重症急性胰腺炎中营养支持治疗的影响

目的探讨不同方式营养支持治疗对重症急性胰腺炎的影响,评估最佳营养方式。方法回顾性分析天津西青医院2008年8月至2013年1月收治的30例重症急性胰腺炎患者的临床资料,随机分为两组,即早期肠内营养+肠外营养治疗(PN+EN)组及完全胃肠外营养治疗(TPN)组,每组15例。分析两组患者治疗后的血、尿淀粉酶,血白细胞及中性粒细胞,并发症发生率及肠道功能恢复状况、住院时间等。结果 PN+EN组较TPN组患者血、尿淀粉酶,血白细胞及中性粒细胞降低明显增快,且并发症的发生率低、肠道功能恢复快、住院时间短,更缩短了患者的自然病程,降低了患者的住院费用。结论营养支持治疗对重症急性胰腺炎具有重要的临床作用,尤其是早期肠内营养治疗结合肠外营养能够明显缩短患者的自然病程,显著降低各种并发症,疗效优于TPN。     

定期晨间集体交接班在门诊的实施

目的 探讨门诊护士定期进行晨间集体交接班制的实施方法和效果.方法 于每周一工作前30 min,全体门诊护士集中进行交接班,由交班护士、护士长及科护士长对上周工作进行总结及点评.结果 实施门诊护士定期晨间集体交接班制后门诊满意度显著提高,与实施前比较,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01).结论 门诊护士定期晨间集体交接班的实施,对培养门诊护士的综合素质及提高门诊护理服务质量起到积极的促进作用.     

鼻腔鼻窦腺样囊性癌的临床分析

目的 探讨鼻腔鼻窦腺样囊性癌(ACC)的临床特点及手术疗效分析。方法 回顾性分析云南省第三人民医院2010年6月—2017年6月收治的31例病理确诊为鼻腔鼻窦ACC患者主要临床表现及生物学特性,针对不同部位、分期患者进行不同方式的手术及术后放疗。结果 31例鼻腔鼻窦ACC患者随访30例,1例失访;3年生存率为87.1%(27/31),5年生存率为71.0%(22/31),3年局部复发率为16.2%(5/31),5年局部复发率为25.8%(8/31)。结论 鼻腔鼻窦ACC生长部位深在,毗邻结构复杂,肿瘤的高侵袭性和沿神经浸润生长的习性,手术彻底切除较难,易复发。传统手术结合鼻内镜颅底技术以及神经追踪技术是减少复发、提高生存率的有效方法。     

Differentiation of viable and nonviable myocardium by the use of three-dimensional tagged MRI in 2-day-old reperfused canine infarcts

BACKGROUND: To limit ischemic myocardial injury, it is important to differentiate viable from infarcted myocardium. Three dimensional (3D) tagged MRI has the ability to quantify myocardial 3D deformation and strain (noninvasively and precisely), and can achieve a true comparison of contraction not only from region to region, but also at different levels of function. In this study, we investigated whether regional strain mapping obtained by 3D-tagged MRI can differentiate between viable but stunned myocardium and nonviable myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined 7 dogs 2 days after a 90-minute closed-chest left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by 48 hours of reperfusion. 3D-tagged MR images spanning the entire left ventricle were acquired both at rest and during dobutamine infusion (5 microg. kg-1. min-1 IV). Regional blood flow was measured with radioactive microspheres and used to define risk regions. Infarcted regions were defined as 2,3,5 triphenyltetrazolium chloride negative regions. Strains in infarcted regions were greatly impaired compared with remote regions (P<0.001) and remained unchanged during dobutamine stress. Risk regions showed a dysfunction at rest, with improved function during dobutamine infusion. Receiver operating characteristics analysis showed that radial strain was more accurate for identifying viable regions. CONCLUSIONS: When coupled with a stress test, 3D strain mapping by the use of tagged MRI is a sensitive and noninvasive method for characterizing ischemic injury. Regional strain can be used to differentiate between viable but stunned and nonviable myocardium within the postischemic injured myocardium.     

