PTGBD联合LC对高龄急性胆囊炎合并糖尿病的疗效分析

目的 探讨经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流(PTGBD)联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)对高龄急性胆囊炎合并糖尿病患者的疗效。方法 本回顾性研究以44例高龄急性胆囊炎合并糖尿病患者为研究对象,根据LC术前接受的治疗情况不同分为研究组(PTGBD组,n=20)和对照组(保守治疗组,n=24)。比较两组患者术中、术后各项指标的变化情况和并发症发生率。结果 研究组平均手术时间[(52.78±6.65)min vs(72.56±10.63)min]、术中出血量[(12.10±2.77)mL vs (18.52±2.47)mL]和术后住院时间[(5.85±0.75)d vs (8.91±1.09)d]均少于对照组(P<0.05),研究组首次排气时间[(20.33±2.99)h vs (28.27±4.38)h]及早期下床活动时间[(28.66±3.29)h vs (39.31±4.33)h]均早于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者术后1 d的WBC、CRP、VAS评分差异没有统计学意义,但术后3 d两组WBC[(5.84±1.01)×10⁹/L vs (6.72±0.67)×10...     

Endovascular repair after stent elephant trunk procedure for extensive thoracic aortic aneurysm

Hybrid surgical-endovascular procedure was conducted in a 46-year-old male with extensive thoracic aortic aneurysm. Ascending aorta and arch replacement combined with stent elephant trunk implantation was performed first. An open stent-graft was implanted into the descending aorta. One month later, endovascular repair was conducted. Postoperative CTA showed total coverage of the descending aorta by stent-grafts and the descending aortic aneurysm was totally thrombo-excluded. Stent elephant trunk may be a better alternative to conventional elephant trunk in hybrid surgical-endovascular approaches in treatment of extensive thoracic aortic aneurysm.     

全数字化乳腺摄影和彩超对乳腺疾病的诊断效果分析

目的 探讨全数字化乳腺摄影和彩超对乳腺疾病的临床诊断效果.方法 对来笔者医院诊治的40例乳腺疾病患者资料进行分析,患者均行彩色多普勒超声和全数字化乳腺摄影检查,将两种检查结果与病理结果对比,分析两种诊断方法的准确性.结果 本组40例中,29例病理阳性,11例病理阴性;全数字化乳腺摄影检查27例阳性,13例阴性,阳性诊断符合率为93.1％;彩超检查17例阳性,23例阴性,阳性符合率为58.6％,全数字化乳腺摄影阳性诊断符合率高于彩超(P＜0.01).29例年龄＞40岁患者中,病理诊断阳性22例,阴性7例;全数字化乳腺摄影检查阳性符合率为90.9％(20/22),高于彩超检查的阳性符合率(54.5％,12/22) (P＜ 0.01);11例年龄≤40岁患者中,病理诊断8例阳性,3例阴性;全数字化乳腺摄影检查阳性符合率87.5％(7/8),高于彩超检查的阳性符合率(62.5％,5/8),但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 全数字化乳腺摄影对乳腺疾病的诊断准确率比彩超高,应作为乳腺疾病的常规诊断方法.但其对于≤40岁患者的诊断准确率不高,需要结合其他方法诊断.     

保留齿状线加皮桥重建闭合切口治疗环状混合痔32例疗效观察

目的探讨保留齿状线加皮桥重建闭合切口治疗环状混合痔的可行性及疗效。方法治疗组选用保留齿状线加皮桥重建闭合切口32例，与对照组采用传统外剥内扎治疗34例在术后疼痛、水肿、出血、痔残留等并发症及住院时间、愈合时间等方面进行比较。结果治疗组在术后疼痛、水肿、出血、痔残留等及住院时间、愈合时间等方面均优于对照组。结论保留齿状线加皮桥重建闭合切口治疗环状混合痔安全、有效、可行。     

单丝聚丙烯合成非吸收齿状线在美容整形应用中并发症的防治及应用改进

目的探讨单丝聚丙烯合成非吸收齿状线在美容整形中的并发症产生的原因及应用方法及技术的改进。方法对近两年的单丝聚丙烯合成非吸收齿状线在美容整形中的应用进行总结与分析。结果改进应用方法后，并发症明显减少，效果加强。结论单丝聚丙烯合成非吸收齿状线在美容整形中应用得当，可减少并发症、取得显著效果。     

颈椎弓根钉技术在下颈椎骨折中的临床应用

目的探讨颈椎弓根钉内固定技术在下颈椎骨折中的临床应用方法及效果。方法对24例下颈椎骨折患者,通过术前X线、CT及三维重建检查了解椎弓根的直径、走行方向,并确定进钉点。术中凭手感及C臂斜位透视逐步扩孔,扩孔过程中探查骨孔四壁,确定为骨性,然后置入螺钉。结果经4～20个月的随访,除1例患者术后2.5个月因高位截瘫并发症死亡,1例A级患者无恢复外,其余22例均有1～3级脊髓功能恢复,无内固定失效者。结论下颈椎椎弓根内固定技术是相对安全、可靠的内固定方法,是下颈椎骨折治疗的较理想方法。     

