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21.
Muhammad Akram Randhawa 《Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi》2006,47(4):313-318
Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) is frequently used as a solvent for antifungal drugs in various studies to determine their MICs. Reports on comparative evaluation of methods for the susceptibility testing of antifungal drugs have shown there is poor agreement among methods. Besides other factors which could cause variability in the results, one important factor might be the effect of DMSO on the growth of fungi. The effect of DMSO on the growth of some species of Candida has been reported in the literature. The present study aimed at determination of the effect of different concentrations of DMSO (0.125 to 10%) on the growth of dermatophytes by agar diffusion method. There was no growth of fungi in 10% DMSO, between 1.25 and 5% there was a rather linear dose-related inhibitory effect on the growth, significantly different from the controls, and below 1% there was a variable effect among the species. DMSO down to 0.25% significantly inhibited the growth of most strains of M. canis. The lower concentrations of DMSO, which apparently do not affect the growth of fungi, may potentiate the effect of antifungal drugs. 相似文献
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Gangliosides of cultured astroglia 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Michele Sbaschnig-Agler Henri Dreyfus William T. Norton Monique Sensenbrenner Muhammad Farooq Mary C. Byrne Robert W. Ledeen 《Brain research》1988,461(1):98-106
Cultured astrocytes prepared from newborn rat brain and 13-day-old chick embryonic brain were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively for ganglioside content. All preparations contained approximately the same total level: 2.4-3.4 micrograms N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc)/mg protein. In contrast, the value for primary cultures of neurons from chick embryonic brain was 5.9. The non-hexosamine-containing species, GM3 and GD3, comprised 75-85% of the total in astroglial cultures, the remainder consisting mainly of structural types other than the gangliotetraose series; choleragenoid assay revealed the latter to be virtually absent or to comprise at most a few percent. Deficiency of gangliotetraose synthesizing ability was indicated by the very low level of UDP-GalNac:GM3 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase detected in the cells. Treatment of cultured astrocytes with astroglial growth factor 2 or dibutyryl cyclic AMP caused little if any change in quantity or pattern of gangliosides. The large majority of cells stained in a manner characteristic of astrocytes: positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, negative for galactosyl ceramides. Staining with cholera toxin and anti-GM1 antibody was essentially negative, as was that with tetanus toxin, A2B5 monoclonal antibody, and antibody to GD3. All evidence thus points to cultured astrocytes of rat and chick brain containing appreciable gangliosides, most of which are GM3 and GD3 with the majority of the remainder comprising structures other than the gangliotetraose type. 相似文献
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Hakan Gundes Bilgehan Tosun Sibel Gundes Alptekin Tosun Bahar Muezzinoglu 《European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie》2007,17(2):193-197
It is a common algorithm for hand surgeons to diagnose and treat persistent post-traumatic wrist pain as complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Although it works for many patients, some conditions that affect the wrist don’t fall in this category and worsen with this treatment practice. We present a single-handed patient who had had a non-displaced distal radius fracture and was treated as CRPS for the next three months. He was eventually diagnosed with late tuberculous tenosynovitis of the wrist and a total wrist arthrodesis was performed. We believe that Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection should be in the differential diagnosis of persistent post-traumatic joint pain. This is especially important as Mycobacterium infections are becoming more common due to an increase in patients with chronic immunosuppression and definitive diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous tenosynovitis needs a high index of clinical suspicion. 相似文献
25.
Muhammad Al-Kaylani Peter Konrad Barry Lazenby Bennett Blumenkopf Bassel Abou-Khalil 《Seizure》2007,16(2):95-98
Data are limited on seizure recurrence after antiepileptic drug (AED) discontinuation in operated seizure-free patients. We reviewed seizure outcome in patients who came off AEDs after being seizure-free for 2 years following temporal lobe surgery in our center. Thirty-nine (68%) of 57 patients who discontinued AED therapy remained seizure-free. They had a younger age at surgery than the group with seizure recurrence (p=0.01). Earlier surgery may be a favorable predictor for seizure freedom after AED discontinuation. 相似文献
26.
