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71.
Ariel A Williamson Nardia Zendarski Katherine Lange Jon Quach Carly Molloy Susan A Clifford Melissa Mulraney 《Sleep》2021,44(1)
Study ObjectivesTo examine longitudinal, bidirectional associations among behavioral sleep problems, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and domains of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) from early childhood to adolescence in a population sample of Australian children.MethodData were drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, a national prospective cohort study with 4983 children participating in the Kindergarten cohort. Data were collected when children were aged 4–5, 6–7, 8–9, 10–11, and 12–13 years. At each study wave, the primary parent (97% mothers) reported on behavioral child sleep problems, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and HRQoL domains (psychosocial and physical). Cross-lagged structural equation models were used to evaluate bidirectional associations.ResultsAt nearly every age, behavioral sleep problems were associated with worse subsequent psychosocial and physical HRQoL. Despite bidirectional associations between mental health and HRQoL at many waves, HRQoL domains more strongly predicted later internalizing symptoms, while externalizing symptoms more strongly predicted later HRQoL. Many of the bidirectional associations among sleep, mental health, and HRQoL were found earlier in childhood.ConclusionsBehavioral sleep problems may forecast later HRQoL psychosocial and physical impairments. Attending to both sleep problems and HRQoL could prevent the progression of internalizing conditions, while a focus on externalizing concerns could prevent the worsening of these symptoms, sleep problems, and HRQoL, particularly during the transition to school. 相似文献
72.
Nemandra Sandiford SK Muirhead-Allwood JA Skinner 《Indian Journal of Orthopaedics》2015,49(6):595-601
Background:
Hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) is primarily indicated for young, active patients with disabling coxarthrosis who wish to remain active and return to sports after surgery. Relatively few prospective studies have assessed return to sporting activity and impact of gender and age on this.Materials and Methods:
Seventy-nine consecutive patients treated with HRA were included. Patients were reviewed clinically and radiologically. Function was assessed using the modified University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) activity score. The Oxford, Harris and WOMAC hip scores were calculated.Results:
Average age at the time of surgery was 54.9 years (range 34.5–73.6 years). Average preoperative and postoperative UCLA scores were 4 and 7.6 respectively. Patients were involved in 2 (0–4) sporting activities preoperatively and 2 (0–5) postoperatively. Preoperative and postoperative Oxford Hip Scores, Harris Hip Score and WOMAC scores were 40, 46 and 51 and 16, 94 and 3 respectively (P < 0.0001). Patients returned to sports at an average of 3 months postoperatively.Conclusion:
Patients were able to return to sports by 3 months and perform the same number of activities at preoperative intensity. Activity levels are maintained up to the medium term with few complications. 相似文献73.
EH Gemmill DJ Humes JA Catton 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2015,97(3):173-179
Introduction
Fast track methodology or enhanced recovery schemes have gained increasing popularity in perioperative care. While evidence is strong for colorectal surgery, its importance in gastric and oesophageal surgery has yet to be established. This article reviews the evidence of enhanced recovery schemes on outcome for this type of surgery.Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted up to March 2014. Studies were retrieved and analysed using predetermined criteria.Results
From 34 articles reviewed, 18 eligible studies were identified: 7 on gastric and 11 on oesophageal resection. Three randomised controlled trials, five case-controlled studies and ten case series were identified. The reported protocols included changes to each stage of the patient journey from pre to postoperative care. The specific focus following oesophageal resections was on early mobilisation, a reduction in intensive care unit stay, early drain removal and early (or no) contrast swallow studies. Following gastric resections, the emphasis was on reducing epidural anaesthesia along with re-establishing oral intake in the first three postoperative days and early removal of nasogastric tubes.In the papers reviewed, mortality rates following fast track surgery were 0.8% (9/1,075) for oesophageal resection and 0% (0/329) for gastric resection. The reported morbidity rate was 16.5% (54/329) following gastric resection and 38.6% (396/1,075) following oesophageal resection. Length of stay was reduced in both groups compared with conventional recovery groups in comparative studies.Conclusions
The evidence for enhanced recovery schemes following gastric and oesophageal resection is weak, with only three (low volume) published randomised controlled trials. However, the enhanced recovery approach appears safe and may be associated with a reduction in length of stay. 相似文献74.
