全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1808篇 |
免费 | 106篇 |
国内免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 23篇 |
儿科学 | 42篇 |
妇产科学 | 28篇 |
基础医学 | 314篇 |
口腔科学 | 59篇 |
临床医学 | 147篇 |
内科学 | 467篇 |
皮肤病学 | 27篇 |
神经病学 | 124篇 |
特种医学 | 68篇 |
外科学 | 217篇 |
综合类 | 21篇 |
预防医学 | 62篇 |
眼科学 | 6篇 |
药学 | 102篇 |
中国医学 | 5篇 |
肿瘤学 | 216篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 40篇 |
2021年 | 52篇 |
2020年 | 28篇 |
2019年 | 43篇 |
2018年 | 33篇 |
2017年 | 48篇 |
2016年 | 28篇 |
2015年 | 25篇 |
2014年 | 31篇 |
2013年 | 43篇 |
2012年 | 82篇 |
2011年 | 88篇 |
2010年 | 65篇 |
2009年 | 51篇 |
2008年 | 80篇 |
2007年 | 90篇 |
2006年 | 108篇 |
2005年 | 116篇 |
2004年 | 77篇 |
2003年 | 82篇 |
2002年 | 78篇 |
2001年 | 44篇 |
2000年 | 48篇 |
1999年 | 34篇 |
1998年 | 29篇 |
1997年 | 19篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 10篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 40篇 |
1991年 | 38篇 |
1990年 | 27篇 |
1989年 | 41篇 |
1988年 | 26篇 |
1987年 | 36篇 |
1986年 | 30篇 |
1985年 | 30篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1969年 | 8篇 |
1967年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有1928条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
101.
M. Eberle D. F. Lorentzen K. K. Iwanaga L. F. Hennes D. I. Watkins 《Tissue antigens》1997,49(3):256-261
The HLA-B locus is the most polymorphic locus known with currently over 100 different alleles described. Many of these alleles encode variants of the serologically-defined tissue transplantation antigens. This high level of diversity makes accurate tissue typing difficult. Here we present the sequence of a new HLA-B *08 variant, HLA-B *0804. found in Caucasian siblings JH and PF serologically typed as HLA-B51/B59 and HLA-B59/B60, respectively. Additionally, DNA-based typing by the polymerase chain reaction using sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) identified HLA-B *51 in JH and HLA-B *4001 in PF. However, PCR-SSP failed to identify a second allele in either of these individuals. The unusual finding of a B59 antigen in a Caucasian and the discrepant molecular typing results suggested that these individuals might express novel HLA molecules. Using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) followed by direct sequencing, we characterized a novel HLA-B *08 variant, HLA-B *0804. The presence of this allele was confirmed by cloning and sequencing. HLA-B *0804 differed from HLA-B *0801 by only one nucleotide substitution resulting in an amino acid replacement of phenylalanine by serine at position 67. Incidentally, this single nucleotide difference was sufficient to prevent amplification by PCR-SSP. This striking difference between both the serologically typed antigen and the PCR-SSP-identified allele compared to the sequenced allele supports the use of sequence-based typing for the analysis of HLA class I locus alleles. 相似文献
102.
Urata M Nakamura N Kinoshita S Kayamori Y Hamasaki N 《Rinsho byori. The Japanese journal of clinical pathology》2003,51(8):745-750
The examination of rheumatoid factor (RF), one of the diagnostic marker of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), showed negative about 25% of patients with RA. We analyzed a matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and a carbohydrate in rheumatoid factor (CA.RF) for diagnosis of RA: the former is used the kit "Panaclear MMP-3[Plate]" and the latter is used the kit "Picolumi CA.RF". The basic study of these reagents showed satisfactory results. In 73.3% of seronegative RA showed positive on both MMP-3 and CA.RF levels in serum, respectively. We found that these examinations might be useful for diagnosis of RA, especially during seronegative RA. 相似文献
103.