Muhammad F Dawwas James D Lewsey James M Neuberger Alexander E Gimson 《Liver transplantation》2007,13(8):1115-1124
Modification of the current allocation system for donor livers in the United States to incorporate recipient serum sodium concentration ([Na]) has recently been proposed. However, the impact of this parameter on posttransplantation mortality has not been previously examined in a large risk-adjusted analysis. We assessed the effect of recipient [Na] on the survival of all adults with chronic liver disease who received a first single organ liver transplant in the UK and Ireland during the period March 1, 1994 to March 31, 2005 (n=5,152) at 3 years, during the first 90 days, and beyond the first 90 days, adjusting for a wide range of recipient, donor, and graft characteristics. Compared to those with normal [Na] (135-145 meq/L; n=3,066), severely hyponatremic recipients ([Na]<130 meq/L, n=541), had a higher risk-adjusted mortality at 3 years (hazard ratio [HR] 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.59; P<0.02). The excess mortality was, however, confined to the first 90 days (HR 1.55; 95% CI, 1.18-2.04; P<0.002) with no significant difference thereafter. This was also true for hypernatremic recipients ([Na]>45 meq/L, n=81), who had an even greater risk-adjusted mortality compared to normonatremic recipients (overall: HR 1.85; 95% CI, 1.25-2.73; P<0.002; 90 days: HR 1.12; 95% CI, 0.55-2.29; P=0.8), whereas mildly hyponatremic recipients ([Na] 130-134 meq/L, n=1,127) had similar risk-adjusted mortality to those with normal [Na] at the same time points. In conclusion, recipient [Na] is an independent predictor of death following liver transplantation. Attempts to correct the [Na] toward the normal reference range are an important aspect of pretransplantation management. 相似文献
27.
Julide Ozen Bahar Dirican Kaan Oysul Murat Beyzadeoglu Ozlem Ucok Bedri Beydemir 《Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics》2005,99(6):743-747
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the dose enhancement from scattered radiation at bone-dental implant interfaces during simulated head and neck radiotherapy. STUDY DESIGN: Four cylindrical titanium dental implants with 3 different sizes and lengths were implanted into a human mandible in 4 different positions. Ionization measurements for 6 MV X, 25 MV X, and Co-60 gamma rays were done. Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD 100 ) chips were used to measure radiation dose enhancement due to the scattered electrons from titanium and electronic disequilibrium at the tissue-metal interface. RESULTS: The results showed that for Co-60, there is a 21% maximum increase in dose to alveolar mandibular bone at the close proximity to the titanium. For 6-MV x-rays the dose enhancement increase was almost the same or slightly lower than for Co-60, while for 25-MV high-energy x-rays, dose enhancement was lower than that of others. This increase in dose enhancement fell off rapidly and became insignificant at 2 mm from the interface. CONCLUSION: Total dose that may lead to osteoradionecrosis risk of the mandible is slightly but not significantly affected by the scattered dose of the dental implants of lower jaw in the radiation field exposed to 3 different radiation beams. 相似文献
28.
Sustained Release Coprecipitates and Matrix Tablets of Ibuprofen with Polyacrylic Resin Ⅱ:Formulation and in vitro Evaluation
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将药物及高分子材料溶于乙醇后边搅拌边加入非溶剂制成布洛芬-聚丙烯酸树脂Ⅱ共沉淀物。通过A、B两种方法并以不同的药物-聚丙烯酸树脂Ⅱ比例制成了共沉淀物,再以这些共沉淀物直接压片制成骨架片。通过差热分析(DSC)、扫描电镜(DSC)及红外光谱(IR)研究了共沉淀物的性质。研究主要集中在处方中高分子材料所占的比例,溶出介质的pH及制备共沉淀物的方法对布洛芬从骨架中释放的影响。体外溶出实验分别在不同的pH条件下进行。处方研究表明随着聚丙烯酸树脂Ⅱ用量的增加,药物的释放过程显著延长。另外,增加溶出介质的pH会显著增加药物的累积释放百分数。此外实验还表明以方法B制成的共沉淀物的骨架片中药物的累积释放百分数要高于A法制成的骨架片,然而方法A中制得的骨架片中药物的释放却更接近于线性释放。 相似文献
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