Demonstration of autoimmune antiphospholipid antibodies (aPA) to negatively charged phospholipids (PL) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) requires the presence of certain phospholipid-binding plasma proteins, eg, beta 2-glycoprotein I. We found a requirement for plasma against the electrically neutral or zwitterionic phospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Two of these PE-binding plasma proteins were identified as high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) and low molecular weight kininogen (LMWK). We studied anti-PE antibody (aPE) seropositive plasma from 13 patients with SLE and/or recurrent spontaneous abortions by using partially purified kininogens and kininogen binding proteins from adult bovine serum isolated by carboxymethyl (CM)-papain affinity chromatography. Eleven of 13 sera recognized a kininogen-PE complex and/or a kininogen-binding protein- kininogen-PE complex. Some aPE-positive patient sera were shown to recognize highly purified HMWK and LMWK by ELISA only when the kininogens were presented on a PE substrate. These aPE sera did not recognize PE, HMWK, or LMWK when they were presented independently as the sole antigens on the ELISA plates. Other aPE-positive sera that did not react with PE-bound HMWK or LMWK reacted with the CM-papain column eluate when it was bound to PE, which suggests that these aPE recognize factor XI or prekallikrein, which normally bind to HMWK. The aPE ELISA reactivity of two patient sera were inhibited by preincubation of the CM-papain column eluate in the ELISA plate. These data show that most aPE are not specific for PE but require the presence of certain PL- binding plasma proteins that are kininogens or proteins in complex with kininogens. Our studies indicate that aPE bind to different plasma proteins than those implicated in anionic PL, aPA ELISA reactivity. 相似文献
75.
A new variant of type II von Willebrand disease with aberrant multimeric structure of plasma but not platelet von Willebrand factor (type IIF) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A patient with a lifelong bleeding disorder was diagnosed as having Type II von Willebrand disease. The larger multimers of von Willebrand factor were absent from her plasma but present in platelets. A high- resolution electrophoretic technique was used to study the complex structure of individual von Willebrand factor multimers. In normal plasma, each multimer could be resolved into five bands: a more intense central one and four less intense, two moving faster and two slower than the central band. In normal platelets, each multimer could also be resolved into five bands. The central one had a mobility similar to that in plasma, whereas the four satellite bands had a mobility that differed from that of the corresponding plasma bands. In the patient, platelet von Willebrand factor antigen content and ristocetin cofactor activity were normal, and von Willebrand factor showed the same structure of individual multimers as seen in normal platelets. On the other hand, plasma von Willebrand factor antigen and ristocetin cofactor activity were decreased, and the structure of individual von Willebrand factor multimers was different from that of normal plasma and similar to that seen in normal and patient's platelets. After infusion of 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, the largest von Willebrand factor multimers, as well as new satellite bands with a mobility similar to those in normal plasma, appeared in the patient plasma, and the levels of von Willebrand factor antigen and ristocetin cofactor activity became normal. Yet no relevant change in the prolonged bleeding time was observed. This new variant of von Willebrand disease, therefore, is characterized by the presence of a dysfunctional von Willebrand factor molecule that exhibits unique structural abnormalities in plasma but appears to be normal in platelets. The designation of Type IIF is proposed for this type of von Willebrand disease in accordance with the terminology that has been previously used. 相似文献
76.
Hemostatic plug (HP) formation was investigated in the ear bleeding time incision in normal and von Willebrand pigs. HP volume was calculated by integrating the areas of serial sections. In normal pigs (n = 11), platelets immediately formed a layer on the surface of the cut channel. Platelet aggregates formed at the ends of transected vessels and gradually enlarged. Finally, all transected vessels were occluded by HP and bleeding stopped. In contrast, large HPs were formed in the incision in von Willebrand's disease (vWD) pigs (n = 4); these HPs did not cover the ends of the transected vessels, which continued to bleed, allowing the formation of large hemostatically ineffective platelet aggregates in the incision. Canals traversed these HPs, and bleeding from the open vessels may have continued through them. After infusion of cryoprecipitate into a vWD pig, the bleeding time shortened, and the morphological findings of the HPs were similar to those of normal pigs. In normal pigs (n = 3) infused with an anti- Willebrand factor monoclonal antibody, which prolonged the bleeding time, a large HP formed in the incision, similar to that observed in the vWD pig. The volume of the normal and vWD HPs increased with time. These in vivo findings suggest that Willebrand factor is involved in the localization of the HP to the damaged vessel and may also play a role in platelet-platelet interaction. A computerized morphometric technique was used for measuring the volume of the hemostatic plugs and the distance of sequential points on the perimeter of the HP from the center of selected bleeding vessels. 相似文献
77.