Sasaki K Kato M Takahashi T Ochi S Ichinose Y Shiraki K Asano Y Iwanaga M Tsuji T 《Journal of medical virology》2003,70(2):329-335
This study was undertaken to determine whether the specific Th1- or Th2-cell response to varicella-zoster virus was induced predominantly by a mucosal adjuvant, cholera toxin, in mice. A commercially available live varicella vaccine (Oka strain) and cholera toxin or its B subunit were administered simultaneously via the nasal route. Delayed-type hypersensitivity to the Oka vaccine was induced, but the systemic neutralizing antibody response was low. The delayed-type hypersensitivity evoked after a single administration was relatively higher than that on administration three times. When spleen cells from mice immunized once with the vaccine and cholera toxin or its B subunit were restimulated with the live vaccine in vitro, there was greater thymidine uptake and production of interleukin- 2 (IL-2) than controls, but only a low level of IL-4 production. The production of IL-2 induced by the B subunit of cholera toxin was less than that by cholera toxin and a mutant of Escherichia coli enterotoxin on co-immunization with the vaccine in mice. Cholera toxin and its B subunit have been reported to induce predominantly a specific Th2-type T-cell response to various antigens. However, the Oka vaccine is an antigen that polarizes the activation of specific Th1/Th2-type T cells by cholera toxin or its B subunit to the Th1-type side. Cholera toxin and its B subunit are thus useful mucosal adjuvants for inducing cellular immunity to the Oka vaccine similar to Escherichia coli enterotoxin. 相似文献
104.
Phosphorylation status of epidermal growth factor receptor is closely associated with responsiveness to gefitinib in pulmonary adenocarcinoma 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hijiya N Miyawaki M Kawahara K Akamine S Tsuji K Kadota J Akizuki S Uchida T Matsuura K Tsukamoto Y Moriyama M 《Human pathology》2008,39(3):316-323
Twenty-one cases of primary lung carcinoma were analyzed for correlations between the presence of somatic mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene and the phosphorylation status of EGFR, which was analyzed by immunohistochemistry with antibodies recognizing the phosphorylated form of EGFR. Somatic mutations were detected in 11 (52.4%) of the 21 cases. Immunohistochemistry with an antibody recognizing EGFR phosphorylated at tyrosine (pEGFR-tyr) 992 and an antibody recognizing EGFR phosphorylated at tyrosine 1173 (pEGFR-tyr1173) revealed that 12 (57.1%) and 21 (100%) of the 21 cases were positive, respectively. Interestingly, the mutation status of the EGFR gene was strongly correlated with immunoreactivity for pEGFR-tyr992 (P = .0019). pEGFR-tyr992 immunoreactivity was significantly correlated with clinical responsiveness to gefitinib (P = .0011). These findings suggest that immunohistochemical evaluation with anti-pEGFR-tyr992 antibody is useful for prediction of responsiveness to gefitinib. 相似文献
105.
Ota S Hishinuma M Yamauchi N Goto A Morikawa T Fujimura T Kitamura T Kodama T Aburatani H Fukayama M 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》2006,449(3):308-314
The expression of an oncofetal protein, the glypican-3 (GPC3), was immunohistochemically evaluated in a wide variety of primary
testicular germ-cell tumors (GCTs) in comparison with other markers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin
(hCG)-beta, and OCT3/4. Eighty-nine cases of GCT including 22 cases of mixed GCT were evaluated with reference to each tumor
component. GPC3 expression was observed in neoplastic cells of yolk-sac tumor (YST) (25/25), teratoma (2/10), components of
syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells (STGCs) (10/14), and choriocarcinoma (1/3), but none in intratubular germ-cell neoplasias,
unclassified type (0/33), seminomas (0/61), or embryonal carcinoma (0/19). All cases of YST showed diffuse labeling of neoplastic
cells in cytoplasmic and membranous patterns, and the positive area of GPC3 was much larger than that of AFP. Glandular structures
in teratomas showed GPC3 immunostaining as well as AFP. Although the number of GPC3-positive cells was smaller in STGC components
and choriocarcinoma, there was no diffusion artifact in GPC3 immunostaining, as was frequently encountered in hCG-beta staining.
