In this study, we translated the 56-item Hepatitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (HQLQ) into Bengali and evaluated its validity and reliability.     

关于我国体外诊断试剂监督管理改革的建议

本文综述了美国、欧盟、日本、中国目前对体外诊断产品（试剂）监督管理的现状以及我国存在的问题。并根据我国具体情况提出了对体外诊断试剂监督管理的改革建议。     

双头加压螺纹钉贴股骨距内固定治疗股骨颈骨折

在Ｘ光电视下采用双头加压螺纹钉贴股骨距内固定治疗新鲜股骨颈骨折４２例，随访平均２．５年，其中１６例随访３年以上，骨折愈合率９５．２％，骨折不愈合并股骨头缺血性坏死率４．７６％。认为加压螺纹钉贴股骨距内固定可使钉的受力由较大剪应力变为较大轴向力承受，减少骨折处的剪应力，并加压于骨折端能促进骨折愈合。具有操作简单、进钉准确、创伤小、固定牢靠、并发症少等优点。     

Activity-dependent Decay of Early LTP Revealed by Dual EPSP Recording in Hippocampal Slices from Young Rats

The early maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) was studied in the CA1 region of hippocampal slices from 12- to 18-day-old rats in a low-magnesium solution (0.1 mM). The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated components of the field excitatory postsynaptic potential were estimated in parallel using early and late measurements of the composite potential. At the normal test stimulus frequency of 0.1 Hz, LTP was seen initially as a predominant increase in the AMPA component, but converted, via a substantial decay of this component and a gradual growth of the NMDA component, into nearly equal changes of the two components. Interrupting the test stimulation for 10 min, changing the test stimulus frequency to 1/60 Hz after LTP induction, or using a test stimulus frequency of 1/60 Hz during the entire experiment significantly reduced the decay of the potentiation of the AMPA component while enhancing the potentiation of the NMDA one. The ratio between the magnitudes of the two excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) components showed a decaying time course that was independent of the manipulations used. Application of the NMDA antagonist D(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (50μM) after LTP induction stabilized the LTP of the AMPA component until washout was started. On the other hand, the phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid (1 μM) resulted in decay of the potentiation of both EPSP components back to around baseline and altered the time course of the ratio between the components. Our results show that the early maintenance of LTP is controlled in an activity-dependent and NMDA-dependent manner. This process accelerates the decay of LTP of both AMPA and NMDA components in parallel, suggesting that it is similar to homosynaptic long-term depression, although it operates at the normal test stimulus frequency. The data support a scenario in which LTP ensues as a selective AMPA receptor modification and subsequently converts to another modification, possibly a presynaptic one.     

中国汉译西医学著作在日本的流传和影响

调查了十九世纪汉译西洋医学著作在日本的出版和流传情况，有９种汉译西洋医学著作曾在日本出版，其中６种曾多次再版，７种有和训或和译本，这些著作曾在日本医生中广泛流传，促进了西洋医学在日本的传播和普及，对日本医学从传统医学向现代医学的转变起过一定的作用。本文还分析了汉译西洋医学著作能够在日本广泛流传的原因     

D—氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐的制备研究

从龙虾壳制备的甲壳素，经盐酸水解得Ｄ－氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐，收率＞５０％，纯度＞９８．７％。水解条件考察表明，以１２ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ水解２．５～３ｈ效果最佳。     

系统性红斑狼疮的肺胸膜损害

分析了系统性红斑狼疮并肺、胸膜损害30例,胸膜改变占首位,共19例,(63.3％),其中胸膜积液16例,合并心包积液3例。其次为SLE肺炎5例(16.7％),尿毒症肺水肿3例(10％),弥漫性肺间质纤维化2例(6.7％),肺不张1例(3.35％)。对临床表现、诊断、治疗和预后进行了讨论。     

彩色多普勒和磁共振对健康人颅内动脉影像学的比较研究

目的通过彩色多普勒和磁共振血管成像对健康人颅内动脉的检测,初步确定其操作规范及衡量标准。方法正常人200例,按照检查方法分为彩色多普勒血流显像(ColourDopplerFlowImaging,CDFI)组及磁共振血管成像(MagneticReso-nanceAngiography,MRA)组。CDFI组观察大脑中动脉(MiddleCerebralArtery,MCA)、椎动脉(VertebralArtery,VA)各段的血流动力学改变和相应点的血流束内径。MRA组检测相应血管对应部位的血管内径。结果同一条血管不同位置的血流速率有差异(P<0.05);同名血管相应位置的血流速率左侧略高于右侧,女组高于男组,但无统计学意义(P>0.05)。按年龄分组,相邻组间无显著性差异,相隔组间有显著性差异。CDFI所测血流束内径较MRA所测血管内径值偏高,且P<0.05,差异有显著性。结论a)应用CDFI能显示MCA,VA走行,可检测血管的血流动力学的改变。b)要提高临床脑血管疾病诊断的准确性,必须有规范的临床操作和可靠的检测指标。c)对血管内径的测量MRA更佳。     

密闭液性环境干燥环境下供皮区创面愈合的比较研究

目的比较研究密闭液性环境和干燥环境下供皮区创面的愈合过程. 方法 1996年7月～1997年3月以13例成人断层供皮区创面为研究对象,其中男9例,女4例,年龄20～50岁,创面面积(100～400) cm2,取皮深度中厚,约0.44 mm.同一个创面分为实验组(密闭液性环境)和对照组(干燥环境),采用自身对照法.应用大体、组织学及电镜观察等方法进行观察. 结果密闭液性环境下创面愈合较快,创面组织中成纤维细胞较早活跃、且持续时间较长,再血管化和再上皮化均较早和较快发生. 结论密闭液性环境下创面愈合较快,与组织修复细胞较为活跃、再血管化和再上皮化较快发生有关.     

甲状腺功能亢进性呕吐(附2例报告)

本文报告2例系非甲亢危象及危象前期的甲状腺功能亢进(简称甲亢)患者,临床突出的症状是:频繁而又顽固的呕吐,例1导致了Mallory-Weiss征,服他巴唑60小时后呕吐明显缓解,96小时后呕吐完全停止。例2由于呕吐误诊为胃神经官能症,服他巴唑治疗一周后呕吐停止。甲亢性呕吐国内未见报告,本文对呕吐的机制进行了分析探讨。