腹腔镜下与经腹股沟精索内静脉结扎术的比较研究

目的：比较两种精索静脉曲张手术的临床应用价值。方法：选择117例双侧精索静脉曲张的病例,分别行经腹股沟切口精索内静脉结扎术52例,腹腔镜下精索内静脉高位结扎术65例,对两组病例的术中经过、恢复过程、术后效果进行对比分析。结果：两组术后经腹股沟组复发2例,腹腔镜组无复发;两组治疗效果无差异;手术并发症分别发生3例及1例单侧阴囊水肿;手术时间经腹股沟组明显少于腹腔镜组;平均住院时间腹腔镜组明显少于经腹股沟组。腹腔镜手术术中解剖更清晰、损伤更小、可分离睾丸动脉,术后康复更快。结论：腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术比开放手术居优势,尤其对双侧精索静脉曲张者。     

Evaluation of a blood warmer that utilizes a 40 degrees C heat exchanger

Most commercial blood warmers are unable to warm blood components to greater than 35 degrees C at rapid flow rates (greater than 100 mL/min) because of problems with inefficient heat transfer and resistance to the flow of blood through the instrument's tubing. A new blood warmer, using a closed-flow 40 degrees C counter-current water bath and large-bore tubing, is able to warm cold (10 degrees C) packed red cells to temperatures greater than 35 degrees C even at flow rates of 500 mL per minute. To evaluate the effects on red cells of prolonged exposure to the 40 degrees C heat exchanger, blood from five volunteers stored for 42 days in AS-1 was run through the blood warmer using flow rates equivalent to the transfusion of a unit of blood over 4 hours. Compared with unwarmed blood, these blood units showed no significant changes in plasma hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, potassium, ATP, pH, and osmotic fragility. In vivo survivals of chromium-51-labeled warmed autologous red cells were greater than 75 percent in four volunteers and 49.5 percent in the fifth volunteer, whose abnormally low unwarmed red cell ATP level suggested a storage problem. Thus, this blood warmer, which warms blood efficiently at high flow rates, causes no red cell damage, even with prolonged exposure of old red cells to the 40 degrees C heat exchanger.     

Effect of specific immunotherapy in Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergic children

The effect of immunotherapy on 21 Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dpt)-sensitive patients (15 children with extrinsic asthma and six children with extrinsic asthma plus allergic rhinitis) aged 8.9±0.71 years was studied. Their subjective and objective respiratory symptom score was recorded before beginning and after the first year of immunotherapy. The respiratory subjective symptoms, such as cough day/night, running nose, sputum production, sneezing, shortness of breath at night and asthma attacks, decreased significantly from pretreatment level (P < 0.05). The objective symptoms, such as wheezing, dyspnea with prolonged expiration, sibilant rales and retractions score, gradually decreased during treatment (P < 0.01). Total eosinophil count decreased in 76.2% of patients after immunotherapy (P < 0.01). While total immunoglobulin E (IgE) decreased in 81% of patients and specific IgE for Dpt decreased in 90.5% of patients, specific IgG for Dpt increased in 76% of patient (P < 0.001). Our results suggested that rising IgG and falling IgE values do not always coexist in the patients who benefit from immunotherapy.     

Identification and characterization of a differentiation-specific antigen on normal and malignant murine erythroid cells

Rauscher murine erythroleukemia cells grow continuously in vitro and undergo terminal differentiation in response to the physiological inducer erythropoietin. In the course of this developmental process they express many erythroid-specific markers. In order to investigate the expression of cell surface determinants during Rauscher cell differentiation we generated monoclonal antibodies to uninduced cells. Using an anti-Rauscher cell monoclonal antibody, we have identified a cell surface determinant, designated ERY-1, that is present on normal murine erythroid cells. This determinant is apparently absent from the early progenitor BFU-E, but is present on the more mature progenitors CFU-E and CFC-E. It disappears during erythroid maturation and is absent from the mature erythrocyte. This pattern of ERY-1 expression is exhibited with remarkable fidelity during the erythropoietin-induced differentiation of Rauscher cells. Such differentiation-specific expression of the ERY-1 determinant suggests that it may play a functional role in erythropoiesis.