Thus, GPC3 is a unique oncofetal protein, which is useful as an immunohistochemical marker for GCT differentiated to extraembryonic
tissue, especially YST. 相似文献
106.
Michiyo Okada Takeshi Suzue Fumihiko Jitsunari 《Environmental health and preventive medicine》2010,15(1):57-62
Objectives
Adolescents have many anxieties, and having someone to consult is important for them to maintain their mental health. This study examines: whether students have someone to consult; if they have, whether there are differences in their depressive state and in their degree of satisfaction with their school lives depending on whom they consult; and how their mental health is affected by their human relations. 相似文献107.
T. Nishida T. Sugiyama K. Ushijima A. Kataoka K. Fujiyoshi H. Tanaka S. Ota S. Iwanaga & M. Yakushiji 《International journal of gynecological cancer》1995,5(3):236-239
An unusual adenofibroma of the uterine cervix is reported. The cervix was bulkily enlarged but did not have a polypoid appearance. The neoplastic epithelium was in continuity with the covering epithelium of the cervix and consisted predominantly of endometrioid cells which proliferated to form numerous glandular structures of irregular size and shape. The glandular component resembled an endometrial hyperplasia, and was set in an abundant fibrous stroma which was moderately cellular and hyalinized. Both the epithelial and mesenchymal cells lacked cytologic atypia. Despite its benign appearance, the tumor occupied almost all the uterine cervix and extended into the upper vaginal wall. The epithelial cells showed diffuse positive staining for CA19-9 and were focally positive for carcinoembryonic antigen. The presence of dense periglandular fibrosis distinguished the present case from a minimal deviation adenocarcinoma of endometrioid type. 相似文献
108.
T. Nishida T. Sugiyama A. Kataoka K. Ushijima S. Ota S. Iwanaga & M. Yakushiji 《International journal of gynecological cancer》1995,5(4):314-318
An ovarian hepatoid carcinoma associated with minimal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) production is described. The tumor involved both ovaries, and had metastasized to the omentum, uterus and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. The neoplastic cells were arranged in sheets, had abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, central nuclei and distinct cellular borders. Despite the morphologic similarity to the histology of a hepatocellular carcinoma, elevation of the serum AFP level was minimal, at 74.0 ng ml−1 (normal range: under 20 ng ml−1 ), and the value normalized after surgery and subsequent chemotherapy. An immunohistochemical technique revealed focal staining for albumin in the tumor tissue and AFP in the uterine metastasis. Since the primary tumor itself did not stain for AFP, it is suggested that there may be hepatoid ovarian carcinomas without AFP production, a situation found in some hepatocellular carcinomas. 相似文献
109.
Hiroshi Furukawa Takeshi Iwanaga Toshifusa Nakajima Kenzo Okabayashi Hiroaki Nakazato Masahiro Hiratsuka Keiichiro Ohta Tsuyoshi Kito Yoshitaka Yamamura Shoji Goto 《Journal of surgical oncology》1995,60(1):59-64
In a phase III randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer, interinstitutional differences were analyzed. A trial of three regimens: mitomycin C, 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) and CA (MFC) + continuous oral 5-FU (Group C); MFC + continuous oral UFT(tegafur and uracil) (Group B); and MF + UFT (Group C) after operation was conducted in 466 patients with gastric cancer (stage II and III) at four hospitals in Japan (CIH, CAD, ACC and NCC). Patients were stratified by the institution, stage, and tumor size (8 cm ><). The 5-year survival rates were in the order of Group A (79.0%) > B (70.0%) > C (61.0%) (P = 0.1228) in total, A (95.0%) > B (80.0%) > C (58.0%) (P < 0.05) at CAD (82 patients), A > C> B at CIH (215), C> A > B at ACC (95), and B > A > C at NCC (78). The survival rate of patients with S2(serosal exposure), 8 cm < and NO-1 cancer was higher at CIH than at the other institutions. The interinstitutional differences in patient characteristics and surgical technique were more powerful than the differences among the three groups. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
110.
Detection of Gastric Cancer Micrometastases in Lymph Nodes by Amplification of Keratin 19 mRNA with Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10