Analysis of 4931 renal biopsy data in central China from 1994 to 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changing spectrum and clinicopathologic correlation of biopsy-proven renal diseases in central China. We retrospectively analyzed data of 4931 patients who underwent renal biopsy in ten hospitals between September 1994 and December 2014. Among them, 81.55% were primary glomerular diseases (GD), and 13.02% were secondary GD. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was the most common primary GD (43.45%), followed by focal glomerulonephritis (16.79%), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN, 14.35%), and membranous nephropathy (MN, 13.28%). IgAN was leading primary GD in patients under 60 years old, while MN was the leading one over 60 years old. The most frequent secondary GD was lupus nephritis (LN) (47.35%). The prevalence of IgAN, MN and minimal change disease was found to increase significantly (p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.01, respectively), while that of MsPGN, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and LN decreased significantly (p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.05, respectively). The main indication for renal biopsy was proteinuria and hematuria (49.03%), followed by nephrotic syndrome (NS, 20.36%). IgAN was the most common cause in patients with proteinuria and hematuria, chronic-progressive kidney injury, hematuria and acute kidney injury; and MN was the leading cause of NS. Primary GD remained the predominant renal disease in central China. IgAN and LN were the most prevalent histopathologic lesions of primary and secondary GD, respectively. The spectrum of biopsy-proven renal disease had a great change in the past two decades. Proteinuria and hematuria was the main indication for renal biopsy.     

革兰阴性病原菌耐药性变化的分析

目的：了解革兰阴性病原菌耐药水平的变化趋势。方法：对我院1998～2004年从各类临床标本分离出的革兰阴性病原菌的药敏试验结果进行统计分析。结果：病原菌对亚胺培南的总体敏感率始终保持在较高水平,以下依次为头孢他啶(69%)、阿米卡星(66%)和环丙沙星(66%),但是铜绿假单胞菌和不动杆菌对常用抗生素的敏感率呈下降趋势。大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和阴沟肠杆菌对亚胺培南的敏感率始终维持很高水平,但对其它各类药物的敏感率大多呈现明显的下降趋势,或维持在较低水平。结论：革兰阴性病原菌耐药水平有增高的趋势。亚胺培南可作为重症患者经验用药的首选药物之一,慎重使用第3代头孢菌素,并尽量避免经验用药。     

妊娠晚期女性B族链球菌感染状态与阴道微生态及妊娠结局的相关性分析

目的探讨妊娠晚期女性B族链球菌(GBS)感染状态与阴道微生态及妊娠结局的相关性。方法选取2017年1月1日-2019年6月30日在某院分娩的妊娠晚期女性126例,检测统计GBS感染发生情况,比较GBS感染者与未感染者的临床特征、阴道微生态(Nugent)评分、妊娠结局,分析妊娠晚期女性GBS感染发生的影响因素、不同Nugent评分者GBS阳性率及GBS感染与妊娠结局的关联性。结果126例产妇47例发生GBS感染,感染率为37.3%,年龄、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压、阴道炎、孕前检查、流产史是妊娠晚期GBS感染的独立影响因素;GBS感染者Nugent评分高于未感染者;Nugent评分>6分者GBS阳性率高于4~6分及≤3分者;GBS感染者剖宫产、胎膜早破、宫内感染、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息发生率高于未感染者;妊娠晚期GBS感染与Nugent评分呈正相关,与剖宫产、胎膜早破、宫内感染、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息发生率呈正相关。结论妊娠晚期GBS感染的发生受年龄、妊娠期并发症、阴道炎等多种因素影响,与阴道微生态紊乱密切相关,可增加不良妊娠结局发生风险,应及时给予有效治疗,以改善母婴健康。     

Effects of Corocalm (Shuguan Capsule, 疏冠胶囊) on acute myocardial ischemia in anesthetized dogs

Objective:To investigate the effects of Corocalm (Shuguan Capsule,疏冠胶囊) on acute myocardial ischemia in anesthetized dogs and its possible therapeutic mechanism.Methods:The acute ischemia model was established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) artery.Twenty- five dogs were randomly divided into 5 groups (5 clogs in each group):the control group (treated with normal saline 3 mL/kg),the refined Guanxin Capsule group (精制冠心胶囊,GXC 200 mg/kg),high and low dose Corocalm groups (48.5 mg/kg for low dose group and 194.0 mg/kg for high dose group) and the Diltiazem group (5 mg/kg).The animals were treated via a single duodenal administration after the model was established.The experiments used epicardial electrocardiogram (EECG) to measure the scope and degree of myocardial ischemia.Simultaneously,the coronary blood flow (CBF) and serum activity levels of creatine phosphokinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured by electromagnetic flow meter and automatic biochemical analyzer respectively.The plasma endothelin (ET) content was quantified by radioimmunoassay.Results:Corocalm (48.5 mg/kg and 194.0 mg/kg) significantly decreased the degree and scope of myocardial ischemia,reduced the infarct area,markedly increased the CBF,and inhibited the increase of CK and LDH activities and ET levels induced by myocardial ischemia/infarction.Conclusion:Corocalm could improve the state of acute myocardial ischemia and infarction in dogs.The mechanism of action might be correlated to increasing CBF, inhibiting CK and LDH activities and preventing ET release.