Effect of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on proliferation and differentiation of promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Finstad HS; Kolset SO; Holme JA; Wiger R; Farrants AK; Blomhoff R; Drevon CA 《Blood》1994,84(11):3799-3809
Promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells were incubated with different fatty acids. Arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4, n-6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5, n-3) were the most potent inhibitors of proliferation in a dose- dependent way. Retinoic acid (RA) was used as a positive control. Inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase or addition of antioxidants did not influence the effect of EPA or AA on cell proliferation. Increased capacity to generate superoxide anions after phorbol ester treatment and a reduced serglycin messenger RNA level in cells treated with AA or EPA indicated that these fatty acids induced differentiation in HL-60 cells similar to that induced by RA. However, down-regulation of the c-myc mRNA level, also typical for differentiation with RA in HL-60 cells, was not observed in cells incubated with AA or EPA. Flow cytometric analyses showed that in cultures incubated with AA or EPA, the proportion of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle increased. Similar effects were observed with RA. By flow cytometry and light scatter analyses it could be shown that AA made 8% of the cells apoptotic and 7% necrotic. The corresponding numbers were 21% and 10% for RA-treated cells, and 19% and 32% for EPA- treated cells. The present study shows that AA and EPA reduce the proliferation rate of HL-60 cells. This is mediated by mechanisms independent of eicosanoids or lipid peroxidation products and is due to effects both on apoptosis/necrosis and cell differentiation. 相似文献
78.
The glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX complex mediates platelet aggregation in response to high shear forces by binding von Willebrand factor (vWF) in the plasma. We investigated the possibility that the complex could mediate a similar phenomenon if expressed in nonhematopoietic cells. When agitated on a tabletop shaker, CHO and L cells expressing the full complex formed large aggregates in the presence of vWF and the modulator ristocetin. When the rate of agitation was increased, aggregation occurred without added ristocetin and appeared to require only the application of a physical force. The aggregation was homophilic and temperature-dependent and required a functional ligand- binding subunit of the GP Ib-IX complex, GP Ib alpha. Posttranslational tyrosine sulfation of GP Ib alpha was required for aggregate formation and stability. Thus, aggregation of cells expressing the GP Ib-IX complex is a unique example of a ligand-receptor interaction induced by mechanical forces and demonstrates an important biological role for sulfation of tyrosine residues. 相似文献
79.
Immunologic status of hemophilia patients treated with cryoprecipitate or lyophilized concentrate 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We evaluated 37 patients with moderate or severe hemophilia A and six patients with severe factor IX deficiency for clinical or laboratory evidence of immune abnormalities. Patients were assigned to one of four groups according to the type of clotting factor replacement. Twenty patients had received only cryoprecipitate during the two years preceding the evaluation (group I); 11 additional patients were treated predominantly with cryoprecipitate but had also received up to nine bottles of factor VIII concentrate (group II); six patients received factor VIII concentrate (group III); six patients received factor IX concentrate (group IV). There was no clinical or laboratory evidence of immunodeficiency among the 43 patients. The mean absolute number of Th cells was normal in all patient groups, but the mean absolute number of Ts cells was increased compared with controls, both in patients treated with cryoprecipitate and in patients treated with factor VIII or factor IX concentrate. There was no correlation between the Th/Ts ratio and patient age, alanine aminotransferase level, hepatitis serology, in vitro lymphocyte function, or amount of clotting factor administered. Our observations demonstrate that the volunteer or commercial origin of clotting factor replacement cannot fully explain the alterations in lymphocyte subset distribution previously described in patients with hemophilia A. 相似文献
80.
Sean Molloy Maggie Lai Guy Pratt Karthik Ramasamy David Wilson Nasir Quraishi Martin Auger David Cumming Maqsood Punekar Michael Quinn Debo Ademonkun Fenella Willis Jane Tighe Gordon Cook Alistair Stirling Timothy Bishop Cathy Williams Bronek Boszczyk Jeremy Reynolds Mel Grainger Niall Craig Alastair Hamilton Isobel Chalmers Sam Ahmedzai Susanne Selvadurai Eric Low Charalampia Kyriakou the UK Spinal Myeloma Working Group 《British journal of haematology》2015,171(3):332-343
Myeloma is one of the most common malignancies that results in osteolytic lesions of the spine. Complications, including pathological fractures of the vertebrae and spinal cord compression, may cause severe pain, deformity and neurological sequelae. They may also have significant consequences for quality of life and prognosis for patients. For patients with known or newly diagnosed myeloma presenting with persistent back or radicular pain/weakness, early diagnosis of spinal myeloma disease is therefore essential to treat and prevent further deterioration. Magnetic resonance imaging is the initial imaging modality of choice for the evaluation of spinal disease. Treatment of the underlying malignancy with systemic chemotherapy together with supportive bisphosphonate treatment reduces further vertebral damage. Additional interventions such as cement augmentation, radiotherapy, or surgery are often necessary to prevent, treat and control spinal complications. However, optimal management is dependent on the individual nature of the spinal involvement and requires careful assessment and appropriate intervention throughout. This article reviews the treatment and management options for spinal myeloma disease and highlights the value of defined pathways to enable the proper management of patients affected by it. 相似文献